Galen Pharmacology Bundled Exams Questions and Correct
Answers | 100% Pass// 2026 Update
Furosemide (Lasix) -Correct Answer Potassium Wasting Loop Diuretic used for Edema.
Inhibition of sodium and water reabsorption from the Loop of Henle and distal renal tubes. K, Mg, Ca
may also be excreted.
Adverse Reactions: orthostatic hypotension, hyperglycemia, K+,Na+, Mag+ deficit
Spironolactone (Aldactone) -Correct Answer Potassium Sparing Diuretic used for Edema
Acts on distal renal tubes to promote sodium and water excretion and potassium retention.
Adverse Reactions: severe hyperkalemia, thrombocytopenia
Hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide) -Correct Answer Potassium Wasting Thiazide Diuretic used for
increasing urine output and edema
Action is on the renal distule tubes, promoting Na, K, and water excretion and decreasing preload
and cardiac output; also decreases edema; acts on arterioles and causes vasodilation, thus
decreasing blood pressure
Adverse Reactions: orthostatic hypotension, hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hypercalcemia
Mannitol (Osmitrol) -Correct Answer Potassium Wasting Osmotic Diuretic used for IOP ICP and
edema
Increases osmolality (concentration) and sodium reabsoprtion in the proximal tubue and Loop of
Henle.
Adverse Reactions: pulmonary edema, tachycardia from rapid shift of fluids
, Mannitol can crystallize so it must be warmed to dissolve crystals before administration
Prazosin (Minipress) -Correct Answer Potassium Wasting Alpha Adrenergic Blocker used to control
hypertension
Dilates peripheral blood vessels by blocking alpha adrenergic receptors.
Adverse Effects: orthostatic hypotension, palpitation, tachycardia
Nifedipine (Procardia) -Correct Answer Calcium Channel Blocker used for hypertension and angina
Blocks calcium channel in the VSM (vascular smooth muscle), promoting vasodilation.
Adverse Reactions: bradycardia and AV block
Metoprolol (Lopressor) -Correct Answer Cardiac Selective Beta Blocker used for hypertension
Promotes blood pressure reduction via a beta1-blocking effect. Slows heart rate down which
decreases blood pressure.
Adverse Reactions: Bradycardia, thrombocytopenia,
Life Threatening: Bronchospasm
Propranolol (Hemangeol) -Correct Answer Antagonist Adrenergic Blocker/Non-Selective Beta
Blocker used for hypertension, AMI, angina
Heartrate slows and bronchoconstriction occurs.
Adverse Reactions: Bradycardia, hyperkalemia, seizures, bronchospasm
Answers | 100% Pass// 2026 Update
Furosemide (Lasix) -Correct Answer Potassium Wasting Loop Diuretic used for Edema.
Inhibition of sodium and water reabsorption from the Loop of Henle and distal renal tubes. K, Mg, Ca
may also be excreted.
Adverse Reactions: orthostatic hypotension, hyperglycemia, K+,Na+, Mag+ deficit
Spironolactone (Aldactone) -Correct Answer Potassium Sparing Diuretic used for Edema
Acts on distal renal tubes to promote sodium and water excretion and potassium retention.
Adverse Reactions: severe hyperkalemia, thrombocytopenia
Hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide) -Correct Answer Potassium Wasting Thiazide Diuretic used for
increasing urine output and edema
Action is on the renal distule tubes, promoting Na, K, and water excretion and decreasing preload
and cardiac output; also decreases edema; acts on arterioles and causes vasodilation, thus
decreasing blood pressure
Adverse Reactions: orthostatic hypotension, hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hypercalcemia
Mannitol (Osmitrol) -Correct Answer Potassium Wasting Osmotic Diuretic used for IOP ICP and
edema
Increases osmolality (concentration) and sodium reabsoprtion in the proximal tubue and Loop of
Henle.
Adverse Reactions: pulmonary edema, tachycardia from rapid shift of fluids
, Mannitol can crystallize so it must be warmed to dissolve crystals before administration
Prazosin (Minipress) -Correct Answer Potassium Wasting Alpha Adrenergic Blocker used to control
hypertension
Dilates peripheral blood vessels by blocking alpha adrenergic receptors.
Adverse Effects: orthostatic hypotension, palpitation, tachycardia
Nifedipine (Procardia) -Correct Answer Calcium Channel Blocker used for hypertension and angina
Blocks calcium channel in the VSM (vascular smooth muscle), promoting vasodilation.
Adverse Reactions: bradycardia and AV block
Metoprolol (Lopressor) -Correct Answer Cardiac Selective Beta Blocker used for hypertension
Promotes blood pressure reduction via a beta1-blocking effect. Slows heart rate down which
decreases blood pressure.
Adverse Reactions: Bradycardia, thrombocytopenia,
Life Threatening: Bronchospasm
Propranolol (Hemangeol) -Correct Answer Antagonist Adrenergic Blocker/Non-Selective Beta
Blocker used for hypertension, AMI, angina
Heartrate slows and bronchoconstriction occurs.
Adverse Reactions: Bradycardia, hyperkalemia, seizures, bronchospasm
