BIO 252 ACTUAL EXAM PAPER 2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ PNS.
Answer: Cranial and spinal nerves; carries sensory input to CNS and
motor output away
◉ Afferent division.
Answer: Sensory; carries information toward CNS
◉ Efferent division.
Answer: Motor; carries commands away from CNS
◉ Somatic nervous system.
Answer: Controls skeletal muscle (voluntary)
◉ Autonomic nervous system.
Answer: Controls cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, glands
(involuntary)
,◉ Sympathetic division.
Answer: Fight or flight; mobilizes energy
◉ Parasympathetic division.
Answer: Rest and digest; conserves energy
◉ Nissl bodies.
Answer: Rough ER + ribosomes in soma/dendrites; protein
synthesis
◉ Trigger zone.
Answer: Axon hillock + initial segment; where action potential
begins
◉ Anterograde transport.
Answer: Kinesin; soma to synaptic terminal
◉ Retrograde transport.
Answer: Dynein; terminal to soma
◉ Multipolar neuron.
,Answer: Many dendrites + one axon; most common;
motor/interneurons
◉ Bipolar neuron.
Answer: One dendrite + one axon; special senses
◉ Unipolar neuron.
Answer: Single process splits; sensory neurons in PNS
◉ Interneuron.
Answer: Found entirely in CNS; connects sensory to motor neurons
◉ Astrocyte.
Answer: Maintains BBB; regulates ions; structural support; scar
formation
◉ Oligodendrocyte.
Answer: Forms myelin in CNS; one cell myelinates multiple axons
◉ Schwann cell.
Answer: Forms myelin in PNS; one cell per segment
, ◉ Microglia.
Answer: Immune defense cells of CNS
◉ Satellite cells.
Answer: Support neuron cell bodies in PNS ganglia
◉ Myelinated axon.
Answer: Faster conduction; saltatory conduction
◉ Unmyelinated axon.
Answer: Slower; continuous conduction
◉ Node of Ranvier.
Answer: Gap between myelin; site of AP regeneration
◉ Resting membrane potential.
Answer: ~ −70 mV; inside negative
◉ Threshold.
Answer: ~ −55 mV; minimum to trigger AP
◉ Depolarization.
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ PNS.
Answer: Cranial and spinal nerves; carries sensory input to CNS and
motor output away
◉ Afferent division.
Answer: Sensory; carries information toward CNS
◉ Efferent division.
Answer: Motor; carries commands away from CNS
◉ Somatic nervous system.
Answer: Controls skeletal muscle (voluntary)
◉ Autonomic nervous system.
Answer: Controls cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, glands
(involuntary)
,◉ Sympathetic division.
Answer: Fight or flight; mobilizes energy
◉ Parasympathetic division.
Answer: Rest and digest; conserves energy
◉ Nissl bodies.
Answer: Rough ER + ribosomes in soma/dendrites; protein
synthesis
◉ Trigger zone.
Answer: Axon hillock + initial segment; where action potential
begins
◉ Anterograde transport.
Answer: Kinesin; soma to synaptic terminal
◉ Retrograde transport.
Answer: Dynein; terminal to soma
◉ Multipolar neuron.
,Answer: Many dendrites + one axon; most common;
motor/interneurons
◉ Bipolar neuron.
Answer: One dendrite + one axon; special senses
◉ Unipolar neuron.
Answer: Single process splits; sensory neurons in PNS
◉ Interneuron.
Answer: Found entirely in CNS; connects sensory to motor neurons
◉ Astrocyte.
Answer: Maintains BBB; regulates ions; structural support; scar
formation
◉ Oligodendrocyte.
Answer: Forms myelin in CNS; one cell myelinates multiple axons
◉ Schwann cell.
Answer: Forms myelin in PNS; one cell per segment
, ◉ Microglia.
Answer: Immune defense cells of CNS
◉ Satellite cells.
Answer: Support neuron cell bodies in PNS ganglia
◉ Myelinated axon.
Answer: Faster conduction; saltatory conduction
◉ Unmyelinated axon.
Answer: Slower; continuous conduction
◉ Node of Ranvier.
Answer: Gap between myelin; site of AP regeneration
◉ Resting membrane potential.
Answer: ~ −70 mV; inside negative
◉ Threshold.
Answer: ~ −55 mV; minimum to trigger AP
◉ Depolarization.
