NSG 3280 Pathophysiology Exam 1
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A nurse is reviewing a client's chart and notes that the cause of the
disease is unknown. Which term best describes this condition?
A. Iatrogenic
B. Etiology
C. Idiopathic
D. Prodromal - VERIFIED UPDATED ANSWER - C. Idiopathic
Idiopathic means the cause of a disease is unknown. Etiology refers to the
cause, while iatrogenic means caused by medical treatment.
Which example best represents an iatrogenic condition?
A. A genetic disorder
B. A medication-induced kidney injury
C. A viral infection
,D. A disease with no known cause - VERIFIED UPDATED ANSWER - B. A
medication-induced kidney injury
Iatrogenic conditions result from medical treatment or interventions.
Why are older adults more vulnerable to the effects of stress?
A. Increased immune response
B. Decreased organ reserve
C. Faster healing time
D. Increased hormone production - VERIFIED UPDATED ANSWER - B.
Decreased organ reserve
Aging leads to reduced cardiac, renal, immune, and endocrine reserve,
making stress harder to tolerate.
Which hormones are primarily released during the alarm stage of the
General Adaptation Syndrome?
A. Insulin and glucagon
B. Cortisol and epinephrine
C. Aldosterone and ADH
D. Thyroxine and growth hormone - VERIFIED UPDATED ANSWER - B.
Cortisol and epinephrine
,The alarm stage triggers the fight-or-flight response through activation
of the sympathetic nervous system and cortisol release.
A client experiences prolonged stress without relief. Which stage of the
General Adaptation Syndrome is the client most likely entering?
A. Alarm
B. Resistance
C. Exhaustion
D. Recovery - VERIFIED UPDATED ANSWER - C. Exhaustion
Prolonged stress depletes the body's resources, leading to illness and
organ dysfunction in the exhaustion stage.
What is the primary cellular consequence of ischemia?
A. Increased ATP production
B. Decreased blood flow to tissues
C. Increased oxygen delivery
D. Decreased lactic acid levels - VERIFIED UPDATED ANSWER - B.
Decreased blood flow to tissues
Ischemia reduces blood flow, leading to hypoxia, ATP depletion, and
eventual cell injury.
, Which finding is most consistent with hypoxia at the cellular level?
A. Increased ATP production
B. Lactic acid accumulation
C. Increased sodium-potassium pump function
D. Decreased cell swelling - VERIFIED UPDATED ANSWER - B. Lactic acid
accumulation
Without oxygen, cells rely on anaerobic metabolism, leading to lactic acid
buildup.
Which intervention is an example of secondary prevention?
A. Smoking cessation counseling
B. Annual mammogram
C. Physical therapy after stroke
D. Insulin therapy for diabetes - VERIFIED UPDATED ANSWER - B. Annual
mammogram
Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and treatment through
screening.
A nurse explains that necrosis differs from apoptosis because necrosis:
Questions and 100% Correct Verified
Answers (GUARANTEED PASS)
INSTANT PDF DOWNLOAD
A nurse is reviewing a client's chart and notes that the cause of the
disease is unknown. Which term best describes this condition?
A. Iatrogenic
B. Etiology
C. Idiopathic
D. Prodromal - VERIFIED UPDATED ANSWER - C. Idiopathic
Idiopathic means the cause of a disease is unknown. Etiology refers to the
cause, while iatrogenic means caused by medical treatment.
Which example best represents an iatrogenic condition?
A. A genetic disorder
B. A medication-induced kidney injury
C. A viral infection
,D. A disease with no known cause - VERIFIED UPDATED ANSWER - B. A
medication-induced kidney injury
Iatrogenic conditions result from medical treatment or interventions.
Why are older adults more vulnerable to the effects of stress?
A. Increased immune response
B. Decreased organ reserve
C. Faster healing time
D. Increased hormone production - VERIFIED UPDATED ANSWER - B.
Decreased organ reserve
Aging leads to reduced cardiac, renal, immune, and endocrine reserve,
making stress harder to tolerate.
Which hormones are primarily released during the alarm stage of the
General Adaptation Syndrome?
A. Insulin and glucagon
B. Cortisol and epinephrine
C. Aldosterone and ADH
D. Thyroxine and growth hormone - VERIFIED UPDATED ANSWER - B.
Cortisol and epinephrine
,The alarm stage triggers the fight-or-flight response through activation
of the sympathetic nervous system and cortisol release.
A client experiences prolonged stress without relief. Which stage of the
General Adaptation Syndrome is the client most likely entering?
A. Alarm
B. Resistance
C. Exhaustion
D. Recovery - VERIFIED UPDATED ANSWER - C. Exhaustion
Prolonged stress depletes the body's resources, leading to illness and
organ dysfunction in the exhaustion stage.
What is the primary cellular consequence of ischemia?
A. Increased ATP production
B. Decreased blood flow to tissues
C. Increased oxygen delivery
D. Decreased lactic acid levels - VERIFIED UPDATED ANSWER - B.
Decreased blood flow to tissues
Ischemia reduces blood flow, leading to hypoxia, ATP depletion, and
eventual cell injury.
, Which finding is most consistent with hypoxia at the cellular level?
A. Increased ATP production
B. Lactic acid accumulation
C. Increased sodium-potassium pump function
D. Decreased cell swelling - VERIFIED UPDATED ANSWER - B. Lactic acid
accumulation
Without oxygen, cells rely on anaerobic metabolism, leading to lactic acid
buildup.
Which intervention is an example of secondary prevention?
A. Smoking cessation counseling
B. Annual mammogram
C. Physical therapy after stroke
D. Insulin therapy for diabetes - VERIFIED UPDATED ANSWER - B. Annual
mammogram
Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and treatment through
screening.
A nurse explains that necrosis differs from apoptosis because necrosis:
