NSC 209 Exam 2 || Solved Accurately 100%.
Alcohol slows the body's use of correct answers fat for fuel
Feasting correct answers more energy consumed than expended
Excess carbohydrates are first stored as __________. When these stores are full, this ______ is
then used for ______, displacing use of _____, so ______ is stored. correct answers glycogen
glycogen
energy
fat
fat
Alcohol yields how many kcals/gram? correct answers 7 kcal/g
When we consume carbohydrates, the excess glucose is stored as _______ in the _____ and
______. correct answers glycogen
liver
muscles
When we overconsume, our ____ cells ______.
In adulthood, the ______ get ______ in size.
In infancy, the _______ of cells ______. correct answers fat
enlarge
fat cells
larger
number
increases
Humans lay down the number of _____ cells they are going to have for their whole life in _____.
This is why it is important to have adequate eating between _______ of life. correct answers fat
infancy
6 to 12 months
Fat yields ______. It is the most calorically ______ macronutrient. correct answers 9 kcal/g
dense
Consumed fat takes a direct route to the correct answers adipose tissue for storage
The body possesses _____ to convert excess ______ to body fat, but the process is very ______.
correct answers enzymes
protein
inefficient
When a person engages in feasting:
carbohydrates -> ______ -> _______
,fat -> ________ -> ________
protein -> ________ -> ________ correct answers glucose; liver and fat as glycogen stores
fatty acids; body fat stores
amino acids; nitrogen lost in urine
When a person engages in feasting with protein, it is broken down in the body to ______, which
are first used to replace body ______. Excess contributes to body _______ and can also be
converted to ______ or ______. correct answers amino acids
proteins
fuel
glucose
fat
The body is always _______ active, even when you are not active. This is referred to as your
_______ _________. correct answers metabolically
basal metabolism
basal metabolism correct answers the energy needed to maintain life when a body is at complete
digestive, physical, and emotional rest
Roughly _____ of your energy expenditure is just to keep you alive. correct answers 2/3
When you're not eating, your body is using _____ ______ available in your body. This is a
_______ state. When you're fasting, the body uses _____ from the _____, and _____ from the
______ tissue as a source of energy. correct answers store fuel
fasting
glycogen
liver
fatty acids
adipose
Liver glycogen can only supply _____ for up to _____. correct answers glucose
a day
Within a few hours of a fast, the cells primarily use ______ as a fuel source. However, the
________ is not able to use ______ as a fuel source; it requires ______ correct answers fatty
acids
nervous system
fatty acids
glucose
Brains, nerves, and red blood cells cannot metabolize ______. They need ______ for fuel.
correct answers fatty acids
glucose
, Since ____ cannot be used by the nervous system for energy, body _____ are catabolized and
_____ acids are converted to ______ in the _____ to provide fuel for the ______. correct
answers fatty acids
proteins
amino
glucose
liver
brain
For the first few days of a fast, ______ of the glucose is provided through the use of body _____,
and _____ of the glucose comes from the _____ backbones from _____ acid breakdown. correct
answers 90%
protein
10%
glycerol
fatty
During a prolonged fast, ______ develop from the _________ of fat can serve as fuel for the
______. The primary fuel for most areas of the brain is still ______. correct answers ketone
bodies
catabolism
brain
glucose
Ketone bodies correct answers compounds produced during the incomplete breakdown of fat
when glucose is not available in the cells
Ketone bodies are _____, _____-soluble compounds produced by the ______ from fatty acid
fragments. correct answers acidic
water
liver
Ketone bodies help slow _____ tissue catabolism, so _____ tissue wasting slows but ______
through prolonged ______/_______. correct answers lean
lean
continues
fasting
starvation
During fasting:
Liver and muscle glycogen stores -> ____ -> ______
Body fat stores -> _____ -> ______
If fasting continues beyond glycogen depletion:
body protein -> ______ -> _______ , _______, ______ -> _______
body fat -> ______ -> _______ -> ______ correct answers glucose; energy for brain, nervous
system, RBC
Alcohol slows the body's use of correct answers fat for fuel
Feasting correct answers more energy consumed than expended
Excess carbohydrates are first stored as __________. When these stores are full, this ______ is
then used for ______, displacing use of _____, so ______ is stored. correct answers glycogen
glycogen
energy
fat
fat
Alcohol yields how many kcals/gram? correct answers 7 kcal/g
When we consume carbohydrates, the excess glucose is stored as _______ in the _____ and
______. correct answers glycogen
liver
muscles
When we overconsume, our ____ cells ______.
In adulthood, the ______ get ______ in size.
In infancy, the _______ of cells ______. correct answers fat
enlarge
fat cells
larger
number
increases
Humans lay down the number of _____ cells they are going to have for their whole life in _____.
This is why it is important to have adequate eating between _______ of life. correct answers fat
infancy
6 to 12 months
Fat yields ______. It is the most calorically ______ macronutrient. correct answers 9 kcal/g
dense
Consumed fat takes a direct route to the correct answers adipose tissue for storage
The body possesses _____ to convert excess ______ to body fat, but the process is very ______.
correct answers enzymes
protein
inefficient
When a person engages in feasting:
carbohydrates -> ______ -> _______
,fat -> ________ -> ________
protein -> ________ -> ________ correct answers glucose; liver and fat as glycogen stores
fatty acids; body fat stores
amino acids; nitrogen lost in urine
When a person engages in feasting with protein, it is broken down in the body to ______, which
are first used to replace body ______. Excess contributes to body _______ and can also be
converted to ______ or ______. correct answers amino acids
proteins
fuel
glucose
fat
The body is always _______ active, even when you are not active. This is referred to as your
_______ _________. correct answers metabolically
basal metabolism
basal metabolism correct answers the energy needed to maintain life when a body is at complete
digestive, physical, and emotional rest
Roughly _____ of your energy expenditure is just to keep you alive. correct answers 2/3
When you're not eating, your body is using _____ ______ available in your body. This is a
_______ state. When you're fasting, the body uses _____ from the _____, and _____ from the
______ tissue as a source of energy. correct answers store fuel
fasting
glycogen
liver
fatty acids
adipose
Liver glycogen can only supply _____ for up to _____. correct answers glucose
a day
Within a few hours of a fast, the cells primarily use ______ as a fuel source. However, the
________ is not able to use ______ as a fuel source; it requires ______ correct answers fatty
acids
nervous system
fatty acids
glucose
Brains, nerves, and red blood cells cannot metabolize ______. They need ______ for fuel.
correct answers fatty acids
glucose
, Since ____ cannot be used by the nervous system for energy, body _____ are catabolized and
_____ acids are converted to ______ in the _____ to provide fuel for the ______. correct
answers fatty acids
proteins
amino
glucose
liver
brain
For the first few days of a fast, ______ of the glucose is provided through the use of body _____,
and _____ of the glucose comes from the _____ backbones from _____ acid breakdown. correct
answers 90%
protein
10%
glycerol
fatty
During a prolonged fast, ______ develop from the _________ of fat can serve as fuel for the
______. The primary fuel for most areas of the brain is still ______. correct answers ketone
bodies
catabolism
brain
glucose
Ketone bodies correct answers compounds produced during the incomplete breakdown of fat
when glucose is not available in the cells
Ketone bodies are _____, _____-soluble compounds produced by the ______ from fatty acid
fragments. correct answers acidic
water
liver
Ketone bodies help slow _____ tissue catabolism, so _____ tissue wasting slows but ______
through prolonged ______/_______. correct answers lean
lean
continues
fasting
starvation
During fasting:
Liver and muscle glycogen stores -> ____ -> ______
Body fat stores -> _____ -> ______
If fasting continues beyond glycogen depletion:
body protein -> ______ -> _______ , _______, ______ -> _______
body fat -> ______ -> _______ -> ______ correct answers glucose; energy for brain, nervous
system, RBC
