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NURS 265 Test 4 Renal – Questions With Expert
Solutions
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Terms in this set (118)
Kidney's function filter waste products as well as needed body
materials (electrolytes from the blood) - necessary
items are returned to the blood through
reabsorption; this mechanism allows fine-tuning of
blood homeostasis, also helps regulate BP & acid-
base balance, produce erythropoietin for RBC
synthesis, and convert vitamin D to an active form.
GFR/ Glomerulus filtration Rate Depends majority on BP and blood flow, this
basically means how much urine your kidneys can
filter. Kidneys self-regulate to keep a constant GFR.
Average GFR 125ML/MIN
renal assessment hx of chronic health problems, a sudden onset of
HTN, Antibiotic use, Long term use of NSAIDS
(lowers renal function), diet, injuries, chemical,
traumas
How do the kidneys regulate BP? Aldosterone
The kidney metabolize? Vit D into its active form
Erythropoiesis stimulates bone marrow to produce RBCs, a
decrease/damage could cause anemia
,A sudden onset of what could indicate HTN
renal failure?
What could make the kidneys change renal obstruction, failure, stenosis
size?
Nephron "working unit" where urine is formed, about 1 million
per kidney
24 hour output of urine is typically 1500-2000ml/day
Acute Renal Failure Rapid decrease in kidney function leading to the
collection of wastes in the body. Three types:
prerenal, intrarenal, postrenal
Preener Acute Renal failure decrease blood flow to the kidneys. Causes: shock,
heart failure, Pulmonary Emboli, Anaphylaxis Sepsis
(illness, trauma, shock)
Internal Acute Renal failure Actual Hypoxic physical, chemical, damage. Causes:
nephritis, exposure to nephrotoxins, tubular necrosis,
renal vein stenosis, drugs, inflammation
Postrenal Acute Renal failure OBSTRUCTIONS
Acute renal failure vs Chronic (acute) sudden onset, lasts 2-4weeks (<3months), prognosis
is good for return of function with care. HIGH
mortality in some situations
Acute renal failure vs Chronic Gradual onset, permanent damage, fatal without
(Chronic) lifelong therapy or transplant
s&s of Chronic renal disease fatigue, weakness, cold all the time, SOB, swelling in
face, hands, or feet, n&v, loss of appetite, metallic
taste in mouth, distaste for meat, confusion, increase
potassium, increased bp, decreased GFR, increase in
BUN, CREATININE
, _______ is the leading cause of renal Diabetes
disease
Diabetes w/worsening kidney function Blood sugar will decrease and pts may think they are
becoming better. With kidney damage, insulin lasts
longer in the body and less is needed. Unfortunately
this usually means kidney disease has worsened.
Principles of dialysis remove wastes and excess water from the body.
Blood is diverted from the patient via a vascular
access to a dialyzer machine where it passes through
a semipermeable membrane, is cleansed an then
returned. Heparin will be administered. The bodys
buffer system is maintained.
Kidney function (phos &calcium) Decreased function will cause low calcium and high
phos., this will cause weak and brittle bones
Kidney function with age decreases: GFR, BLOOD FLOW, GLOMERULI. Urinary
retention, nocturia, enlarged prostate
most important serum lab test-- Renal Creatinine
Function
Normal creatinine level 0.5-1.5
24 hour creatinine VIP TESTING, pt teaching, keep on ice, place signs
phos foods dairy, dried beans, peas, nuts, lentils, cocoa, beer,
cola soft drinks
BUN reveals hydration, a high BUN could mean
dehydration, or, if paired with a high creatinine could
mean kidney damage
Uremia/Uremic Syndrome Buildup of urea/nitrogen wastes in the blood. The
kidneys have lost function to eliminate these and are
failing. (may indicate the need for dialysis)
payment. benefits now
NURS 265 Test 4 Renal – Questions With Expert
Solutions
Save Groups
Terms in this set (118)
Kidney's function filter waste products as well as needed body
materials (electrolytes from the blood) - necessary
items are returned to the blood through
reabsorption; this mechanism allows fine-tuning of
blood homeostasis, also helps regulate BP & acid-
base balance, produce erythropoietin for RBC
synthesis, and convert vitamin D to an active form.
GFR/ Glomerulus filtration Rate Depends majority on BP and blood flow, this
basically means how much urine your kidneys can
filter. Kidneys self-regulate to keep a constant GFR.
Average GFR 125ML/MIN
renal assessment hx of chronic health problems, a sudden onset of
HTN, Antibiotic use, Long term use of NSAIDS
(lowers renal function), diet, injuries, chemical,
traumas
How do the kidneys regulate BP? Aldosterone
The kidney metabolize? Vit D into its active form
Erythropoiesis stimulates bone marrow to produce RBCs, a
decrease/damage could cause anemia
,A sudden onset of what could indicate HTN
renal failure?
What could make the kidneys change renal obstruction, failure, stenosis
size?
Nephron "working unit" where urine is formed, about 1 million
per kidney
24 hour output of urine is typically 1500-2000ml/day
Acute Renal Failure Rapid decrease in kidney function leading to the
collection of wastes in the body. Three types:
prerenal, intrarenal, postrenal
Preener Acute Renal failure decrease blood flow to the kidneys. Causes: shock,
heart failure, Pulmonary Emboli, Anaphylaxis Sepsis
(illness, trauma, shock)
Internal Acute Renal failure Actual Hypoxic physical, chemical, damage. Causes:
nephritis, exposure to nephrotoxins, tubular necrosis,
renal vein stenosis, drugs, inflammation
Postrenal Acute Renal failure OBSTRUCTIONS
Acute renal failure vs Chronic (acute) sudden onset, lasts 2-4weeks (<3months), prognosis
is good for return of function with care. HIGH
mortality in some situations
Acute renal failure vs Chronic Gradual onset, permanent damage, fatal without
(Chronic) lifelong therapy or transplant
s&s of Chronic renal disease fatigue, weakness, cold all the time, SOB, swelling in
face, hands, or feet, n&v, loss of appetite, metallic
taste in mouth, distaste for meat, confusion, increase
potassium, increased bp, decreased GFR, increase in
BUN, CREATININE
, _______ is the leading cause of renal Diabetes
disease
Diabetes w/worsening kidney function Blood sugar will decrease and pts may think they are
becoming better. With kidney damage, insulin lasts
longer in the body and less is needed. Unfortunately
this usually means kidney disease has worsened.
Principles of dialysis remove wastes and excess water from the body.
Blood is diverted from the patient via a vascular
access to a dialyzer machine where it passes through
a semipermeable membrane, is cleansed an then
returned. Heparin will be administered. The bodys
buffer system is maintained.
Kidney function (phos &calcium) Decreased function will cause low calcium and high
phos., this will cause weak and brittle bones
Kidney function with age decreases: GFR, BLOOD FLOW, GLOMERULI. Urinary
retention, nocturia, enlarged prostate
most important serum lab test-- Renal Creatinine
Function
Normal creatinine level 0.5-1.5
24 hour creatinine VIP TESTING, pt teaching, keep on ice, place signs
phos foods dairy, dried beans, peas, nuts, lentils, cocoa, beer,
cola soft drinks
BUN reveals hydration, a high BUN could mean
dehydration, or, if paired with a high creatinine could
mean kidney damage
Uremia/Uremic Syndrome Buildup of urea/nitrogen wastes in the blood. The
kidneys have lost function to eliminate these and are
failing. (may indicate the need for dialysis)
