What is the correct position when performing a rectal/prostate exam? - ANSWER side-
lying position
When doing your prostate exam, what area are you palpating? - ANSWER Posterior
surface
What should a normal prostate feel like? - ANSWER Rubbery and smooth
How do you know that someone has rectal prolapse? - ANSWER When the patient is
experiencing sliding of the rectum, occurs during straining
What do external hemorrhoids look like? - ANSWER small masses that are pink/red and
beefy.
....If it's purple/really dark in color; that is a concern for a thrombus or necrotic tissue and a
bad finding!!
What do internal hemorrhoids feel like? - ANSWER soft masses.
....Hard is a concern and a bad finding!
What are some causes of rectal bleeding? - ANSWER 1) Cancer - change in bowel habits,
pain, blood in stool.
2) hemorrhoid's
3) Constipation/straining
1
, 4) colitis/inflammation or infection of the bowel
5) Fissures
6) GI bleed
7) NSAIDS, aspirin (NOT TYLENOL)
8) Chrohn's
Constipation and hemorroids - ANSWER Small amounts of bright red blood
Intermittent or during straining
Symptoms: Pain, itching, bleeding
What color is the blood of a Lower GI bleed? - ANSWER Bright red
What color is the blood of an upper GI bleed? - ANSWER Dark red/tarry/melanotic
Sequence of musculoskeletal exam - ANSWER Inspect, Palpate, Passive/Active ROM, and
Joint Stability/Assess
-Stability tests; if your pt has knee pain and you're concerned about an ACL tear, you'll do
stability testing and load joint to see if joint is stable
Normal musculoskeletal changes in aging - ANSWER decreased ROM, joint pain, stiffness,
increased risk of osteoarthritis, increased bone reabsorption—this can cause instability
What is the best way to assess for joint symmetry? - ANSWER inspection by comparing
joint from one side to the other
2
lying position
When doing your prostate exam, what area are you palpating? - ANSWER Posterior
surface
What should a normal prostate feel like? - ANSWER Rubbery and smooth
How do you know that someone has rectal prolapse? - ANSWER When the patient is
experiencing sliding of the rectum, occurs during straining
What do external hemorrhoids look like? - ANSWER small masses that are pink/red and
beefy.
....If it's purple/really dark in color; that is a concern for a thrombus or necrotic tissue and a
bad finding!!
What do internal hemorrhoids feel like? - ANSWER soft masses.
....Hard is a concern and a bad finding!
What are some causes of rectal bleeding? - ANSWER 1) Cancer - change in bowel habits,
pain, blood in stool.
2) hemorrhoid's
3) Constipation/straining
1
, 4) colitis/inflammation or infection of the bowel
5) Fissures
6) GI bleed
7) NSAIDS, aspirin (NOT TYLENOL)
8) Chrohn's
Constipation and hemorroids - ANSWER Small amounts of bright red blood
Intermittent or during straining
Symptoms: Pain, itching, bleeding
What color is the blood of a Lower GI bleed? - ANSWER Bright red
What color is the blood of an upper GI bleed? - ANSWER Dark red/tarry/melanotic
Sequence of musculoskeletal exam - ANSWER Inspect, Palpate, Passive/Active ROM, and
Joint Stability/Assess
-Stability tests; if your pt has knee pain and you're concerned about an ACL tear, you'll do
stability testing and load joint to see if joint is stable
Normal musculoskeletal changes in aging - ANSWER decreased ROM, joint pain, stiffness,
increased risk of osteoarthritis, increased bone reabsorption—this can cause instability
What is the best way to assess for joint symmetry? - ANSWER inspection by comparing
joint from one side to the other
2
