CHEM 120 Final Exam Review 2026 | Atomic Structure,
Chemical Reactions, Organic Chemistry & Biochemistry |
Graded A+
1. Which is an Ether?
R-S-R
R-O-R
2. In a neutralization reaction between sodium and hydroxide, NaOH, and
hydrochloric acid, Hcl, the salt produced would be:
sodium hydrochloride
sulfuric acid
sodium chloride
sodium oxide
3. What do acids release during a chemical reaction?
Neutrons
Electrons
Protons
Hydroxide ions
4. Which of the following is the general formula for an ester?
RCHO
RCOOH
RCOR
RCOOR
,5. What type of bonds do saturated compounds contain exclusively?
Single bonds
Double bonds
Triple bonds
Ionic bonds
6. Describe the structure of amines and how it relates to their classification.
Amines are saturated hydrocarbons with single bonds only.
Amines consist of a nitrogen atom bonded to one or more alkyl or
aryl groups, which classifies them as primary, secondary, or tertiary
amines.
Amines are compounds that contain a carboxyl group and are
classified as acids.
Amines are characterized by a hydroxyl group attached to a carbon
atom.
7. If you were to synthesize an ether from an alcohol, which reaction would you
likely use?
Hydrolysis reaction
Hydrogenation reaction
Dehydration reaction
Oxidation reaction
8. Describe the composition of sodium nitrite and its significance in chemistry.
Sodium nitrite contains sodium (Na) and nitrous oxide (N2O) ions,
used in anesthetics.
, Sodium nitrite is composed of sodium (Na) and nitrite (NO2) ions,
and it is significant as a preservative and in organic synthesis.
Sodium nitrite is made of sodium (Na) and ammonium (NH4) ions,
important for protein synthesis.
Sodium nitrite consists of sodium (Na) and nitrate (NO3) ions, used
primarily in fertilizers.
9. What is the principle regarding numbering branches in a chemical structure?
Branches do not require numbering.
The branch in a chemical structure needs to have the lowest number
possible.
Branches can be numbered arbitrarily.
Branches should always be numbered from right to left.
10. Describe the difference between saturated and unsaturated compounds in
organic chemistry.
Saturated compounds have a higher boiling point than unsaturated
compounds.
Saturated compounds contain only single bonds, while unsaturated
compounds have one or more double or triple bonds.
Saturated compounds are always gases, while unsaturated
compounds are liquids.
Saturated compounds can only be alkanes, while unsaturated
compounds can be alkenes or alkynes.
11. The correct name for the compound containing sodium and the polyatomic
ion nitrate is
sodium nitrogen trioxygen
, sodium nitrite
sodium nitrogen trioxide
sodium nitrate
12. What is the product formed when sodium hydroxide reacts with
hydrochloric acid?
NaCl and H2
H2 and Cl2
NaCl and H2O
NaOH and HCl
13. In a laboratory experiment, you mix hydrochloric acid with sodium
hydroxide. What products do you expect from this reaction?
Sodium and chlorine gas
Hydrogen gas and sodium chloride
Sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid
Water and sodium chloride
14. What is the chemical formula of ethane? (Ethane has two carbon atoms and
six hydrogen atoms.)
C₆H₂
2CH₃
C₂H₆
2C₆H
Chemical Reactions, Organic Chemistry & Biochemistry |
Graded A+
1. Which is an Ether?
R-S-R
R-O-R
2. In a neutralization reaction between sodium and hydroxide, NaOH, and
hydrochloric acid, Hcl, the salt produced would be:
sodium hydrochloride
sulfuric acid
sodium chloride
sodium oxide
3. What do acids release during a chemical reaction?
Neutrons
Electrons
Protons
Hydroxide ions
4. Which of the following is the general formula for an ester?
RCHO
RCOOH
RCOR
RCOOR
,5. What type of bonds do saturated compounds contain exclusively?
Single bonds
Double bonds
Triple bonds
Ionic bonds
6. Describe the structure of amines and how it relates to their classification.
Amines are saturated hydrocarbons with single bonds only.
Amines consist of a nitrogen atom bonded to one or more alkyl or
aryl groups, which classifies them as primary, secondary, or tertiary
amines.
Amines are compounds that contain a carboxyl group and are
classified as acids.
Amines are characterized by a hydroxyl group attached to a carbon
atom.
7. If you were to synthesize an ether from an alcohol, which reaction would you
likely use?
Hydrolysis reaction
Hydrogenation reaction
Dehydration reaction
Oxidation reaction
8. Describe the composition of sodium nitrite and its significance in chemistry.
Sodium nitrite contains sodium (Na) and nitrous oxide (N2O) ions,
used in anesthetics.
, Sodium nitrite is composed of sodium (Na) and nitrite (NO2) ions,
and it is significant as a preservative and in organic synthesis.
Sodium nitrite is made of sodium (Na) and ammonium (NH4) ions,
important for protein synthesis.
Sodium nitrite consists of sodium (Na) and nitrate (NO3) ions, used
primarily in fertilizers.
9. What is the principle regarding numbering branches in a chemical structure?
Branches do not require numbering.
The branch in a chemical structure needs to have the lowest number
possible.
Branches can be numbered arbitrarily.
Branches should always be numbered from right to left.
10. Describe the difference between saturated and unsaturated compounds in
organic chemistry.
Saturated compounds have a higher boiling point than unsaturated
compounds.
Saturated compounds contain only single bonds, while unsaturated
compounds have one or more double or triple bonds.
Saturated compounds are always gases, while unsaturated
compounds are liquids.
Saturated compounds can only be alkanes, while unsaturated
compounds can be alkenes or alkynes.
11. The correct name for the compound containing sodium and the polyatomic
ion nitrate is
sodium nitrogen trioxygen
, sodium nitrite
sodium nitrogen trioxide
sodium nitrate
12. What is the product formed when sodium hydroxide reacts with
hydrochloric acid?
NaCl and H2
H2 and Cl2
NaCl and H2O
NaOH and HCl
13. In a laboratory experiment, you mix hydrochloric acid with sodium
hydroxide. What products do you expect from this reaction?
Sodium and chlorine gas
Hydrogen gas and sodium chloride
Sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid
Water and sodium chloride
14. What is the chemical formula of ethane? (Ethane has two carbon atoms and
six hydrogen atoms.)
C₆H₂
2CH₃
C₂H₆
2C₆H
