Summary Engineering Geology 214 - Sedimentary Rocks

These notes provide a detailed introduction to sedimentary rocks, explaining how sediments are transformed into solid rock through diagenesis, compaction, and cementation. Topics Covered: - Formation of sedimentary rocks through lithification and diagenesis - Differences between clastic (detrital) and chemical sedimentary rocks - Grain-size classification: gravel, sand, silt, and clay - Coarse-grained sedimentary rocks including breccia, conglomerate, and diamictite - Sandstone varieties such as quartz arenite, arkose, lithic sandstone, and greywacke - Fine-grained sedimentary rocks including siltstone, mudstone, shale, and claystone - Mineral composition and its role in determining sediment maturity - Grain shape, angularity, sphericity, and sorting as indicators of transport history - Interpretation of depositional environments using texture and composition.