Davis Advantage for Medical-
Surgical Nursing
Making Connections to Practice
3rd Edition
• Author(s)Janice Hoffman; Nancy
Sullivan
• Print ISBN: 9781719647366
TEST BANK
,Question Bank: Foundations for Medical-Surgical Nursing
1) MCQ
1. Question Number and Type
Question 1 — Multiple-Choice (MCQ)
2. Clinical Scenario
A nurse receives report on four adult patients on a medical-
surgical unit. One patient is 2 hours post-op from an abdominal
surgery and reports incisional pain rated 8/10. Another has a
blood pressure of 88/54 mm Hg after receiving an
antihypertensive medication. A third is scheduled for discharge
later today. The fourth has stable vital signs but is anxious
about a new diagnosis.
3. Question Stem
Which patient should the nurse assess first?
4. Answer Options
A. The patient reporting incisional pain rated 8/10
B. The patient with blood pressure 88/54 mm Hg after
antihypertensive medication
C. The patient scheduled for discharge later today
D. The patient who is anxious about a new diagnosis
5. Correct Answer
,B. The patient with blood pressure 88/54 mm Hg after
antihypertensive medication
6. Detailed Rationale
The priority is the patient with hypotension after medication
administration because this may indicate hemodynamic
instability and potential decreased perfusion. Clinical judgment
requires the nurse to recognize cues suggesting acute risk,
analyze the likely cause, and intervene promptly to prevent
deterioration. Pain is important, but the blood pressure finding
creates a more immediate safety concern.
7. Incorrect Option Analysis
• A. Pain 8/10 — Incorrect because pain requires
intervention, but it is not the highest immediate threat
compared with hypotension.
o Misconception: Severe pain is always the first
priority.
o Safety risk: Delayed recognition of possible shock or
medication-related instability.
• C. Scheduled for discharge — Incorrect because discharge
teaching is important but not urgent.
o Misconception: Planned care should be done first
because it is scheduled.
o Safety risk: Failure to address unstable physiology
first.
, • D. Anxious about diagnosis — Incorrect because anxiety is
a psychosocial need, not the most urgent cue.
o Misconception: Emotional distress should always
precede physiologic concerns.
o Safety risk: Missing early signs of reduced perfusion.
8. Nursing Process Linkage
Assessment
9. Clinical Judgment Competencies (NCJMM)
Recognize Cues; Prioritize Hypotheses
10. Difficulty Level
Moderate
11. Bloom’s Cognitive Level
Analyze
12. NCLEX Client Needs Category
Physiological Adaptation
13. Key Learning Objective
Prioritize patients based on immediate physiologic instability
and safety risk.
2) MCQ
1. Question Number and Type
Surgical Nursing
Making Connections to Practice
3rd Edition
• Author(s)Janice Hoffman; Nancy
Sullivan
• Print ISBN: 9781719647366
TEST BANK
,Question Bank: Foundations for Medical-Surgical Nursing
1) MCQ
1. Question Number and Type
Question 1 — Multiple-Choice (MCQ)
2. Clinical Scenario
A nurse receives report on four adult patients on a medical-
surgical unit. One patient is 2 hours post-op from an abdominal
surgery and reports incisional pain rated 8/10. Another has a
blood pressure of 88/54 mm Hg after receiving an
antihypertensive medication. A third is scheduled for discharge
later today. The fourth has stable vital signs but is anxious
about a new diagnosis.
3. Question Stem
Which patient should the nurse assess first?
4. Answer Options
A. The patient reporting incisional pain rated 8/10
B. The patient with blood pressure 88/54 mm Hg after
antihypertensive medication
C. The patient scheduled for discharge later today
D. The patient who is anxious about a new diagnosis
5. Correct Answer
,B. The patient with blood pressure 88/54 mm Hg after
antihypertensive medication
6. Detailed Rationale
The priority is the patient with hypotension after medication
administration because this may indicate hemodynamic
instability and potential decreased perfusion. Clinical judgment
requires the nurse to recognize cues suggesting acute risk,
analyze the likely cause, and intervene promptly to prevent
deterioration. Pain is important, but the blood pressure finding
creates a more immediate safety concern.
7. Incorrect Option Analysis
• A. Pain 8/10 — Incorrect because pain requires
intervention, but it is not the highest immediate threat
compared with hypotension.
o Misconception: Severe pain is always the first
priority.
o Safety risk: Delayed recognition of possible shock or
medication-related instability.
• C. Scheduled for discharge — Incorrect because discharge
teaching is important but not urgent.
o Misconception: Planned care should be done first
because it is scheduled.
o Safety risk: Failure to address unstable physiology
first.
, • D. Anxious about diagnosis — Incorrect because anxiety is
a psychosocial need, not the most urgent cue.
o Misconception: Emotional distress should always
precede physiologic concerns.
o Safety risk: Missing early signs of reduced perfusion.
8. Nursing Process Linkage
Assessment
9. Clinical Judgment Competencies (NCJMM)
Recognize Cues; Prioritize Hypotheses
10. Difficulty Level
Moderate
11. Bloom’s Cognitive Level
Analyze
12. NCLEX Client Needs Category
Physiological Adaptation
13. Key Learning Objective
Prioritize patients based on immediate physiologic instability
and safety risk.
2) MCQ
1. Question Number and Type
