COG200 FINAL REVIEW EXAMS QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS FIRM A+
✔✔What happens when the learning rate parameter alpha is decreased in the Q-
Learning algorithm?
a. Beta takes over.
b. The organism values future rewards less than immediate rewards.
c. The error signals become smaller.
d. The updates to the value function become smaller. - ✔✔d. The updates to the value
function become smaller.
✔✔Why do we need theories of cognitive architecture? - ✔✔Theories of cognitive
architecture address the problem of how the parts of the mind and brain work together
to produce cognition.
Cognitive architecture is a computational specification of structure of the brain that
explains how it achieves the function.
✔✔The EXPECTED VALUE of an option is:
a. The value of an option times the probability that the option will pay off.
b. The logarithmic transformation of the utility of the option.
c. What a person thinks they should receive if the option actually pays off. - ✔✔a. The
value of an option times the probability that the option will pay off.
✔✔A monkey has been extensively trained to press a button when a light turns on in
order to get juice. On the next trial, the light turns on, the monkey presses the button,
but the juice is withheld. Which of the following would you expect to see computed in
the monkey's brain?
a. A positive prediction error signal that indicates surprise.
b. A negative prediction error signal that indicates the observed state is worse than
expected.
c. A negative reward signal to indicate sadness and disappointment. - ✔✔b. A negative
prediction error signal that indicates the observed state is worse than expected.
✔✔Evolutionary psychologists Lila Cosmides and John Tooby believe which of the
following?
a. The mind consists of a single domain-general reasoning system.
b. Only peripheral perceptual systems are modular.
c. The mind is massively modular, it consists of numerous domain-specific mechanisms.
, d. The brain is modular but the mind is not. - ✔✔c. The mind is massively modular, it
consists of numerous domain-specific mechanisms.
✔✔The Lind Bankteller Story is an example of:
a. Conjunction fallacy
b. Base-rate fallacy
c. Similarity fallacy
d. Cognitive Bankruptcy - ✔✔a. Conjunction fallacy - The conjunction of Linda being a
bank teller and a feminist CAN NOT be more probable than her just being a bank teller.
✔✔A plausible explanation of the Linda Bankteller story result is that people are using
__________.
a. Representative Heuristic.
b. Utilitarian Reasoning.
c. Prospective Memory.
d. Bayes Rule. - ✔✔a. Representative Heuristic: A heuristic in which judgments of
probability are made on the basis assessments of similarity.
✔✔According to some evolutionary psychologists, why do people perform better on the
beer drinking version of the Wason card problem? (x and 7, drinking beer and 16 years
old) - ✔✔The beer-drinking version of the card problem triggers a "cheater detection
module" that reasons effectively about social contract rules. The standard Wason card
selection task is not concerned with social contract rules.
✔✔TRUE or FALSE - Emotions is the last area of cognitive science in which
computational/algorithmic approaches have not been applied. - ✔✔FALSE - Emotions
are being defined Algorithmically due to advances in cogsci.
✔✔Appraisal Programs are Concerned with:
a. Triggering appropriate fear responses.
b. Computing how the current situation stands in relation to goals and values.
c. Triggering changes in physiological and motoric states.
d. "System 2" interactions. - ✔✔b. Computing how the current situation stands in
relation to goals and values.
✔✔What is the difference between Appraisal and Effector Programs? - ✔✔Appraisal
asks how the situation stands in relation to goals and values, whereas the Effector
Program causes the changes in cognitive, physiological, motoric, and experiential
systems in response to the appraisal.
✔✔TRUE or FALSE:
ANSWERS FIRM A+
✔✔What happens when the learning rate parameter alpha is decreased in the Q-
Learning algorithm?
a. Beta takes over.
b. The organism values future rewards less than immediate rewards.
c. The error signals become smaller.
d. The updates to the value function become smaller. - ✔✔d. The updates to the value
function become smaller.
✔✔Why do we need theories of cognitive architecture? - ✔✔Theories of cognitive
architecture address the problem of how the parts of the mind and brain work together
to produce cognition.
Cognitive architecture is a computational specification of structure of the brain that
explains how it achieves the function.
✔✔The EXPECTED VALUE of an option is:
a. The value of an option times the probability that the option will pay off.
b. The logarithmic transformation of the utility of the option.
c. What a person thinks they should receive if the option actually pays off. - ✔✔a. The
value of an option times the probability that the option will pay off.
✔✔A monkey has been extensively trained to press a button when a light turns on in
order to get juice. On the next trial, the light turns on, the monkey presses the button,
but the juice is withheld. Which of the following would you expect to see computed in
the monkey's brain?
a. A positive prediction error signal that indicates surprise.
b. A negative prediction error signal that indicates the observed state is worse than
expected.
c. A negative reward signal to indicate sadness and disappointment. - ✔✔b. A negative
prediction error signal that indicates the observed state is worse than expected.
✔✔Evolutionary psychologists Lila Cosmides and John Tooby believe which of the
following?
a. The mind consists of a single domain-general reasoning system.
b. Only peripheral perceptual systems are modular.
c. The mind is massively modular, it consists of numerous domain-specific mechanisms.
, d. The brain is modular but the mind is not. - ✔✔c. The mind is massively modular, it
consists of numerous domain-specific mechanisms.
✔✔The Lind Bankteller Story is an example of:
a. Conjunction fallacy
b. Base-rate fallacy
c. Similarity fallacy
d. Cognitive Bankruptcy - ✔✔a. Conjunction fallacy - The conjunction of Linda being a
bank teller and a feminist CAN NOT be more probable than her just being a bank teller.
✔✔A plausible explanation of the Linda Bankteller story result is that people are using
__________.
a. Representative Heuristic.
b. Utilitarian Reasoning.
c. Prospective Memory.
d. Bayes Rule. - ✔✔a. Representative Heuristic: A heuristic in which judgments of
probability are made on the basis assessments of similarity.
✔✔According to some evolutionary psychologists, why do people perform better on the
beer drinking version of the Wason card problem? (x and 7, drinking beer and 16 years
old) - ✔✔The beer-drinking version of the card problem triggers a "cheater detection
module" that reasons effectively about social contract rules. The standard Wason card
selection task is not concerned with social contract rules.
✔✔TRUE or FALSE - Emotions is the last area of cognitive science in which
computational/algorithmic approaches have not been applied. - ✔✔FALSE - Emotions
are being defined Algorithmically due to advances in cogsci.
✔✔Appraisal Programs are Concerned with:
a. Triggering appropriate fear responses.
b. Computing how the current situation stands in relation to goals and values.
c. Triggering changes in physiological and motoric states.
d. "System 2" interactions. - ✔✔b. Computing how the current situation stands in
relation to goals and values.
✔✔What is the difference between Appraisal and Effector Programs? - ✔✔Appraisal
asks how the situation stands in relation to goals and values, whereas the Effector
Program causes the changes in cognitive, physiological, motoric, and experiential
systems in response to the appraisal.
✔✔TRUE or FALSE:
