1
SchoolL
aw
D017
Study Guide forthe Objective
Assessment
Unit2 – History
andStructure ofSchools Module 1: HistoricalPerspectives
ofSchooling
1. The Common SchoolMovement– who, where, what, &why?
a. In the 1837- startedby Haorce Mann in Masschsseuttes - public schools - primary schools open to
everyone of any age createdby reformers (churchman, professionals, men andwomen ofwealth - Horace
Mann (fatherofthe common schoolmovement) &Henry Barnard) Createddue to beliefthatAmerican schools
were failing. born out ofrepublicanism
2. Compulsory Attendance Laws – federalandstate legislation
a. Compulsory attendance laws are those thatstate legislatures mandate forattendance in public schools. In
1852, Massachusetts became the firstU.S. state to pass acontemporary universalpublic education law,
which stated thatchildren between the ages of8 and14 mustattendschoolfortwelve weeks peryear,
sixofwhich hadto be consecutive. Parents mustsendtheirchildren to school- can be legally
punishedifthey failto sendtheirchildren
3. LandmarkEvents in Modern Public Schooling – what, when, andimpact?
a. Compulsory Attendance Act-1852
i. 1852 wasthe firstlawrequiring studentparticipation in schooling; however, itwas passedby
the statelegislatureofMassachusetts. Thelawincludedmandatory attendanceforchildren
betweenthe ages of8 and14 foratleastthree months outofeach year. Ofthese twelve
weeks, atleastsixhadto be consecutive.
b. NationalDefense Education Act- 1958
i. establishedthe legitimacy offederalfunding ofhighereducation andmade substantialfunds
available forlow-coststudentloans, boosting public andprivate collegesanduniversities.
Although aimed primarily ateducation in science, mathematics, andforeign languages, the
actalso helpedexpand college libraries andotherservices forallstudents. More people were
able to go to college
ii. -Itprovidedfundsto schoolsforequipmentin scienceclassrooms. -Itallowedan increasein the
numberoflanguagelaboratoriesin publicschools. -Itprovidedfinancialaidtoacademically
capable students (particularly in STEMareas) who didnothave the financialmeans to pursue
undergraduate orgraduate degrees. -Itprovidedfunding forresearch on the effective use
ofvarious educationalmedia in enhancing instruction.
c. The Elementary andSecondary Education Act- 1965
i. funds primary andsecondary education, emphasizing high standards andaccountability. As
mandated in theact, fundsareauthorizedforprofessionaldevelopment, instructionalmaterials,
resourcesto supporteducationalprograms, andthepromotion ofparentalinvolvement.
-commitmentto equalaccess to quality education
-ESEA is an extensive statute thatfunds primary andsecondary education, emphasizing high
standards andaccountability.
-ESEA has been reauthorizedmultiple times since itwas originally signedinto lawin 1965.
-The2015reauthorization ofESEApermitsthestatestodecidehowstudentachievementwillbe
assessed.
-signedinto lawby PresidentLyndon B. Johnson as partofthe Waron Poverty.
d. A Nation atRisk- 1983
i. itrecommendedthatschools become more rigorous, thatthey adoptnewstandards,
andthatteacher preparation andpay be evaluated
e. The Improving America’s Schools Act- 1994
i. providing extrahelp to disadvantagedstudents andholding schools accountable fortheirresults
atthe same levelas otherstudents
f. No ChildLeftBehind- 2002
i. requiredstates to teststudents in reading andmath in grades three through
, eightandonce in high school.
g. Every StudentSucceeds Act- 2015
SchoolL
aw
D017
Study Guide forthe Objective
Assessment
Unit2 – History
andStructure ofSchools Module 1: HistoricalPerspectives
ofSchooling
1. The Common SchoolMovement– who, where, what, &why?
a. In the 1837- startedby Haorce Mann in Masschsseuttes - public schools - primary schools open to
everyone of any age createdby reformers (churchman, professionals, men andwomen ofwealth - Horace
Mann (fatherofthe common schoolmovement) &Henry Barnard) Createddue to beliefthatAmerican schools
were failing. born out ofrepublicanism
2. Compulsory Attendance Laws – federalandstate legislation
a. Compulsory attendance laws are those thatstate legislatures mandate forattendance in public schools. In
1852, Massachusetts became the firstU.S. state to pass acontemporary universalpublic education law,
which stated thatchildren between the ages of8 and14 mustattendschoolfortwelve weeks peryear,
sixofwhich hadto be consecutive. Parents mustsendtheirchildren to school- can be legally
punishedifthey failto sendtheirchildren
3. LandmarkEvents in Modern Public Schooling – what, when, andimpact?
a. Compulsory Attendance Act-1852
i. 1852 wasthe firstlawrequiring studentparticipation in schooling; however, itwas passedby
the statelegislatureofMassachusetts. Thelawincludedmandatory attendanceforchildren
betweenthe ages of8 and14 foratleastthree months outofeach year. Ofthese twelve
weeks, atleastsixhadto be consecutive.
b. NationalDefense Education Act- 1958
i. establishedthe legitimacy offederalfunding ofhighereducation andmade substantialfunds
available forlow-coststudentloans, boosting public andprivate collegesanduniversities.
Although aimed primarily ateducation in science, mathematics, andforeign languages, the
actalso helpedexpand college libraries andotherservices forallstudents. More people were
able to go to college
ii. -Itprovidedfundsto schoolsforequipmentin scienceclassrooms. -Itallowedan increasein the
numberoflanguagelaboratoriesin publicschools. -Itprovidedfinancialaidtoacademically
capable students (particularly in STEMareas) who didnothave the financialmeans to pursue
undergraduate orgraduate degrees. -Itprovidedfunding forresearch on the effective use
ofvarious educationalmedia in enhancing instruction.
c. The Elementary andSecondary Education Act- 1965
i. funds primary andsecondary education, emphasizing high standards andaccountability. As
mandated in theact, fundsareauthorizedforprofessionaldevelopment, instructionalmaterials,
resourcesto supporteducationalprograms, andthepromotion ofparentalinvolvement.
-commitmentto equalaccess to quality education
-ESEA is an extensive statute thatfunds primary andsecondary education, emphasizing high
standards andaccountability.
-ESEA has been reauthorizedmultiple times since itwas originally signedinto lawin 1965.
-The2015reauthorization ofESEApermitsthestatestodecidehowstudentachievementwillbe
assessed.
-signedinto lawby PresidentLyndon B. Johnson as partofthe Waron Poverty.
d. A Nation atRisk- 1983
i. itrecommendedthatschools become more rigorous, thatthey adoptnewstandards,
andthatteacher preparation andpay be evaluated
e. The Improving America’s Schools Act- 1994
i. providing extrahelp to disadvantagedstudents andholding schools accountable fortheirresults
atthe same levelas otherstudents
f. No ChildLeftBehind- 2002
i. requiredstates to teststudents in reading andmath in grades three through
, eightandonce in high school.
g. Every StudentSucceeds Act- 2015
