GENETICS AND GENOMICS IN NURSING AND
HEALTH CARE FINAL EXAM PAPER 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS ANSWERS PREMIUM
SCRIPT
◉ What is the role of nurses in patient empowerment regarding
genetic information?
Answer: Help patients understand hereditary risks and create
supportive environments for decision-making.
◉ What is the difference between genetics and genomics?
Answer: Genetics is the study of single genes and heredity, while
genomics studies all genes in the genome and their interactions.
◉ What are some ethical considerations nurses should reflect on in
genomic practice?
Answer: Cultural beliefs, attitudes toward disabilities, and rights
regarding genetic information.
◉ What is the significance of the Human Genome Project in nursing
practice?
Answer: It provided a roadmap to human DNA, facilitating genomic
integration in health care.
,◉ What has rapid genetic screening and testing led to?
Answer: Understanding of common disease mechanisms,
development of pharmacogenetics, biobanking, and preimplantation
diagnostics.
◉ What is a genotype?
Answer: A person's genetic makeup, consisting of approximately
25,000 genes.
◉ What is a phenotype?
Answer: Observable traits resulting from genotype and
environmental influences.
◉ What are alleles?
Answer: Different versions of a gene within a population.
◉ What does polymorphism refer to?
Answer: The existence of multiple alleles of a gene.
◉ What genetic mutations are associated with
hypercholesterolemia?
, Answer: Mutations in LDLR, APOB, LDLRAP1, and PCSK9 genes
affecting LDL metabolism.
◉ What is the phenotype of hypercholesterolemia?
Answer: High LDL levels, early heart disease, skin xanthomas, and
family history.
◉ What is the structure of DNA?
Answer: A double helix composed of a sugar-phosphate backbone
and nitrogenous base pairs: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C),
guanine (G).
◉ How many chromosomes do humans have?
Answer: 46 chromosomes, which include 22 pairs of autosomes and
1 pair of sex chromosomes.
◉ What are the two types of cell division?
Answer: Mitosis and meiosis.
◉ What is the outcome of mitosis?
Answer: Two diploid daughter cells, each with 46 chromosomes.
◉ What is the outcome of meiosis?
HEALTH CARE FINAL EXAM PAPER 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS ANSWERS PREMIUM
SCRIPT
◉ What is the role of nurses in patient empowerment regarding
genetic information?
Answer: Help patients understand hereditary risks and create
supportive environments for decision-making.
◉ What is the difference between genetics and genomics?
Answer: Genetics is the study of single genes and heredity, while
genomics studies all genes in the genome and their interactions.
◉ What are some ethical considerations nurses should reflect on in
genomic practice?
Answer: Cultural beliefs, attitudes toward disabilities, and rights
regarding genetic information.
◉ What is the significance of the Human Genome Project in nursing
practice?
Answer: It provided a roadmap to human DNA, facilitating genomic
integration in health care.
,◉ What has rapid genetic screening and testing led to?
Answer: Understanding of common disease mechanisms,
development of pharmacogenetics, biobanking, and preimplantation
diagnostics.
◉ What is a genotype?
Answer: A person's genetic makeup, consisting of approximately
25,000 genes.
◉ What is a phenotype?
Answer: Observable traits resulting from genotype and
environmental influences.
◉ What are alleles?
Answer: Different versions of a gene within a population.
◉ What does polymorphism refer to?
Answer: The existence of multiple alleles of a gene.
◉ What genetic mutations are associated with
hypercholesterolemia?
, Answer: Mutations in LDLR, APOB, LDLRAP1, and PCSK9 genes
affecting LDL metabolism.
◉ What is the phenotype of hypercholesterolemia?
Answer: High LDL levels, early heart disease, skin xanthomas, and
family history.
◉ What is the structure of DNA?
Answer: A double helix composed of a sugar-phosphate backbone
and nitrogenous base pairs: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C),
guanine (G).
◉ How many chromosomes do humans have?
Answer: 46 chromosomes, which include 22 pairs of autosomes and
1 pair of sex chromosomes.
◉ What are the two types of cell division?
Answer: Mitosis and meiosis.
◉ What is the outcome of mitosis?
Answer: Two diploid daughter cells, each with 46 chromosomes.
◉ What is the outcome of meiosis?
