NRSG 2350 FINAL EXAM (1-4) PRACTICE TEST – 500 REAL QUESTIONS & ACCURATE
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (100% VERIFIED) | NRSG 2350 UPDATED EXAM 2026 |
100% GUARANTEED PASS (MOST RECENT!!!)
1. A patient presents with fatigue, pallor, and a CBC showing macrocytic red blood cells. Which type of
anemia is most likely?
A) Iron deficiency anemia
B) Megaloblastic anemia
C) Sickle cell anemia
D) Aplastic anemia
Answer: B
Megaloblastic anemia is caused by deficiency of vitamin B12 or folate, resulting in the production of
unusually large, immature RBCs (macrocytic) that are structurally abnormal. These vitamins are essential
for healthy RBC structure and DNA synthesis during erythropoiesis.
2. Which laboratory finding is characteristic of pernicious anemia?
A) Low serum iron
B) Low serum B12 with positive Schilling test
C) High serum ferritin
D) Low serum folate
Answer: B
Pernicious anemia is caused by the inability of the gastric mucosa to produce intrinsic factor, which is
essential for vitamin B12 absorption. Serum B12 levels are low, and the Schilling test confirms the
diagnosis by demonstrating impaired B12 absorption that corrects with intrinsic factor administration.
1|P age SUCCESS!!!
,3. A patient with pernicious anemia complains of bleeding gums and impaired smell. These symptoms
result from:
A) Iron deficiency
B) Folic acid deficiency
C) Neurological effects of B12 deficiency
D) Bone marrow suppression
Answer: C
Vitamin B12 is essential for myelin sheath maintenance and neurological function. Deficiency leads to
neurological symptoms including impaired smell, loss of deep tendon reflexes, and other neurological
manifestations. Bleeding gums and diarrhea are also associated with advanced deficiency .
4. Why is a patient with aplastic anemia at increased risk for infection?
A) Increased production of abnormal RBCs
B) Decreased production of all blood cell types
C) Autoimmune destruction of platelets
D) Iron overload in tissues
Answer: B
Aplastic anemia is a bone marrow failure syndrome characterized by pancytopenia - decreased production
of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. The lack of WBCs (leukopenia) significantly
compromises the immune system's ability to fight infections.
5. A patient with hemolytic anemia asks about the cause of their condition. The nurse understands that
hemolytic anemia results from:
2|P age SUCCESS!!!
,A) Decreased RBC production
B) Excessive destruction of RBCs
C) Genetic hemoglobin abnormality
D) Vitamin deficiency
Answer: B
Hemolytic anemia is characterized by excessive destruction or hemolysis of RBCs. The condition leads to
premature removal of RBCs from circulation, causing anemia despite adequate bone marrow production.
Types include thalassemia and sickle cell disease.
6. A child is diagnosed with thalassemia. The nurse explains that this condition involves:
A) Sickle-shaped hemoglobin
B) Lack of one of two proteins that make up hemoglobin
C) Autoimmune destruction of RBCs
D) Vitamin B12 malabsorption
Answer: B
Thalassemia is a genetic disorder characterized by abnormal hemoglobin production due to a lack of one
of the two proteins that make up hemoglobin. This leads to delayed growth, fatigue, dyspnea, bone
deformities, and anemia requiring blood transfusions or bone marrow transplant in severe cases.
7. Which statement accurately describes sickle cell anemia?
A) RBCs are smaller than normal
B) Hemoglobin A is abnormally shaped
C) The condition is acquired, not genetic
3|P age SUCCESS!!!
, D) Sickle cells are less sticky than normal RBCs
Answer: B
Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disorder in which hemoglobin S (HbS) causes RBCs to assume a sickle
shape. These abnormal cells distort, have low oxygen supply, and clog blood vessels due to their sticky
nature. This leads to vaso-occlusive crises and tissue damage.
8. The nurse is teaching a patient with iron deficiency anemia about iron supplementation. Which adverse
effect should the patient be instructed to report?
A) Constipation and darkened stool
B) Dark urine
C) Increased appetite
D) Drowsiness
Answer: A
Iron supplements commonly cause gastrointestinal adverse effects including constipation, darkened stool
(melena), and staining of teeth. These are expected effects but should be monitored. Stool softeners may
help manage constipation. Darkened stool indicates the iron is being absorbed but can be alarming if not
anticipated.
9. Which medication is used to treat anemia associated with chronic kidney disease?
A) Ferrous sulfate
B) Cyanocobalamin
C) Epoetin alfa
D) Hydroxyurea
4|P age SUCCESS!!!
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (100% VERIFIED) | NRSG 2350 UPDATED EXAM 2026 |
100% GUARANTEED PASS (MOST RECENT!!!)
1. A patient presents with fatigue, pallor, and a CBC showing macrocytic red blood cells. Which type of
anemia is most likely?
A) Iron deficiency anemia
B) Megaloblastic anemia
C) Sickle cell anemia
D) Aplastic anemia
Answer: B
Megaloblastic anemia is caused by deficiency of vitamin B12 or folate, resulting in the production of
unusually large, immature RBCs (macrocytic) that are structurally abnormal. These vitamins are essential
for healthy RBC structure and DNA synthesis during erythropoiesis.
2. Which laboratory finding is characteristic of pernicious anemia?
A) Low serum iron
B) Low serum B12 with positive Schilling test
C) High serum ferritin
D) Low serum folate
Answer: B
Pernicious anemia is caused by the inability of the gastric mucosa to produce intrinsic factor, which is
essential for vitamin B12 absorption. Serum B12 levels are low, and the Schilling test confirms the
diagnosis by demonstrating impaired B12 absorption that corrects with intrinsic factor administration.
1|P age SUCCESS!!!
,3. A patient with pernicious anemia complains of bleeding gums and impaired smell. These symptoms
result from:
A) Iron deficiency
B) Folic acid deficiency
C) Neurological effects of B12 deficiency
D) Bone marrow suppression
Answer: C
Vitamin B12 is essential for myelin sheath maintenance and neurological function. Deficiency leads to
neurological symptoms including impaired smell, loss of deep tendon reflexes, and other neurological
manifestations. Bleeding gums and diarrhea are also associated with advanced deficiency .
4. Why is a patient with aplastic anemia at increased risk for infection?
A) Increased production of abnormal RBCs
B) Decreased production of all blood cell types
C) Autoimmune destruction of platelets
D) Iron overload in tissues
Answer: B
Aplastic anemia is a bone marrow failure syndrome characterized by pancytopenia - decreased production
of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. The lack of WBCs (leukopenia) significantly
compromises the immune system's ability to fight infections.
5. A patient with hemolytic anemia asks about the cause of their condition. The nurse understands that
hemolytic anemia results from:
2|P age SUCCESS!!!
,A) Decreased RBC production
B) Excessive destruction of RBCs
C) Genetic hemoglobin abnormality
D) Vitamin deficiency
Answer: B
Hemolytic anemia is characterized by excessive destruction or hemolysis of RBCs. The condition leads to
premature removal of RBCs from circulation, causing anemia despite adequate bone marrow production.
Types include thalassemia and sickle cell disease.
6. A child is diagnosed with thalassemia. The nurse explains that this condition involves:
A) Sickle-shaped hemoglobin
B) Lack of one of two proteins that make up hemoglobin
C) Autoimmune destruction of RBCs
D) Vitamin B12 malabsorption
Answer: B
Thalassemia is a genetic disorder characterized by abnormal hemoglobin production due to a lack of one
of the two proteins that make up hemoglobin. This leads to delayed growth, fatigue, dyspnea, bone
deformities, and anemia requiring blood transfusions or bone marrow transplant in severe cases.
7. Which statement accurately describes sickle cell anemia?
A) RBCs are smaller than normal
B) Hemoglobin A is abnormally shaped
C) The condition is acquired, not genetic
3|P age SUCCESS!!!
, D) Sickle cells are less sticky than normal RBCs
Answer: B
Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disorder in which hemoglobin S (HbS) causes RBCs to assume a sickle
shape. These abnormal cells distort, have low oxygen supply, and clog blood vessels due to their sticky
nature. This leads to vaso-occlusive crises and tissue damage.
8. The nurse is teaching a patient with iron deficiency anemia about iron supplementation. Which adverse
effect should the patient be instructed to report?
A) Constipation and darkened stool
B) Dark urine
C) Increased appetite
D) Drowsiness
Answer: A
Iron supplements commonly cause gastrointestinal adverse effects including constipation, darkened stool
(melena), and staining of teeth. These are expected effects but should be monitored. Stool softeners may
help manage constipation. Darkened stool indicates the iron is being absorbed but can be alarming if not
anticipated.
9. Which medication is used to treat anemia associated with chronic kidney disease?
A) Ferrous sulfate
B) Cyanocobalamin
C) Epoetin alfa
D) Hydroxyurea
4|P age SUCCESS!!!
