Canadian Diabetes Educator Certification Ex d d d d
am Practice Questions And Correct Answers (
d d d d d d
Verified Answers) Plus Rationales 2026|202
d d d d
7 Q&A | Instant Download Pdf
d d d d d
1. Which of the following best describes Type 1 diabetes?
d d d d d d d d d
a) Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells d d d d d
b) Insulin resistance with relative insulin deficiency
d d d d d
c) Impaired glucose tolerance only d d d
d) Secondary to other conditions d d d
Answer: a) Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells Rationale
d d d d d d d d
: Type 1 diabetes is caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic bet
d d d d d d d d d d d
a cells, leading to absolute insulin deficiency.
d d d d d d
2. The main pathophysiological defect in Type 2 diabetes is:
d d d d d d d d
a) Autoimmunity
b) Insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction
d d d d
c) Lack of glucagon d d
, d) Viral infection
d
Answer: b) Insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction
d d d d d d
Rationale: Type 2 diabetes involves insulin resistance in tissues along wit
d d d d d d d d d d
h progressive beta-cell dysfunction.
d d d
3. Which test is the gold standard for diagnosing diabetes?
d d d d d d d d
a) Random blood glucose d d
b) Fasting plasma glucose d d
c) Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
d d d d
d) HbA1c
Answer: c) Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
d d d d d d
Rationale: OGTT is the most sensitive diagnostic test for diabetes, thoug
d d d d d d d d d d
h HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose are also used in practice.
d d d d d d d d d d
4. The recommended HbA1c target for most adults with diabetes is:
d d d d d d d d d
a) <8.0%
b) <7.0%
c) <6.0%
d) <7.5%
Answer: b) <7.0% d d
Rationale: Guidelines recommend aiming for HbA1c <7.0% for most adul
d d d d d d d d d
ts, balancing benefits and hypoglycemia risk.
d d d d d
5. Which of the following is a rapid-acting insulin?
d d d d d d d
a) NPH
b) Regular insulin d
, c) Insulin glargine d
d) Insulin lispro d
Answer: d) Insulin lispro
d d d
Rationale: Insulin lispro is a rapid-
d d d d d
acting analog, while NPH is intermediate, glargine is long-
d d d d d d d d
acting, and regular is short-acting.
d d d d
6. Which oral diabetes medication primarily works by decreasing hepatic
d d d d d d d d d
glucose production?
d
a) Sulfonylureas
b) Metformin
c) DPP-4 inhibitors d
d) SGLT2 inhibitors d
Answer: b) Metformin d d
Rationale: Metformin lowers hepatic glucose production and improves i
d d d d d d d d
nsulin sensitivity.
d
7. Which lifestyle intervention has the greatest impact on glycemic
d d d d d d d d d
control in Type 2 diabetes?
d d d d
a) Reducing sodium intake d d
b) Weight management and physical activity
d d d d
c) Vitamin supplementation d
d) Increased water intake d d
Answer: b) Weight management and physical activity Rationale:
d d d d d d d
Weight loss and regular exercise significantly improve insulin sens
d d d d d d d d d
itivity and glycemic control.
d d d
, 8. What is the recommended carbohydrate distribution for a person with
d d d d d d d d d d
diabetes?
a) All carbohydrates at breakfast
d d d
b) Spread evenly throughout meals and snacks
d d d d d
c) Avoid carbohydrates completely
d d
d) Carbohydrates only at dinner d d d
Answer: b) Spread evenly throughout meals and snacks
d d d d d d d
Rationale: Even distribution helps prevent postprandial hyperglycemia a
d d d d d d d
nd supports stable blood glucose control.
d d d d d
9. Which of the following is a sign of hypoglycemia?
d d d d d d d d
a) Polyuria
b) Polydipsia
c) Sweating and tremors d d
d) Blurred vision over weeks d d d
Answer: c) Sweating and tremors
d d d d
Rationale: Hypoglycemia often presents with adrenergic symptoms such
d d d d d d d
d as sweating, tremors, palpitations, and anxiety.
d d d d d
10. The recommended target for fasting plasma glucose in most
d d d d d d d d d
adults with diabetes is:
d d d
a) 3–5 mmol/L d
b) 4–7 mmol/L d
c) 5–9 mmol/L d
d) 6–10 mmol/L d
am Practice Questions And Correct Answers (
d d d d d d
Verified Answers) Plus Rationales 2026|202
d d d d
7 Q&A | Instant Download Pdf
d d d d d
1. Which of the following best describes Type 1 diabetes?
d d d d d d d d d
a) Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells d d d d d
b) Insulin resistance with relative insulin deficiency
d d d d d
c) Impaired glucose tolerance only d d d
d) Secondary to other conditions d d d
Answer: a) Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells Rationale
d d d d d d d d
: Type 1 diabetes is caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic bet
d d d d d d d d d d d
a cells, leading to absolute insulin deficiency.
d d d d d d
2. The main pathophysiological defect in Type 2 diabetes is:
d d d d d d d d
a) Autoimmunity
b) Insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction
d d d d
c) Lack of glucagon d d
, d) Viral infection
d
Answer: b) Insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction
d d d d d d
Rationale: Type 2 diabetes involves insulin resistance in tissues along wit
d d d d d d d d d d
h progressive beta-cell dysfunction.
d d d
3. Which test is the gold standard for diagnosing diabetes?
d d d d d d d d
a) Random blood glucose d d
b) Fasting plasma glucose d d
c) Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
d d d d
d) HbA1c
Answer: c) Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
d d d d d d
Rationale: OGTT is the most sensitive diagnostic test for diabetes, thoug
d d d d d d d d d d
h HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose are also used in practice.
d d d d d d d d d d
4. The recommended HbA1c target for most adults with diabetes is:
d d d d d d d d d
a) <8.0%
b) <7.0%
c) <6.0%
d) <7.5%
Answer: b) <7.0% d d
Rationale: Guidelines recommend aiming for HbA1c <7.0% for most adul
d d d d d d d d d
ts, balancing benefits and hypoglycemia risk.
d d d d d
5. Which of the following is a rapid-acting insulin?
d d d d d d d
a) NPH
b) Regular insulin d
, c) Insulin glargine d
d) Insulin lispro d
Answer: d) Insulin lispro
d d d
Rationale: Insulin lispro is a rapid-
d d d d d
acting analog, while NPH is intermediate, glargine is long-
d d d d d d d d
acting, and regular is short-acting.
d d d d
6. Which oral diabetes medication primarily works by decreasing hepatic
d d d d d d d d d
glucose production?
d
a) Sulfonylureas
b) Metformin
c) DPP-4 inhibitors d
d) SGLT2 inhibitors d
Answer: b) Metformin d d
Rationale: Metformin lowers hepatic glucose production and improves i
d d d d d d d d
nsulin sensitivity.
d
7. Which lifestyle intervention has the greatest impact on glycemic
d d d d d d d d d
control in Type 2 diabetes?
d d d d
a) Reducing sodium intake d d
b) Weight management and physical activity
d d d d
c) Vitamin supplementation d
d) Increased water intake d d
Answer: b) Weight management and physical activity Rationale:
d d d d d d d
Weight loss and regular exercise significantly improve insulin sens
d d d d d d d d d
itivity and glycemic control.
d d d
, 8. What is the recommended carbohydrate distribution for a person with
d d d d d d d d d d
diabetes?
a) All carbohydrates at breakfast
d d d
b) Spread evenly throughout meals and snacks
d d d d d
c) Avoid carbohydrates completely
d d
d) Carbohydrates only at dinner d d d
Answer: b) Spread evenly throughout meals and snacks
d d d d d d d
Rationale: Even distribution helps prevent postprandial hyperglycemia a
d d d d d d d
nd supports stable blood glucose control.
d d d d d
9. Which of the following is a sign of hypoglycemia?
d d d d d d d d
a) Polyuria
b) Polydipsia
c) Sweating and tremors d d
d) Blurred vision over weeks d d d
Answer: c) Sweating and tremors
d d d d
Rationale: Hypoglycemia often presents with adrenergic symptoms such
d d d d d d d
d as sweating, tremors, palpitations, and anxiety.
d d d d d
10. The recommended target for fasting plasma glucose in most
d d d d d d d d d
adults with diabetes is:
d d d
a) 3–5 mmol/L d
b) 4–7 mmol/L d
c) 5–9 mmol/L d
d) 6–10 mmol/L d
