NUR 198 exam1 -QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS | 2026 UPDATE
What age is considered old age?
65 years and older
What are some health promotion efforts for older adults?
Health screenings, Medicare, exercise, diet, vaccines, regular visits
What age-related change affects skin?
Decreased skin elasticity
What should be monitored due to decreased renal blood flow in older adults?
BUN and creatinine levels
How does aging affect heart rate variability?
It reduces heart rate variability
What is a consequence of decreased chest wall compliance in older adults?
Inability to take deep breaths, leading to decreased gas exchange efficiency
What happens to nerve conduction velocity with age?
It decreases, leading to slower reactions and increased fall risk
What gastrointestinal changes occur in older adults?
Decreased motility, leading to constipation and slower digestion
What is the impact of aging on bone density?
,Decreased bone density increases the risk for fractures and osteoporosis
What nutrients should older adults increase for bone health?
Calcium and vitamin D
How does caloric requirement change in older adults?
They generally require fewer calories due to a decrease in basal metabolic rate
What mental health disorder is common in older adults?
Depression
What is the difference between delirium and dementia?
Delirium is usually reversible; dementia is progressive and irreversible
What is sundowning in older adults?
Increased confusion and agitation in the evening, requiring a structured routine
What is ageism?
Discrimination based on age, often leading to negative societal images of aging
What are common stressors for older adults?
Loss of income, physical function impairment, and death of significant others
What types of elder abuse exist?
Physical, emotional, sexual, financial exploitation, and neglect
What is the nurse's role regarding elder abuse?
, Nurses are mandatory reporters of suspected elder abuse
What is polypharmacy?
The simultaneous use of multiple medications, common in older adults
What is Beers Criteria?
A list of medications that are more likely to cause adverse reactions in the elderly
What should be considered when prescribing medications to older adults?
Aging changes alter pharmacokinetics and may require dosage adjustments
What is a chronic disease?
Medical problems associated with long-term management, also known as non-communicable
diseases
What are some leading chronic diseases in the U.S.?
Heart disease, cancer, chronic lung disease, stroke, Alzheimer's, diabetes
What factors contribute to chronic disease prevalence?
Lifestyle factors like obesity, smoking, diet, physical inactivity, and excessive alcohol use
What are social determinants of health?
Factors like education access, healthcare quality, and economic stability that affect health
outcomes
What is the role of nurses in managing chronic conditions?
Providing education, supporting self-management, and collaborating with healthcare providers
SOLUTIONS | 2026 UPDATE
What age is considered old age?
65 years and older
What are some health promotion efforts for older adults?
Health screenings, Medicare, exercise, diet, vaccines, regular visits
What age-related change affects skin?
Decreased skin elasticity
What should be monitored due to decreased renal blood flow in older adults?
BUN and creatinine levels
How does aging affect heart rate variability?
It reduces heart rate variability
What is a consequence of decreased chest wall compliance in older adults?
Inability to take deep breaths, leading to decreased gas exchange efficiency
What happens to nerve conduction velocity with age?
It decreases, leading to slower reactions and increased fall risk
What gastrointestinal changes occur in older adults?
Decreased motility, leading to constipation and slower digestion
What is the impact of aging on bone density?
,Decreased bone density increases the risk for fractures and osteoporosis
What nutrients should older adults increase for bone health?
Calcium and vitamin D
How does caloric requirement change in older adults?
They generally require fewer calories due to a decrease in basal metabolic rate
What mental health disorder is common in older adults?
Depression
What is the difference between delirium and dementia?
Delirium is usually reversible; dementia is progressive and irreversible
What is sundowning in older adults?
Increased confusion and agitation in the evening, requiring a structured routine
What is ageism?
Discrimination based on age, often leading to negative societal images of aging
What are common stressors for older adults?
Loss of income, physical function impairment, and death of significant others
What types of elder abuse exist?
Physical, emotional, sexual, financial exploitation, and neglect
What is the nurse's role regarding elder abuse?
, Nurses are mandatory reporters of suspected elder abuse
What is polypharmacy?
The simultaneous use of multiple medications, common in older adults
What is Beers Criteria?
A list of medications that are more likely to cause adverse reactions in the elderly
What should be considered when prescribing medications to older adults?
Aging changes alter pharmacokinetics and may require dosage adjustments
What is a chronic disease?
Medical problems associated with long-term management, also known as non-communicable
diseases
What are some leading chronic diseases in the U.S.?
Heart disease, cancer, chronic lung disease, stroke, Alzheimer's, diabetes
What factors contribute to chronic disease prevalence?
Lifestyle factors like obesity, smoking, diet, physical inactivity, and excessive alcohol use
What are social determinants of health?
Factors like education access, healthcare quality, and economic stability that affect health
outcomes
What is the role of nurses in managing chronic conditions?
Providing education, supporting self-management, and collaborating with healthcare providers
