BMS 420 Exam 2 Questions With Correct
Answers
What is the primary job of the cardiovascular system? - ANSWER✔✔✔-
| | | | | | | | | |
maintaining homeostasis throughout the body | | | |
What type of blood vessels are responsible for distribution, return, and
| | | | | | | | | | |
exchange of blood? - ANSWER✔✔✔-distribution--> arteries
| | | | | |
return --> veins | | |
exchange (of substance between blood and tissues)--> capillaries
| | | | | | |
How does blood flow passively? - ANSWER✔✔✔-blood flows passively
| | | | | | | | |
from the high pressure aorta to the low pressure vena cava
| | | | | | | | | |
How much blood is in the venules and veins? - ANSWER✔✔✔-60-70% --
| | | | | | | | | | |
> venous reservoir, blood is diverted from here in times of need through
| | | | | | | | | | | |
the skeletal muscle pump and sympathetic nervous system activation
| | | | | | | | |
What is pulse dampening and why does it occur? - ANSWER✔✔✔-pulse
| | | | | | | | | |
dampening occurs in arteries because their walls are compliant so after
| | | | | | | | | | | |
contraction of the heart occurs, the artery walls push a little bit more
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
,blood out due to their compliant and elastic walls (helps with
| | | | | | | | | | |
continuous blood flow) | |
Artherosclerosis - ANSWER✔✔✔-the hardening of vessel walls which in
| | | | | | | | |
turn decreases vessel compliance and elasticity
| | | | |
What is capacitance? - ANSWER✔✔✔-capacitance is the ability of blood
| | | | | | | | |
vessels to stretch in response to increased volume
| | | | | | | |
Transportation of substances - ANSWER✔✔✔- | | | |
What is convective transport? - ANSWER✔✔✔-`transport of substances
| | | | | | | |
from the capillary bed of one organ to that in another organ, occurs
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
between plasma inside capillary to interstitial fluid outside across the
| | | | | | | | | |
capillary wall |
What is bulk flow? - ANSWER✔✔✔-all components composing blood
| | | | | | | | |
move together with the flow of blood
| | | | | |
What are the two distinct pathways for trans-capillary exchange? -
| | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔✔-1. directly through capillary endothelial cells | | | | | |
2. through pores between capillary endothelial cells (capillaries are not
| | | | | | | | | |
thick, think about Fick's Law of Diffusion)
| | | | | |
, What role do capillaries play in the exchange of substances? -
| | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔✔-1. allow large amounts of materials to enter and leave | | | | | | | | | |
the blood
|
2. large surface area
| | | |
3. minimal diffusion distance
| | |
4. can be nutritional or non-nutritional (regulation of body temperature)
| | | | | | | | |
What is blood flow into capillary beds controlled by? - ANSWER✔✔✔-
| | | | | | | | | |
pre-capillary sphincters |
Continuous capillaries overview - ANSWER✔✔✔-most abundant type,
| | | | | | |
trans-capillary diffusion (O2 and CO2), hydrophilic solutes pass through
| | | | | | | | |
intracellular clefs or channels | | |
Fenestrated capillaries overview - ANSWER✔✔✔-10 times more
| | | | | | |
permeable to water than continuous capillaries, filtration of proteins is
| | | | | | | | | |
impeded or prevented by the fixed negative charges on endothelial cells
| | | | | | | | | |
|(like charges repel each other)
| | | |
Sinusoid capillaries overview - ANSWER✔✔✔-has large intercellular
| | | | | | |
gaps, highly permeable to water, proteins and other solutes, red blood
| | | | | | | | | | |
cells migrate between blood and tissue
| | | | |
Answers
What is the primary job of the cardiovascular system? - ANSWER✔✔✔-
| | | | | | | | | |
maintaining homeostasis throughout the body | | | |
What type of blood vessels are responsible for distribution, return, and
| | | | | | | | | | |
exchange of blood? - ANSWER✔✔✔-distribution--> arteries
| | | | | |
return --> veins | | |
exchange (of substance between blood and tissues)--> capillaries
| | | | | | |
How does blood flow passively? - ANSWER✔✔✔-blood flows passively
| | | | | | | | |
from the high pressure aorta to the low pressure vena cava
| | | | | | | | | |
How much blood is in the venules and veins? - ANSWER✔✔✔-60-70% --
| | | | | | | | | | |
> venous reservoir, blood is diverted from here in times of need through
| | | | | | | | | | | |
the skeletal muscle pump and sympathetic nervous system activation
| | | | | | | | |
What is pulse dampening and why does it occur? - ANSWER✔✔✔-pulse
| | | | | | | | | |
dampening occurs in arteries because their walls are compliant so after
| | | | | | | | | | | |
contraction of the heart occurs, the artery walls push a little bit more
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
,blood out due to their compliant and elastic walls (helps with
| | | | | | | | | | |
continuous blood flow) | |
Artherosclerosis - ANSWER✔✔✔-the hardening of vessel walls which in
| | | | | | | | |
turn decreases vessel compliance and elasticity
| | | | |
What is capacitance? - ANSWER✔✔✔-capacitance is the ability of blood
| | | | | | | | |
vessels to stretch in response to increased volume
| | | | | | | |
Transportation of substances - ANSWER✔✔✔- | | | |
What is convective transport? - ANSWER✔✔✔-`transport of substances
| | | | | | | |
from the capillary bed of one organ to that in another organ, occurs
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
between plasma inside capillary to interstitial fluid outside across the
| | | | | | | | | |
capillary wall |
What is bulk flow? - ANSWER✔✔✔-all components composing blood
| | | | | | | | |
move together with the flow of blood
| | | | | |
What are the two distinct pathways for trans-capillary exchange? -
| | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔✔-1. directly through capillary endothelial cells | | | | | |
2. through pores between capillary endothelial cells (capillaries are not
| | | | | | | | | |
thick, think about Fick's Law of Diffusion)
| | | | | |
, What role do capillaries play in the exchange of substances? -
| | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔✔-1. allow large amounts of materials to enter and leave | | | | | | | | | |
the blood
|
2. large surface area
| | | |
3. minimal diffusion distance
| | |
4. can be nutritional or non-nutritional (regulation of body temperature)
| | | | | | | | |
What is blood flow into capillary beds controlled by? - ANSWER✔✔✔-
| | | | | | | | | |
pre-capillary sphincters |
Continuous capillaries overview - ANSWER✔✔✔-most abundant type,
| | | | | | |
trans-capillary diffusion (O2 and CO2), hydrophilic solutes pass through
| | | | | | | | |
intracellular clefs or channels | | |
Fenestrated capillaries overview - ANSWER✔✔✔-10 times more
| | | | | | |
permeable to water than continuous capillaries, filtration of proteins is
| | | | | | | | | |
impeded or prevented by the fixed negative charges on endothelial cells
| | | | | | | | | |
|(like charges repel each other)
| | | |
Sinusoid capillaries overview - ANSWER✔✔✔-has large intercellular
| | | | | | |
gaps, highly permeable to water, proteins and other solutes, red blood
| | | | | | | | | | |
cells migrate between blood and tissue
| | | | |
