ANAT 380 FINAL EXAM REVIEW ACTUAL EXAM 2026 | ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS | VERIFIED ANSWERS | BRAND NEW VERSION!
Where does the Azygous enter the thorax
(t12) at the aortic hiatus
Intercostal Nerve Innervation
1-6: Intercostal muscles of the thoracic wall and overlying skin
7-12: anterior abdominal wall (abdominal muscles and overlying skin)
The interventicular Septum
- Divides the left and right ventricles (oxygenated vs deoxygenated)
- 2 Parts
1. Thick muscular part
2. Thin upper membranous part
Looks like a crescent due to greater pressure in left ventricle
Surfaces of the Lung
1. Diaphragmatic
2. Costal (ribs)
3. Mediastonal (medial surface: entry and exit points for all airways)
Innervation of Pleura
Parietal Pleura: intercostal and phrenic nerves
Visceral: autonomic innervation (not sensitve to pain, temp, or touch, but is sensitive to stretch)
thoarcic duct
drains lymph from the left side of the head, neck, thorax, left upper limb, and all structures below
the diaphragm
right lymphatic duct
lymph from the right side of head, neck, thorax, and right limb
Blood Supply to anterior Abdominal Wall
1. Superior Epigastric (internal thoracic)
2. Inferior Epigastric (external iliac artery)
Lymph Nodes of the Anterior Abdominal Wall
, 2
SF:
- Axillary
- Inguinal
Deep:
1. Lumbar
2. Common Illiac
3. External Illiac
Inguinal Rings
SF: opening and external oblique apponerurosis (superior to pubic tubercle)
Deep: Invagination of transveraslis facisa
Contents of Inguinal Canal (female)
1. Round ligament (anchors uterus)
2. Ilioguinal nerve (skin of upper labia majora, mons pubis, upper thigh)
Contents of Inguinal Canal (Male)
1. Spermatic Cord
2. Ilioguinal Nerve (skin of upper scrotum, root of penis, and upper thigh)
Quadratus Lumborum
O: iliac crest and lumbar vertebrae
I: Rib 12
Lumbar Plexus Nerve Formation
Psoas major muscule from the ventral rami of the lumbar spinal nerves 1-4
Nerves of the Lumbar Plexus
1. Illiohypogastric: anterior abdominal wall (skin and muscles)
2. Illioguinal (L1)
3. Gentiformal (L1+L2): Gential branch = inguinal canal, femoral: upper thigh
4. Lateral Femoral Cutaneous (L2+L3)
5. Femoral (L2 -L4)
6. Obturation (L2-L4)
7. Lumbosacral trunk (L4 +L5) joint S1-S4
Autonomic Sympathetic Nerves of the Anterior Abdominal Wall
Lumbar Sympathetic Trunk
, 3
Autonomic Parasympathetic Nerves of the Anterior Abdominal Wall
1. Aortic Plexus (left and right vagus nerves)
2. Superior hypogastric plexuses (Spinal nerves S2-4/spelanic nerves)
aortic plexus
Has prevertebral ganglion: Celiac Gangilion, Superior mesenteric ganglion, Inferior mesenteric
ganglion, Aorticorenal Gangilon
superior hypogastric plexus
Continuation of the aortic plexus as it travels downward
Forms at the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta (where it splits into the iliac arteries)
Innervates organs of the pelvis: uterus, prostate, bladder, rectum, and perineum
Celiac artery
Forms at the level of T12 and has three branches, left gastric, common hepatic, and splenic
arteries
Supplies Foregut
Superior mesenteric artery
Forms at L1 and has a lot of branches: inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery, jejunal and ileal
arteries, and middle and right colic arteries
Supply midgut
Inferior mesenteric artery
Forms at L3 and has 3 main branches: left colic, sigmoidal, and superior rectal arteries
Forgut
distal esophagus to proximal duodenum (includes pancreas, liver, and gallbladder)
Midgut
distal duodenum to the proximal ⅔ of the transverse colon
Hindgut:
division of the gastrointestinal tract from distal third of the transverse colon to the rectum
ANSWERS | VERIFIED ANSWERS | BRAND NEW VERSION!
Where does the Azygous enter the thorax
(t12) at the aortic hiatus
Intercostal Nerve Innervation
1-6: Intercostal muscles of the thoracic wall and overlying skin
7-12: anterior abdominal wall (abdominal muscles and overlying skin)
The interventicular Septum
- Divides the left and right ventricles (oxygenated vs deoxygenated)
- 2 Parts
1. Thick muscular part
2. Thin upper membranous part
Looks like a crescent due to greater pressure in left ventricle
Surfaces of the Lung
1. Diaphragmatic
2. Costal (ribs)
3. Mediastonal (medial surface: entry and exit points for all airways)
Innervation of Pleura
Parietal Pleura: intercostal and phrenic nerves
Visceral: autonomic innervation (not sensitve to pain, temp, or touch, but is sensitive to stretch)
thoarcic duct
drains lymph from the left side of the head, neck, thorax, left upper limb, and all structures below
the diaphragm
right lymphatic duct
lymph from the right side of head, neck, thorax, and right limb
Blood Supply to anterior Abdominal Wall
1. Superior Epigastric (internal thoracic)
2. Inferior Epigastric (external iliac artery)
Lymph Nodes of the Anterior Abdominal Wall
, 2
SF:
- Axillary
- Inguinal
Deep:
1. Lumbar
2. Common Illiac
3. External Illiac
Inguinal Rings
SF: opening and external oblique apponerurosis (superior to pubic tubercle)
Deep: Invagination of transveraslis facisa
Contents of Inguinal Canal (female)
1. Round ligament (anchors uterus)
2. Ilioguinal nerve (skin of upper labia majora, mons pubis, upper thigh)
Contents of Inguinal Canal (Male)
1. Spermatic Cord
2. Ilioguinal Nerve (skin of upper scrotum, root of penis, and upper thigh)
Quadratus Lumborum
O: iliac crest and lumbar vertebrae
I: Rib 12
Lumbar Plexus Nerve Formation
Psoas major muscule from the ventral rami of the lumbar spinal nerves 1-4
Nerves of the Lumbar Plexus
1. Illiohypogastric: anterior abdominal wall (skin and muscles)
2. Illioguinal (L1)
3. Gentiformal (L1+L2): Gential branch = inguinal canal, femoral: upper thigh
4. Lateral Femoral Cutaneous (L2+L3)
5. Femoral (L2 -L4)
6. Obturation (L2-L4)
7. Lumbosacral trunk (L4 +L5) joint S1-S4
Autonomic Sympathetic Nerves of the Anterior Abdominal Wall
Lumbar Sympathetic Trunk
, 3
Autonomic Parasympathetic Nerves of the Anterior Abdominal Wall
1. Aortic Plexus (left and right vagus nerves)
2. Superior hypogastric plexuses (Spinal nerves S2-4/spelanic nerves)
aortic plexus
Has prevertebral ganglion: Celiac Gangilion, Superior mesenteric ganglion, Inferior mesenteric
ganglion, Aorticorenal Gangilon
superior hypogastric plexus
Continuation of the aortic plexus as it travels downward
Forms at the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta (where it splits into the iliac arteries)
Innervates organs of the pelvis: uterus, prostate, bladder, rectum, and perineum
Celiac artery
Forms at the level of T12 and has three branches, left gastric, common hepatic, and splenic
arteries
Supplies Foregut
Superior mesenteric artery
Forms at L1 and has a lot of branches: inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery, jejunal and ileal
arteries, and middle and right colic arteries
Supply midgut
Inferior mesenteric artery
Forms at L3 and has 3 main branches: left colic, sigmoidal, and superior rectal arteries
Forgut
distal esophagus to proximal duodenum (includes pancreas, liver, and gallbladder)
Midgut
distal duodenum to the proximal ⅔ of the transverse colon
Hindgut:
division of the gastrointestinal tract from distal third of the transverse colon to the rectum
