FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉ Illness perceptions. Answer: beliefs about illness; may be brought
on by cultural, spiritual, or ethical factors
◉ what does holistic care consist of. Answer: paying attention to the
mind, body, and spirit of the client
◉ what is the normal range for a child temperature. Answer: 96.8-99
F.
◉ what is the normal range for adult temperature (tympanic/oral).
Answer: 98.6 F.
◉ what is the normal range for adult temperature (rectal). Answer:
99.5 F.
◉ what is the normal range for adult temperature (axillary).
Answer: 97.7 F.
,◉ pyrexia. Answer: fever
◉ afebrile. Answer: without fever
◉ hyperpyrexia/hyperthermia. Answer: very high fever (103-105.8
F. or above)
◉ hypothermia. Answer: low body temperature (95 F. or lower)
◉ factors affecting temperature. Answer: developmental level,
environment, sex, exercise, emotions/stress/hormones, circadian
rhythm
◉ when should you not use the oral method of obtaining a client's
temperature. Answer: if the patient has a problem with their mouth
or if their mouth is in use by medical equipment
◉ what is the normal range for adult pulse. Answer: 60-100 bpm;
strong, regular
◉ systole. Answer: peak of the wave; contraction of the heart
, ◉ diastole. Answer: trough of the wave; resting phase of heart
◉ stroke volume. Answer: the amount of blood ejected from the
heart in one contraction.
◉ Cardiac Output (CO). Answer: total quantity of blood pumped per
minute
◉ factors affecting pulse. Answer: exercise, temperature, acute pain,
emotions, meds, hemorrhage, postural changes, pulmonary
conditions
◉ what is something to consider about older adult's pulse?. Answer:
it may take longer for the HR to rise. heart sounds may also
sometimes be muffled due to an increase in air space in the lungs
◉ what is something to consider about older adult's temperature?.
Answer: it runs low
◉ when should you take the apical pulse. Answer: when the radial
pulse is irregular, if a patient is taking cardiac meds, or in
assessment of infants to children up to 3 years old
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉ Illness perceptions. Answer: beliefs about illness; may be brought
on by cultural, spiritual, or ethical factors
◉ what does holistic care consist of. Answer: paying attention to the
mind, body, and spirit of the client
◉ what is the normal range for a child temperature. Answer: 96.8-99
F.
◉ what is the normal range for adult temperature (tympanic/oral).
Answer: 98.6 F.
◉ what is the normal range for adult temperature (rectal). Answer:
99.5 F.
◉ what is the normal range for adult temperature (axillary).
Answer: 97.7 F.
,◉ pyrexia. Answer: fever
◉ afebrile. Answer: without fever
◉ hyperpyrexia/hyperthermia. Answer: very high fever (103-105.8
F. or above)
◉ hypothermia. Answer: low body temperature (95 F. or lower)
◉ factors affecting temperature. Answer: developmental level,
environment, sex, exercise, emotions/stress/hormones, circadian
rhythm
◉ when should you not use the oral method of obtaining a client's
temperature. Answer: if the patient has a problem with their mouth
or if their mouth is in use by medical equipment
◉ what is the normal range for adult pulse. Answer: 60-100 bpm;
strong, regular
◉ systole. Answer: peak of the wave; contraction of the heart
, ◉ diastole. Answer: trough of the wave; resting phase of heart
◉ stroke volume. Answer: the amount of blood ejected from the
heart in one contraction.
◉ Cardiac Output (CO). Answer: total quantity of blood pumped per
minute
◉ factors affecting pulse. Answer: exercise, temperature, acute pain,
emotions, meds, hemorrhage, postural changes, pulmonary
conditions
◉ what is something to consider about older adult's pulse?. Answer:
it may take longer for the HR to rise. heart sounds may also
sometimes be muffled due to an increase in air space in the lungs
◉ what is something to consider about older adult's temperature?.
Answer: it runs low
◉ when should you take the apical pulse. Answer: when the radial
pulse is irregular, if a patient is taking cardiac meds, or in
assessment of infants to children up to 3 years old
