Full test bank - lehninger principles of
biochemistry 8th edition, by david nelson with all
chapters 1-28 | Latest version with verified answers
P a g e 1 | 844
, table of contents
preface viii ______________________________________________ Error! Bookmark not defined.
chapter 1. the foundations of biochemistry ________________________________________________ 4
i structure and catalysis __________________________________________________________ 30
chapter 2. water, the solvent of life _____________________________________________________ 30
chapter 3. amino acids, peptides, and proteins ____________________________________________ 55
chapter 4. the three-dimensional structure of proteins _____________________________________ 86
chapter 5. protein function ___________________________________________________________ 111
chapter 6. enzymes _________________________________________________________________ 132
chapter 7. carbohydrates and glycobiology ______________________________________________ 158
chapter 8. nucleotides and nucleic acids ________________________________________________ 183
chapter 9. dna-based information technologies __________________________________________ 208
chapter 10. lipids ___________________________________________________________________ 230
chapter 11. biological membranes and transport _________________________________________ 250
chapter 12. biochemical signaling ______________________________________________________ 274
ii bioenergetics and metabolism __________________________________________________ 293
chapter 13. introduction to metabolism _________________________________________________ 293
chapter 14. glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the pentose phosphate pathway _________________ 318
chapter 15. the metabolism of glycogen in animals________________________________________ 341
chapter 16. the citric acid cycle ________________________________________________________ 363
chapter 17. fatty acid catabolism ______________________________________________________ 386
chapter 18. amino acid oxidation and the production of urea _______________________________ 409
chapter 19. oxidative phosphorylation __________________________________________________ 430
chapter 20. photosynthesis and carbohydrate synthesis in plants ____________________________ 452
chapter 21. lipid biosynthesis _________________________________________________________ 471
chapter 22. biosynthesis of amino acids, nucleotides, and related molecules ___________________ 491
chapter 23. hormonal regulation and integration of mammalian metabolism __________________ 511
iii information pathways ________________________________________________________ 531
chapter 24. genes and chromosomes ___________________________________________________ 531
chapter 25. dna metabolism __________________________________________________________ 551
chapter 26. rna metabolism __________________________________________________________ 571
chapter 27. protein metabolism _______________________________________________________ 593
P a g e 2 | 844
, chapter 28. regulation of gene expression _______________________________________________ 615
answer keys for explain/describe questions in all chapters 1-28 ________________________ 638
chapter 1. the foundations of biochemistry (answer key) q77-q110 __________________________________ 638
chapter 2. water, the solvent of life (answer key) q74- q93 _________________________________________ 643
chapter 3. amino acids, peptides, and proteins (answer key) q76-q113 _______________________________ 649
chapter 4. the three-dimensional structure of proteins (answer key) q72- q101 ________________________ 659
chapter 5. protein function (answer key) q73-q101 _______________________________________________ 672
chapter 6. enzymes (answer key) q68-q106 _____________________________________________________ 678
chapter 7. carbohydrates and glycobiology (answer key) q81-q108 __________________________________ 690
chapter 8. nucleotides and nucleic acids (answer key) q77-q98) _____________________________________ 695
chapter 9. dna-based information technologies (answer key) q78-q102_______________________________ 700
chapter 10. lipids (answer key) q77-q102 _______________________________________________________ 706
chapter 11. biological membranes and transport (answer key) q74-q105 _____________________________ 713
chapter 12. biochemical signaling (answer key) q67-q98 ___________________________________________ 722
chapter 13. introduction to metabolism (answer key) q79_q102 ____________________________________ 730
chapter 14. glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the pentose phosphate pathway (answer key) q76-q112)______ 738
chapter 15. the metabolism of glycogen in animals (answer key) q76-q103 ____________________________ 744
chapter 16. the citric acid cycle (answer key) q74-q105____________________________________________ 751
chapter 17. fatty acid catabolism (answer key) q79-q100 __________________________________________ 759
chapter 18. amino acid oxidation and the production of urea (answer key) q73-q100 ____________________ 764
chapter 19. oxidative phosphorylation (answer key) q71- q100 _____________________________________ 771
chapter 20. photosynthesis and carbohydrate synthesis in plants (answer key) q63-q97 _________________ 779
chapter 21. lipid biosynthesis (answer key) q71-q100 _____________________________________________ 787
chapter 22. biosynthesis of amino acids, nucleotides, and related molecules (answer key) q70-q100 _______ 794
chapter 23. hormonal regulation and integration of mammalian metabolism (answer key) q77-q101 _______ 801
chapter 24. genes and chromosomes (answer key) q76-q100 _______________________________________ 806
chapter 25. dna metabolism (answer key) q65-q101 ______________________________________________ 812
chapter 26. rna metabolism (answer key) q72-q102 ______________________________________________ 820
chapter 27. protein metabolism (answer key) q65-q100 ___________________________________________ 827
chapter 28. regulation of gene expression (answer key) q72-q100 ___________________________________ 837
P a g e 3 | 844
, chapter 1. the foundations of biochemistry
all chapters have multiple choice and explain/describe questions
multiple choice
1. in a bacterial cell, the dna is in the:
a) cell envelope.
b) cell membrane.
c) nucleoid. (correct)
d) nucleus.
e) ribosomes.
ans: c
in bacterial cells, dna is located in the nucleoid region, which is not membrane-bound like a nucleus in
eukaryotic cells. this allows for efficient replication and transcription in a simpler cellular structure.
2. a major change occurring in the evolution of eukaryotes from prokaryotes was the
development of:
a) dna.
b) photosynthetic capability.
c) plasma membranes.
d) ribosomes.
e) the nucleus.
ans: e
the development of the nucleus allowed for the compartmentalization of genetic material, which is a significant
advancement over prokaryotic cells. this compartmentalization supports more complex gene regulation and
cellular processes.
3. in eukaryotes, the nucleus is enclosed by a double membrane called the:
a) cell membrane.
b) nuclear envelope.
c) nucleolus.
d) nucleoplasm.
e) nucleosome.
ans: b
the nuclear envelope consists of two lipid bilayers and is crucial for protecting the genetic material while regulating
transport in and out of the nucleus.
4. the dimensions of living cells are limited, on the lower end by the minimum number of
biomolecules necessary for function, and on the upper end by the rate of diffusion of solutes
such as oxygen. except for highly elongated cells, they usually have lengths and diameters in
the range of:
a) 0.1 m to 10 m.
b) 0.3 m to 30 m.
c) 0.3 m to 100 m.
d) 1 m to 100 m.
e) 1 m to 300 m.
ans: c
most cells, with the exception of highly elongated ones like neurons, typically range from 0.3 to 100
micrometers. this size range allows for adequate surface area-to-volume ratio for nutrient uptake and waste
removal.
P a g e 4 | 844
biochemistry 8th edition, by david nelson with all
chapters 1-28 | Latest version with verified answers
P a g e 1 | 844
, table of contents
preface viii ______________________________________________ Error! Bookmark not defined.
chapter 1. the foundations of biochemistry ________________________________________________ 4
i structure and catalysis __________________________________________________________ 30
chapter 2. water, the solvent of life _____________________________________________________ 30
chapter 3. amino acids, peptides, and proteins ____________________________________________ 55
chapter 4. the three-dimensional structure of proteins _____________________________________ 86
chapter 5. protein function ___________________________________________________________ 111
chapter 6. enzymes _________________________________________________________________ 132
chapter 7. carbohydrates and glycobiology ______________________________________________ 158
chapter 8. nucleotides and nucleic acids ________________________________________________ 183
chapter 9. dna-based information technologies __________________________________________ 208
chapter 10. lipids ___________________________________________________________________ 230
chapter 11. biological membranes and transport _________________________________________ 250
chapter 12. biochemical signaling ______________________________________________________ 274
ii bioenergetics and metabolism __________________________________________________ 293
chapter 13. introduction to metabolism _________________________________________________ 293
chapter 14. glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the pentose phosphate pathway _________________ 318
chapter 15. the metabolism of glycogen in animals________________________________________ 341
chapter 16. the citric acid cycle ________________________________________________________ 363
chapter 17. fatty acid catabolism ______________________________________________________ 386
chapter 18. amino acid oxidation and the production of urea _______________________________ 409
chapter 19. oxidative phosphorylation __________________________________________________ 430
chapter 20. photosynthesis and carbohydrate synthesis in plants ____________________________ 452
chapter 21. lipid biosynthesis _________________________________________________________ 471
chapter 22. biosynthesis of amino acids, nucleotides, and related molecules ___________________ 491
chapter 23. hormonal regulation and integration of mammalian metabolism __________________ 511
iii information pathways ________________________________________________________ 531
chapter 24. genes and chromosomes ___________________________________________________ 531
chapter 25. dna metabolism __________________________________________________________ 551
chapter 26. rna metabolism __________________________________________________________ 571
chapter 27. protein metabolism _______________________________________________________ 593
P a g e 2 | 844
, chapter 28. regulation of gene expression _______________________________________________ 615
answer keys for explain/describe questions in all chapters 1-28 ________________________ 638
chapter 1. the foundations of biochemistry (answer key) q77-q110 __________________________________ 638
chapter 2. water, the solvent of life (answer key) q74- q93 _________________________________________ 643
chapter 3. amino acids, peptides, and proteins (answer key) q76-q113 _______________________________ 649
chapter 4. the three-dimensional structure of proteins (answer key) q72- q101 ________________________ 659
chapter 5. protein function (answer key) q73-q101 _______________________________________________ 672
chapter 6. enzymes (answer key) q68-q106 _____________________________________________________ 678
chapter 7. carbohydrates and glycobiology (answer key) q81-q108 __________________________________ 690
chapter 8. nucleotides and nucleic acids (answer key) q77-q98) _____________________________________ 695
chapter 9. dna-based information technologies (answer key) q78-q102_______________________________ 700
chapter 10. lipids (answer key) q77-q102 _______________________________________________________ 706
chapter 11. biological membranes and transport (answer key) q74-q105 _____________________________ 713
chapter 12. biochemical signaling (answer key) q67-q98 ___________________________________________ 722
chapter 13. introduction to metabolism (answer key) q79_q102 ____________________________________ 730
chapter 14. glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the pentose phosphate pathway (answer key) q76-q112)______ 738
chapter 15. the metabolism of glycogen in animals (answer key) q76-q103 ____________________________ 744
chapter 16. the citric acid cycle (answer key) q74-q105____________________________________________ 751
chapter 17. fatty acid catabolism (answer key) q79-q100 __________________________________________ 759
chapter 18. amino acid oxidation and the production of urea (answer key) q73-q100 ____________________ 764
chapter 19. oxidative phosphorylation (answer key) q71- q100 _____________________________________ 771
chapter 20. photosynthesis and carbohydrate synthesis in plants (answer key) q63-q97 _________________ 779
chapter 21. lipid biosynthesis (answer key) q71-q100 _____________________________________________ 787
chapter 22. biosynthesis of amino acids, nucleotides, and related molecules (answer key) q70-q100 _______ 794
chapter 23. hormonal regulation and integration of mammalian metabolism (answer key) q77-q101 _______ 801
chapter 24. genes and chromosomes (answer key) q76-q100 _______________________________________ 806
chapter 25. dna metabolism (answer key) q65-q101 ______________________________________________ 812
chapter 26. rna metabolism (answer key) q72-q102 ______________________________________________ 820
chapter 27. protein metabolism (answer key) q65-q100 ___________________________________________ 827
chapter 28. regulation of gene expression (answer key) q72-q100 ___________________________________ 837
P a g e 3 | 844
, chapter 1. the foundations of biochemistry
all chapters have multiple choice and explain/describe questions
multiple choice
1. in a bacterial cell, the dna is in the:
a) cell envelope.
b) cell membrane.
c) nucleoid. (correct)
d) nucleus.
e) ribosomes.
ans: c
in bacterial cells, dna is located in the nucleoid region, which is not membrane-bound like a nucleus in
eukaryotic cells. this allows for efficient replication and transcription in a simpler cellular structure.
2. a major change occurring in the evolution of eukaryotes from prokaryotes was the
development of:
a) dna.
b) photosynthetic capability.
c) plasma membranes.
d) ribosomes.
e) the nucleus.
ans: e
the development of the nucleus allowed for the compartmentalization of genetic material, which is a significant
advancement over prokaryotic cells. this compartmentalization supports more complex gene regulation and
cellular processes.
3. in eukaryotes, the nucleus is enclosed by a double membrane called the:
a) cell membrane.
b) nuclear envelope.
c) nucleolus.
d) nucleoplasm.
e) nucleosome.
ans: b
the nuclear envelope consists of two lipid bilayers and is crucial for protecting the genetic material while regulating
transport in and out of the nucleus.
4. the dimensions of living cells are limited, on the lower end by the minimum number of
biomolecules necessary for function, and on the upper end by the rate of diffusion of solutes
such as oxygen. except for highly elongated cells, they usually have lengths and diameters in
the range of:
a) 0.1 m to 10 m.
b) 0.3 m to 30 m.
c) 0.3 m to 100 m.
d) 1 m to 100 m.
e) 1 m to 300 m.
ans: c
most cells, with the exception of highly elongated ones like neurons, typically range from 0.3 to 100
micrometers. this size range allows for adequate surface area-to-volume ratio for nutrient uptake and waste
removal.
P a g e 4 | 844
