BSC2085 Exam 1 (CH 1-4) UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
What is the difference between anatomy and physiology? Anatomy is the study of internal and external body structures and their physical
relationships among other body parts. Physiology is the study of how living
organisms perform their functions.
Define gross (macroscopic) anatomy. The study of structural features of the body without the aid of a microscope; also
called macroscopic anatomy.
Define microscopic anatomy. Deals with structures that we cannot see without magnification.
Define histology. Study of tissues.
What is a sign? Give an example. Visible, objective evidence of the presence of a disease, an example is a fever.
What is a symptom? Give an example. An abnormality of function as a result of disease; subjective experience of patient,
an example is tiredness.
What is the scientific method? A system of advancing knowledge that begins by proposing a hypothesis to
answer a question, and then testing that hypothesis with data collected through
observation and experimentation.
List the levels of organization from most simple to most chemical level → cellular level → tissue level → organ level → organ system level
complex. → organism level
, List what each organizational level is comprised of (ie: chemical level (atoms combine to form molecules) → cellular level → tissue level
Tissue: comprised of similar cells which work together) (group of cells working together to perform one or more specific functions) →
organ level (organs made of two or more tissues working together to perform
specific functions) → organ system level (a group of organs interacting for a
particular function forms an organ system) → organism level (an individual life
form is an organism)
1) What are Terminologia Anatomica (TA), Terminologia These three texts provide a common reference for terms by citing both Latin and
Histologica (TH), and Terminologia Embryologica (TE) , English names.
and why are they important?
Describe the stance of a body in the anatomical position. The hands are at the sides with the palms facing forward, and the feet are
together.
Name the 12 organ systems. Integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic,
respiratory, digestive, urinary, and male and female reproductive system.
Integumentary skin, hair, sweat glands, nails
Skeletal bones, cartilages, associated ligaments, bone marrow
Muscular skeletal muscles and associated tendons
Nervous brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, sense organs
Endocrine pituitary gland, thyroid gland, pancreas, adrenal glands, gonads, endocrine
tissues in other systems
Cardiovascular heart, blood, blood vessels
Lymphatic spleen, thymus, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, tonsils
Respiratory nasal cavities, sinuses, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, alveoli
Digestive teeth, tongue, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small/large intestine, live,
gallbladder, pancreas
Urinary kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
Male Reproductive testes, epididymides, ductus deferentia, seminal vesicles, prostate, penis, scrotum
Female Reproductive ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, labia, clitoris, mammary glands
acromial shoulder
antebrachial forearm
axillary armpit
ANSWERS
What is the difference between anatomy and physiology? Anatomy is the study of internal and external body structures and their physical
relationships among other body parts. Physiology is the study of how living
organisms perform their functions.
Define gross (macroscopic) anatomy. The study of structural features of the body without the aid of a microscope; also
called macroscopic anatomy.
Define microscopic anatomy. Deals with structures that we cannot see without magnification.
Define histology. Study of tissues.
What is a sign? Give an example. Visible, objective evidence of the presence of a disease, an example is a fever.
What is a symptom? Give an example. An abnormality of function as a result of disease; subjective experience of patient,
an example is tiredness.
What is the scientific method? A system of advancing knowledge that begins by proposing a hypothesis to
answer a question, and then testing that hypothesis with data collected through
observation and experimentation.
List the levels of organization from most simple to most chemical level → cellular level → tissue level → organ level → organ system level
complex. → organism level
, List what each organizational level is comprised of (ie: chemical level (atoms combine to form molecules) → cellular level → tissue level
Tissue: comprised of similar cells which work together) (group of cells working together to perform one or more specific functions) →
organ level (organs made of two or more tissues working together to perform
specific functions) → organ system level (a group of organs interacting for a
particular function forms an organ system) → organism level (an individual life
form is an organism)
1) What are Terminologia Anatomica (TA), Terminologia These three texts provide a common reference for terms by citing both Latin and
Histologica (TH), and Terminologia Embryologica (TE) , English names.
and why are they important?
Describe the stance of a body in the anatomical position. The hands are at the sides with the palms facing forward, and the feet are
together.
Name the 12 organ systems. Integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic,
respiratory, digestive, urinary, and male and female reproductive system.
Integumentary skin, hair, sweat glands, nails
Skeletal bones, cartilages, associated ligaments, bone marrow
Muscular skeletal muscles and associated tendons
Nervous brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, sense organs
Endocrine pituitary gland, thyroid gland, pancreas, adrenal glands, gonads, endocrine
tissues in other systems
Cardiovascular heart, blood, blood vessels
Lymphatic spleen, thymus, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, tonsils
Respiratory nasal cavities, sinuses, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, alveoli
Digestive teeth, tongue, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small/large intestine, live,
gallbladder, pancreas
Urinary kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
Male Reproductive testes, epididymides, ductus deferentia, seminal vesicles, prostate, penis, scrotum
Female Reproductive ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, labia, clitoris, mammary glands
acromial shoulder
antebrachial forearm
axillary armpit
