Foundations Midterm Jersey College Exam Questions and Well
Elaborated Answers// 100% Pass// 2026 Update
advocate -Correct Answer the protection of human or legal rights and the securing of care for all
patients based on the belief that patients have the right to make informed decisions about their
health and lives
caregiver -Correct Answer The provision of care to patients that combines both the art and the
science of nursing in meeting physical, emotional, intellectual, sociocultural, and spiritual needs. As a
caregiver, the nurse integrates the roles of communicator, teacher, counselor, leader, researcher,
advocate, and collaborator to promote wellness through activities that prevent illness, restore
health, and facilitate coping with disability or death. The role of caregiver is the primary role of the
nurse.
4 Nursing Aims -Correct Answer 1. promotes health
2. prevent illness/disease
3. restore health
4. facilitate coping with disability or death(die with dignity)
Florence Nightingale -Correct Answer Established sanitary nursing care units. Founder of modern
nursing. began professional education of nursing.
nursing profession criteria -Correct Answer well defined body of specific and unique knowledge
strong service oriented
recognized authority by a professional group
Code of Ethics
Professional organization that sets standards
Ongoing research
Autonomy and self-regulation
Standards of Nursing Practice -Correct Answer allow nurses to carry out professional roles, serving
as protection for the nurse, the patient, and the institution where health care is provided
,Nurse Practice Act -Correct Answer laws established in each state in the US to regulate the practice
of nursing
Nursing Process -Correct Answer Assessment
Diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
Used by the nurse to identify the patients health care needs and strengths, to establish and carry out
a care plan to meet those needs, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the plan
Sources of Knowledge -Correct Answer Traditional-passed down from generation to generation
Authoritative-comes from an expert
Scientific-implying through research (scientific method)
General Systems Theory -Correct Answer how to break whole things into parts and then to learn
how the parts work together in systems
Adaptation Theory -Correct Answer defines adaptation as the adjustment of living matter to other
living things and to environmental conditions
developmental theory -Correct Answer process of growth and development of humans as orderly
and predictable, beginning with conception and ending with death
nursing theory -Correct Answer differentiates nursing from other disciplines and activities by
serving the purposes of describing, explaining, predicting, and controlling desired outcomes of
nursing care practices
deductive reasoning -Correct Answer general to specific
inductive reasoning -Correct Answer specific to general
Common Concepts in Nursing Theories -Correct Answer Person (patient)
, Environment
Health
Nursing
Sister Callista Roy -Correct Answer Nursing interventions are needed when individuals demonstrate
ineffective adaptive responses; adaptive modes. adaptation model, relationships between persons,
universe, god, Adaptation model: assistance with the adaptation to stressors to facilitate the
integration process of the client. Theory helps the "biospsychosocial" client modify external stimuli,
adaptation will occur
evidence-based practice -Correct Answer in nursing is a problem solving approach to making clinical
decisions using the best evidence available
PICOT format -Correct Answer Patient population
Intervention or issue of interest
Comparison intervention
Outcome
Time frame
holistic health care -Correct Answer care that addresses the many dimensions that comprise the
whole person- the nurse must understand and respect each persons own definition of health and
responses to illness
acute illness -Correct Answer has a rapid onset of symptoms and lasts only a relatively short time
chronic illness -Correct Answer irreversible illness that causes permanent physical impairment and
requires long-term health care
chronic disease -Correct Answer heart disease, stroke, cancer, type 2 diabetes, obesity, arthritis
Illness Behaviors -Correct Answer actions taken by a person who feels sick and indulges in the
behavior for the purpose of defining the state of his or her health and for discovering suitable
remedies
Elaborated Answers// 100% Pass// 2026 Update
advocate -Correct Answer the protection of human or legal rights and the securing of care for all
patients based on the belief that patients have the right to make informed decisions about their
health and lives
caregiver -Correct Answer The provision of care to patients that combines both the art and the
science of nursing in meeting physical, emotional, intellectual, sociocultural, and spiritual needs. As a
caregiver, the nurse integrates the roles of communicator, teacher, counselor, leader, researcher,
advocate, and collaborator to promote wellness through activities that prevent illness, restore
health, and facilitate coping with disability or death. The role of caregiver is the primary role of the
nurse.
4 Nursing Aims -Correct Answer 1. promotes health
2. prevent illness/disease
3. restore health
4. facilitate coping with disability or death(die with dignity)
Florence Nightingale -Correct Answer Established sanitary nursing care units. Founder of modern
nursing. began professional education of nursing.
nursing profession criteria -Correct Answer well defined body of specific and unique knowledge
strong service oriented
recognized authority by a professional group
Code of Ethics
Professional organization that sets standards
Ongoing research
Autonomy and self-regulation
Standards of Nursing Practice -Correct Answer allow nurses to carry out professional roles, serving
as protection for the nurse, the patient, and the institution where health care is provided
,Nurse Practice Act -Correct Answer laws established in each state in the US to regulate the practice
of nursing
Nursing Process -Correct Answer Assessment
Diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
Used by the nurse to identify the patients health care needs and strengths, to establish and carry out
a care plan to meet those needs, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the plan
Sources of Knowledge -Correct Answer Traditional-passed down from generation to generation
Authoritative-comes from an expert
Scientific-implying through research (scientific method)
General Systems Theory -Correct Answer how to break whole things into parts and then to learn
how the parts work together in systems
Adaptation Theory -Correct Answer defines adaptation as the adjustment of living matter to other
living things and to environmental conditions
developmental theory -Correct Answer process of growth and development of humans as orderly
and predictable, beginning with conception and ending with death
nursing theory -Correct Answer differentiates nursing from other disciplines and activities by
serving the purposes of describing, explaining, predicting, and controlling desired outcomes of
nursing care practices
deductive reasoning -Correct Answer general to specific
inductive reasoning -Correct Answer specific to general
Common Concepts in Nursing Theories -Correct Answer Person (patient)
, Environment
Health
Nursing
Sister Callista Roy -Correct Answer Nursing interventions are needed when individuals demonstrate
ineffective adaptive responses; adaptive modes. adaptation model, relationships between persons,
universe, god, Adaptation model: assistance with the adaptation to stressors to facilitate the
integration process of the client. Theory helps the "biospsychosocial" client modify external stimuli,
adaptation will occur
evidence-based practice -Correct Answer in nursing is a problem solving approach to making clinical
decisions using the best evidence available
PICOT format -Correct Answer Patient population
Intervention or issue of interest
Comparison intervention
Outcome
Time frame
holistic health care -Correct Answer care that addresses the many dimensions that comprise the
whole person- the nurse must understand and respect each persons own definition of health and
responses to illness
acute illness -Correct Answer has a rapid onset of symptoms and lasts only a relatively short time
chronic illness -Correct Answer irreversible illness that causes permanent physical impairment and
requires long-term health care
chronic disease -Correct Answer heart disease, stroke, cancer, type 2 diabetes, obesity, arthritis
Illness Behaviors -Correct Answer actions taken by a person who feels sick and indulges in the
behavior for the purpose of defining the state of his or her health and for discovering suitable
remedies
