KAPLAN PHARMACOLOGY INTEGRATED
EXAM |ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS|GRADED A+
Question 1
The nurse cares for a client diagnosed with type 1 Diabetes mellitus. The nurse
instructs the client to administer rapid-acting insulin. Which client statements indicate
understanding of the teaching ?
Correct Answer
I know that insulin is most rapidly absorbed from my abdominal tissue.
I will inject the insulin within 15 minutes of eating.
I will monitor my blood glucose levels when I am sick.
I will keep my insulin in the refrigerator after I open the vial.
Question 2
The nurse cares for a pregnant client. The client is HIV positive. Which medication
taken during pregnancy decreases transmission of HIV infection from the mother to
the fetus?
Correct Answer
Zidovudine
Zidovudine (also known as AZT) is used together with other medicines for the
treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. HIV is the virus that
causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Zidovudine is used to slow
the progression of disease in patients infected with HIV who have advanced
symptoms, early symptoms, or no symptoms at all. This medicine is also used to
help prevent pregnant women who have HIV from passing the virus to their babies
during pregnancy and at birth.
Zidovudine will not cure or prevent HIV infection or AIDS, however, it helps keep
HIV from reproducing and appears to slow down the destruction of the immune
system. This may help delay the development of problems that usually result from
AIDS or HIV disease. Zidovudine will not keep you from spreading HIV to other
people. People who receive this medicine may continue to have the problems
usually related to AIDS or HIV disease.
Page 1 of 44
,Question 3
A client receives 20 mEq of potassium chloride added to 1000 mL of 0.9% saline.
Which assessment does the nurse make first?
Correct Answer
Urine output
Potassium chloride is a potassium salt used to treat hypokalemia. A white crystal or
crystalline powder used as an electrolyte replenisher, in the treatment of
hypokalemia, in buffer solutions, and in fertilizers and explosives.
Question 4
A client is to have timolol 0.25% 1 drop in each eye twice daily. The nurse instructs the
client to self-administer the eye drops. Which client assessment indicates a need for
further instruction?
Correct Answer
"After I put the eye drops in my eye, I should put pressure on the outside corner of
my eye."
Question 5
A client is diagnosed with thrombophlebitis. The client receives heparin sodium IV.
Which is the most appropriate laboratory test for the nurse to monitor?
Correct Answer
Activated partial thromboplastin time
Page 2 of 44
,Question 6
A school-aged child is to receive 1.2 million units of penicillin G potassium IV daily.
The medication is divided and given every 6 hours. The medication vial contains
300,000 units/mL. How many mL does the nurse minister per dose?
Correct Answer
1 mL
Penicillins are used to treat infections caused by bacteria. They work by killing
bacteria or preventing their growth. There are several different kinds of penicillins.
Each is used to treat different kinds of infections. Penicillin is commonly used to
treat a variety of bacterial infections, including meningitis, pneumonia, gonorrhea,
syphilis, and endocarditis.
Page 3 of 44
, Question 7
The nurse instructs a client about taking 500 mg metformin PO daily. Which client
statement indicates a need for further teaching ?
Correct Answer
"I will take this medication on an empty stomach."
Metformin is used to treat high blood sugar levels that are caused by a type of
diabetes mellitus or sugar diabetes called type 2 diabetes. With this type of
diabetes, insulin produced by the pancreas is not able to get sugar into the cells of
the body where it can work properly. Using metformin alone, with a type of oral
antidiabetic medicine called a sulfonylurea, or with insulin, will help to lower blood
sugar when it is too high and help restore the way you use food to make energy.
Many people can control type 2 diabetes with diet and exercise. Following a
specially planned diet and exercise will always be important when you have
diabetes, even when you are taking medicines. To work properly, the amount of
metformin you take must be balanced against the amount and type of food you eat
and the amount of exercise you do. If you change your diet or exercise, you will
want to test your blood sugar to find out if it is too low. Your doctor will teach you
what to do if this happens.
Metformin does not help patients who have insulin-dependent or type 1 diabetes
because they cannot produce insulin from their pancreas gland. Their blood glucose
is best controlled by insulin injections.
proper use
Carefully follow the special meal plan your doctor gave you. This is a very important
part of controlling your condition, and is necessary if the medicine is to work
properly. Also, exercise regularly and test for sugar in your blood or urine as
directed.
Metformin should be taken with meals to help reduce stomach or bowel side effects
that may occur during the first few weeks of treatment.
Swallow the tablet or extended-release tablet whole with a full glass of water. Do
not crush, break, or chew it.
While taking the extended-release tablet, part of the tablet may pass into your
Question 8
The nurse administers an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor to a client. Which
assessment data indicates an adverse effect of he medication ?
Correct Answer
A dry, annoying cough
Page 4 of 44
EXAM |ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS|GRADED A+
Question 1
The nurse cares for a client diagnosed with type 1 Diabetes mellitus. The nurse
instructs the client to administer rapid-acting insulin. Which client statements indicate
understanding of the teaching ?
Correct Answer
I know that insulin is most rapidly absorbed from my abdominal tissue.
I will inject the insulin within 15 minutes of eating.
I will monitor my blood glucose levels when I am sick.
I will keep my insulin in the refrigerator after I open the vial.
Question 2
The nurse cares for a pregnant client. The client is HIV positive. Which medication
taken during pregnancy decreases transmission of HIV infection from the mother to
the fetus?
Correct Answer
Zidovudine
Zidovudine (also known as AZT) is used together with other medicines for the
treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. HIV is the virus that
causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Zidovudine is used to slow
the progression of disease in patients infected with HIV who have advanced
symptoms, early symptoms, or no symptoms at all. This medicine is also used to
help prevent pregnant women who have HIV from passing the virus to their babies
during pregnancy and at birth.
Zidovudine will not cure or prevent HIV infection or AIDS, however, it helps keep
HIV from reproducing and appears to slow down the destruction of the immune
system. This may help delay the development of problems that usually result from
AIDS or HIV disease. Zidovudine will not keep you from spreading HIV to other
people. People who receive this medicine may continue to have the problems
usually related to AIDS or HIV disease.
Page 1 of 44
,Question 3
A client receives 20 mEq of potassium chloride added to 1000 mL of 0.9% saline.
Which assessment does the nurse make first?
Correct Answer
Urine output
Potassium chloride is a potassium salt used to treat hypokalemia. A white crystal or
crystalline powder used as an electrolyte replenisher, in the treatment of
hypokalemia, in buffer solutions, and in fertilizers and explosives.
Question 4
A client is to have timolol 0.25% 1 drop in each eye twice daily. The nurse instructs the
client to self-administer the eye drops. Which client assessment indicates a need for
further instruction?
Correct Answer
"After I put the eye drops in my eye, I should put pressure on the outside corner of
my eye."
Question 5
A client is diagnosed with thrombophlebitis. The client receives heparin sodium IV.
Which is the most appropriate laboratory test for the nurse to monitor?
Correct Answer
Activated partial thromboplastin time
Page 2 of 44
,Question 6
A school-aged child is to receive 1.2 million units of penicillin G potassium IV daily.
The medication is divided and given every 6 hours. The medication vial contains
300,000 units/mL. How many mL does the nurse minister per dose?
Correct Answer
1 mL
Penicillins are used to treat infections caused by bacteria. They work by killing
bacteria or preventing their growth. There are several different kinds of penicillins.
Each is used to treat different kinds of infections. Penicillin is commonly used to
treat a variety of bacterial infections, including meningitis, pneumonia, gonorrhea,
syphilis, and endocarditis.
Page 3 of 44
, Question 7
The nurse instructs a client about taking 500 mg metformin PO daily. Which client
statement indicates a need for further teaching ?
Correct Answer
"I will take this medication on an empty stomach."
Metformin is used to treat high blood sugar levels that are caused by a type of
diabetes mellitus or sugar diabetes called type 2 diabetes. With this type of
diabetes, insulin produced by the pancreas is not able to get sugar into the cells of
the body where it can work properly. Using metformin alone, with a type of oral
antidiabetic medicine called a sulfonylurea, or with insulin, will help to lower blood
sugar when it is too high and help restore the way you use food to make energy.
Many people can control type 2 diabetes with diet and exercise. Following a
specially planned diet and exercise will always be important when you have
diabetes, even when you are taking medicines. To work properly, the amount of
metformin you take must be balanced against the amount and type of food you eat
and the amount of exercise you do. If you change your diet or exercise, you will
want to test your blood sugar to find out if it is too low. Your doctor will teach you
what to do if this happens.
Metformin does not help patients who have insulin-dependent or type 1 diabetes
because they cannot produce insulin from their pancreas gland. Their blood glucose
is best controlled by insulin injections.
proper use
Carefully follow the special meal plan your doctor gave you. This is a very important
part of controlling your condition, and is necessary if the medicine is to work
properly. Also, exercise regularly and test for sugar in your blood or urine as
directed.
Metformin should be taken with meals to help reduce stomach or bowel side effects
that may occur during the first few weeks of treatment.
Swallow the tablet or extended-release tablet whole with a full glass of water. Do
not crush, break, or chew it.
While taking the extended-release tablet, part of the tablet may pass into your
Question 8
The nurse administers an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor to a client. Which
assessment data indicates an adverse effect of he medication ?
Correct Answer
A dry, annoying cough
Page 4 of 44
