BIO 131 Root Development Quizzes Latest 2026
With Answers
Radicle
Embryonic root that emerges from seed coat during seed germination
Primary root
Main downward growing root, directly originates from embryonic root
Lateral roots
Multicellular branches of primary root, increases area for absorption
Root hairs
Unicellular extensions of root epidermis, site of water uptake from soil
Zone of division
Region of root wherein new cells are formed by the apical meristem
Zone of elongation
Region of root wherein undifferentiated cells grow and expand
Zone of maturation/differentiation
Region of root wherein cells take specialized fates, root hairs present
bipolar
The RAM is ________ as it produces cells both proximally and distally
Root cap
, Structure formed by distal RAM derivatives to protect RAM in soil
Exarch
Direction of xylem maturation in roots
Indeterminate growth
Exhibited by root causing all developmental stages to present at once
Pericycle
Outermost layer of vascular cylinder, site of initiation for lateral roots
Endodermis
Innermost layer of cortex, regulates water flow by blocking apoplast
Quiescent center
Central cluster of mitotically inactive cells, act as stem cell reservoir
Columella
Central portion of root cap that direct downward growth of root
Statocyte, statoliths
__________ cells in the columella contain ____________ (starch-filled plastids) that accumulate
at the bottom of cells to induce positive gravitropism
Lateral root cap
Outer portion of root cap that protect root tip as it digs through soil
Cortical/endodermal, lateral root cap/epidermal
With Answers
Radicle
Embryonic root that emerges from seed coat during seed germination
Primary root
Main downward growing root, directly originates from embryonic root
Lateral roots
Multicellular branches of primary root, increases area for absorption
Root hairs
Unicellular extensions of root epidermis, site of water uptake from soil
Zone of division
Region of root wherein new cells are formed by the apical meristem
Zone of elongation
Region of root wherein undifferentiated cells grow and expand
Zone of maturation/differentiation
Region of root wherein cells take specialized fates, root hairs present
bipolar
The RAM is ________ as it produces cells both proximally and distally
Root cap
, Structure formed by distal RAM derivatives to protect RAM in soil
Exarch
Direction of xylem maturation in roots
Indeterminate growth
Exhibited by root causing all developmental stages to present at once
Pericycle
Outermost layer of vascular cylinder, site of initiation for lateral roots
Endodermis
Innermost layer of cortex, regulates water flow by blocking apoplast
Quiescent center
Central cluster of mitotically inactive cells, act as stem cell reservoir
Columella
Central portion of root cap that direct downward growth of root
Statocyte, statoliths
__________ cells in the columella contain ____________ (starch-filled plastids) that accumulate
at the bottom of cells to induce positive gravitropism
Lateral root cap
Outer portion of root cap that protect root tip as it digs through soil
Cortical/endodermal, lateral root cap/epidermal
