TCCC TIER 2 COMBAT LIFESAVER REVIEW
SCRIPT 2026 FULL ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ What is the resuscitation fluids of choice for casualties in a
hemorrhagic shock (most to least preferred)? (TFC #2)
Answer: whole blood, plasma, red blood cells (RBCs), platelets in a
1:1:1 ratio, plasma and RBCs in a 1:1 ratio, plasma or RBCs alone,
Hextend, crystalloid (Lactated Ringer's or Plasma-Lyte A)
⩥ What do you do if the casualty is in shock and blood products are
available? (TFC #2)
Answer: - resuscitate with whole blood, or, if not available
- plasma, RBCs and platelets in a 1:1:1 ratio, or if not available
- plasma and RBCs in a 1:1 ratio, or if not available
- reconstituted dried plasma, liquid plasma, or thawed plasma alone or
RBCs alone
- reassess the casualty after each unit, continue resuscitation until a
palpable radial pulse, improved mental status or systolic BP of 80-90 is
present
⩥ What do you do if the casualty is in shock and blood products are
NOT available? (TFC #2)
Answer: - resuscitate with Hextend, or if not available
- Lactated Ringer's or Plasma-Lyte A
,- reassess the casualty after each 500 ml IV bolus
- continue resuscitation until a palpable radial pulse, improved mental
status, or systolic BP of 80-90 mmHG is present
- discontinue fluid administration when one or more of the above end
points has been achived
- if a casualty with an altered mental status due to suspected TBI has a
weak/absent radio pulse, resuscitate. If BP monitoring is avail, maintain
a target systolic BP of at least 90 mmHg
- reassess casualty frequently to check for recurrence of shock
⩥ What is shock? (TFC #2)
Answer: caused by insufficient blood flow to body tissues
- results in inadequate oxygen delivery and cellular dysfunction
- can lead to death
- caused by severe blood loss (if on battlefield)
- hemorrhagic shock is the leading cause of preventable death on the
battlefield
⩥ What is the normal adult blood volume? (TFC #2)
Answer: 5 liters
⩥ What happens to the mental state, radial pulse, heart rate, systolic
blood pressure, and respiratory rate of a casualty who lost 500 ml of
blood? (TFC #2)
,Answer: mental state: alert
radial pulse: full
heart rate: normal or slightly increased
systolic blood pressure: normal
respiratory rate: normal
casualty WILL NOT die
⩥ What happens to the mental state, radial pulse, heart rate, systolic
blood pressure, and respiratory rate of a casualty who lost 1000 ml of
blood? (TFC #2)
Answer: mental state: alert
radial pulse: full
heart rate: 100+
systolic blood pressure: normal lying down
respiratory rate: may be normal
casualty WILL NOT die
⩥ What happens to the mental state, radial pulse, heart rate, systolic
blood pressure, and respiratory rate of a casualty who lost 1500 ml of
blood? (TFC #2)
Answer: mental state: alert but anxious
, radial pulse: may be weak
heart rate: 100+
systolic blood pressure: may be decreased
respiratory rate: 30
casualty MIGHT NOT die
⩥ What happens to the mental state, radial pulse, heart rate, systolic
blood pressure, and respiratory rate of a casualty who lost 2000 ml of
blood? (TFC #2)
Answer: mental state: confused/lethargic
radial pulse: weak
heart rate: 120+
systolic blood pressure: decreased
respiratory rate: >35
casualty MIGHT die
⩥ What happens to the mental state, radial pulse, heart rate, systolic
blood pressure, and respiratory rate of a casualty who lost 2500 ml of
blood? (TFC #2)
Answer: mental state: unconscious
radial pulse: absent
SCRIPT 2026 FULL ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ What is the resuscitation fluids of choice for casualties in a
hemorrhagic shock (most to least preferred)? (TFC #2)
Answer: whole blood, plasma, red blood cells (RBCs), platelets in a
1:1:1 ratio, plasma and RBCs in a 1:1 ratio, plasma or RBCs alone,
Hextend, crystalloid (Lactated Ringer's or Plasma-Lyte A)
⩥ What do you do if the casualty is in shock and blood products are
available? (TFC #2)
Answer: - resuscitate with whole blood, or, if not available
- plasma, RBCs and platelets in a 1:1:1 ratio, or if not available
- plasma and RBCs in a 1:1 ratio, or if not available
- reconstituted dried plasma, liquid plasma, or thawed plasma alone or
RBCs alone
- reassess the casualty after each unit, continue resuscitation until a
palpable radial pulse, improved mental status or systolic BP of 80-90 is
present
⩥ What do you do if the casualty is in shock and blood products are
NOT available? (TFC #2)
Answer: - resuscitate with Hextend, or if not available
- Lactated Ringer's or Plasma-Lyte A
,- reassess the casualty after each 500 ml IV bolus
- continue resuscitation until a palpable radial pulse, improved mental
status, or systolic BP of 80-90 mmHG is present
- discontinue fluid administration when one or more of the above end
points has been achived
- if a casualty with an altered mental status due to suspected TBI has a
weak/absent radio pulse, resuscitate. If BP monitoring is avail, maintain
a target systolic BP of at least 90 mmHg
- reassess casualty frequently to check for recurrence of shock
⩥ What is shock? (TFC #2)
Answer: caused by insufficient blood flow to body tissues
- results in inadequate oxygen delivery and cellular dysfunction
- can lead to death
- caused by severe blood loss (if on battlefield)
- hemorrhagic shock is the leading cause of preventable death on the
battlefield
⩥ What is the normal adult blood volume? (TFC #2)
Answer: 5 liters
⩥ What happens to the mental state, radial pulse, heart rate, systolic
blood pressure, and respiratory rate of a casualty who lost 500 ml of
blood? (TFC #2)
,Answer: mental state: alert
radial pulse: full
heart rate: normal or slightly increased
systolic blood pressure: normal
respiratory rate: normal
casualty WILL NOT die
⩥ What happens to the mental state, radial pulse, heart rate, systolic
blood pressure, and respiratory rate of a casualty who lost 1000 ml of
blood? (TFC #2)
Answer: mental state: alert
radial pulse: full
heart rate: 100+
systolic blood pressure: normal lying down
respiratory rate: may be normal
casualty WILL NOT die
⩥ What happens to the mental state, radial pulse, heart rate, systolic
blood pressure, and respiratory rate of a casualty who lost 1500 ml of
blood? (TFC #2)
Answer: mental state: alert but anxious
, radial pulse: may be weak
heart rate: 100+
systolic blood pressure: may be decreased
respiratory rate: 30
casualty MIGHT NOT die
⩥ What happens to the mental state, radial pulse, heart rate, systolic
blood pressure, and respiratory rate of a casualty who lost 2000 ml of
blood? (TFC #2)
Answer: mental state: confused/lethargic
radial pulse: weak
heart rate: 120+
systolic blood pressure: decreased
respiratory rate: >35
casualty MIGHT die
⩥ What happens to the mental state, radial pulse, heart rate, systolic
blood pressure, and respiratory rate of a casualty who lost 2500 ml of
blood? (TFC #2)
Answer: mental state: unconscious
radial pulse: absent
