KIN 2236 ATHLETIC INJURIES QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS
Comprehensive Model for Injury Causation - Answers - Internal risk factors specific to
athlete. External risk factors specific to event or sport. Internal PREDISPOSE them to
injury. External make them SUSCEPTIBLE to injury
Inciting Event - Answers - How the injury occurs. Detailed description
Primary Prevention - Answers - The term Prevention is synonymous with primary
prevention. How do we prevent the injury from happening all together (simulate at low
stakes/much slower, discuss the strategy instead of practicing it)
Secondary Prevention - Answers - Things to protect the athlete should a potentially
dangerous event happen (sports equipment)
Tertiary Prevention - Answers - Focus on reducing the consequences of injury. May
include things like medical coverage, first aid equipment and rehabilitation
Any kind of prevention can focus on 1 of 3 dimensions - Answers - 1) Athlete
(technique, neuromuscular function, physique)
2) Surroundings (floor/friction, rules)
3) Equipment (Shoe friction, protective properties)
Primary Prevention (Using Dimensions) - Answers - Athlete - Technique
Surroundings - Rules, coaching, Type of drill
Equipment - Better shoes to get out of the way?
Secondary Prevention (Using Dimensions) - Answers - Athlete - Strengthen C spine
musculature to stabilize head and neck
Surrounding - ???
Equipment - Good new or recertified helmets
Tertiary Prevention (Using Dimensions) - Answers - Athlete - Teach athletes to know
their body and report injury
Surrounding - Train coaches in first aid, EAP, Return to play
Equipment - First aid equipment on site
Prevention as it relates to Comprehensive Model of Injury Causation - Answers -
PRIMARY on Susceptible Athlete
SECONDARY on Inciting Event
, TERTIARY on Injury
4 Principles of Equipment - Answers - Deflection, Dissipation, Deformation, Absorption.
Any piece of equipment is probably uses a couple of these
Deflection - Answers - Turning aside or off course. Round, hard, smooth
Dissipation - Answers - To cause a spread and scatter that eventually vanishes. Larger
surface, different materials, layers
Deformation - Answers - Alteration of form or shape. Change in shape or
structure/meant to break apart like a bike helmet
Absorption - Answers - To receive without recoil or echo. Materials: Foam, felt, open
cell, closed cell, air, fluid.
Increased Density (Absorption) - Answers - Greater resistance at high force
Decreased Density (Absorption) - Answers - More absorption at low force
Felt - Answers - Matted wool fibers, doesn't shift around BUT absorbs fluid (heavy when
wet) and not very resilient. Must be replaced daily
Open Cell Foam - Answers - Aero. Like a sponge. Low resilience, doesn't bounce back.
Used to pad bony prominences and under hard edges of equipment. Decreased density
= More absorption at lower force
Closed Cell Foam - Answers - Skor. Used primarily for protection. Air cannot pass from
one to another. High resilience - materials bounce back to original shape. Not
comfortable close to skin, less cushioning at low levels of impact. Increased density =
Greater resistance at high force
External Last - Answers - The form on which the shoe is constructed
Curved Last - Answers - Neutral foot (high arch) -> Stability. Medial deviation of
forefoot. Hollowed out medial longitudinal arch (MLA)
Straight Last - Answers - Stability -> Motion Control. Solid plantar surface. Extended
midsole in MLA. Increased base of support
Internal Last - Answers - Interface between foot and midsole
Slip Lasting - Answers - Solid line of stitching down middle of shoe. Increased flexibility.
Neutral shoe or any kind that needs flexibility
VERIFIED ANSWERS
Comprehensive Model for Injury Causation - Answers - Internal risk factors specific to
athlete. External risk factors specific to event or sport. Internal PREDISPOSE them to
injury. External make them SUSCEPTIBLE to injury
Inciting Event - Answers - How the injury occurs. Detailed description
Primary Prevention - Answers - The term Prevention is synonymous with primary
prevention. How do we prevent the injury from happening all together (simulate at low
stakes/much slower, discuss the strategy instead of practicing it)
Secondary Prevention - Answers - Things to protect the athlete should a potentially
dangerous event happen (sports equipment)
Tertiary Prevention - Answers - Focus on reducing the consequences of injury. May
include things like medical coverage, first aid equipment and rehabilitation
Any kind of prevention can focus on 1 of 3 dimensions - Answers - 1) Athlete
(technique, neuromuscular function, physique)
2) Surroundings (floor/friction, rules)
3) Equipment (Shoe friction, protective properties)
Primary Prevention (Using Dimensions) - Answers - Athlete - Technique
Surroundings - Rules, coaching, Type of drill
Equipment - Better shoes to get out of the way?
Secondary Prevention (Using Dimensions) - Answers - Athlete - Strengthen C spine
musculature to stabilize head and neck
Surrounding - ???
Equipment - Good new or recertified helmets
Tertiary Prevention (Using Dimensions) - Answers - Athlete - Teach athletes to know
their body and report injury
Surrounding - Train coaches in first aid, EAP, Return to play
Equipment - First aid equipment on site
Prevention as it relates to Comprehensive Model of Injury Causation - Answers -
PRIMARY on Susceptible Athlete
SECONDARY on Inciting Event
, TERTIARY on Injury
4 Principles of Equipment - Answers - Deflection, Dissipation, Deformation, Absorption.
Any piece of equipment is probably uses a couple of these
Deflection - Answers - Turning aside or off course. Round, hard, smooth
Dissipation - Answers - To cause a spread and scatter that eventually vanishes. Larger
surface, different materials, layers
Deformation - Answers - Alteration of form or shape. Change in shape or
structure/meant to break apart like a bike helmet
Absorption - Answers - To receive without recoil or echo. Materials: Foam, felt, open
cell, closed cell, air, fluid.
Increased Density (Absorption) - Answers - Greater resistance at high force
Decreased Density (Absorption) - Answers - More absorption at low force
Felt - Answers - Matted wool fibers, doesn't shift around BUT absorbs fluid (heavy when
wet) and not very resilient. Must be replaced daily
Open Cell Foam - Answers - Aero. Like a sponge. Low resilience, doesn't bounce back.
Used to pad bony prominences and under hard edges of equipment. Decreased density
= More absorption at lower force
Closed Cell Foam - Answers - Skor. Used primarily for protection. Air cannot pass from
one to another. High resilience - materials bounce back to original shape. Not
comfortable close to skin, less cushioning at low levels of impact. Increased density =
Greater resistance at high force
External Last - Answers - The form on which the shoe is constructed
Curved Last - Answers - Neutral foot (high arch) -> Stability. Medial deviation of
forefoot. Hollowed out medial longitudinal arch (MLA)
Straight Last - Answers - Stability -> Motion Control. Solid plantar surface. Extended
midsole in MLA. Increased base of support
Internal Last - Answers - Interface between foot and midsole
Slip Lasting - Answers - Solid line of stitching down middle of shoe. Increased flexibility.
Neutral shoe or any kind that needs flexibility
