NR-442/NR442 Exam 1 V3 | Community
Health Nursing Q&A with Rationale |
Chamberlain University
1. A community health nurse is conducting an educational session on primary prevention for
high school students. Which of the following topics should the nurse include?
A. The importance of routine scoliosis screenings.
B. Managing blood glucose levels for newly diagnosed diabetics.
C. Skin cancer screenings for students with fair complexions.
D. The use of seatbelts and helmets to prevent injury.
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Primary prevention focuses on preventing the initial occurrence of a
disease or injury. The use of seatbelts and helmets is a classic example of primary
prevention as it aims to protect healthy individuals from harm. In contrast, screenings are
secondary prevention, and managing an existing chronic disease is tertiary prevention.
2. When calculating the incidence rate of a specific disease in a population, which of the
following is the nurse identifying?
A. The total number of existing cases at a specific point in time.
B. The number of new cases occurring within a specific time period.
C. The death rate associated with the disease.
,D. The proportion of the population that has ever had the disease.
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Incidence rates specifically track the number of new cases of a
disease within a defined population over a set period. This measurement is crucial for
understanding the spread of infectious diseases or the risk of developing a condition.
Prevalence, on the other hand, measures all existing cases, whether they are new or old.
3. A nurse is using the epidemiological triangle to investigate an outbreak of influenza. Which
of the following factors would be categorized under the ‘Host’ component?
A. The influenza virus itself.
B. The age and vaccination status of the students.
C. Crowded living conditions in a dormitory.
D. The temperature and humidity of the environment.
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: The host refers to the living being that is affected by the agent, and its
characteristics like age, genetics, and immunity status determine susceptibility. In the
epidemiological triangle, the virus is the agent and the dormitory is the environment.
Analyzing host factors helps community nurses identify vulnerable subgroups within the
population.
, 4. A nurse is performing a windshield survey of a local neighborhood. Which of the following
observations provides data about the ‘Environment’ of the community?
A. The types of religious organizations located in the area.
B. The average age of the residents walking on the sidewalk.
C. The presence of several community parks and green spaces.
D. Conversations with a local pharmacist about common prescriptions.
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: A windshield survey is a systematic observation of a community’s
physical environment while driving or walking through it. Green spaces and parks are
physical environmental features that impact the health and physical activity levels of
residents. Demographic data and conversations provide information about people but are
not direct observations of the physical infrastructure.
5. Which of the following scenarios best describes a nurse performing a secondary prevention
activity?
A. Providing a support group for families of children with autism.
B. Teaching a patient how to administer insulin following a diagnosis.
C. Conducting a lead screening program for children in an older housing development.
D. Administering the annual influenza vaccine to elderly residents.
Correct Answer: C
Health Nursing Q&A with Rationale |
Chamberlain University
1. A community health nurse is conducting an educational session on primary prevention for
high school students. Which of the following topics should the nurse include?
A. The importance of routine scoliosis screenings.
B. Managing blood glucose levels for newly diagnosed diabetics.
C. Skin cancer screenings for students with fair complexions.
D. The use of seatbelts and helmets to prevent injury.
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Primary prevention focuses on preventing the initial occurrence of a
disease or injury. The use of seatbelts and helmets is a classic example of primary
prevention as it aims to protect healthy individuals from harm. In contrast, screenings are
secondary prevention, and managing an existing chronic disease is tertiary prevention.
2. When calculating the incidence rate of a specific disease in a population, which of the
following is the nurse identifying?
A. The total number of existing cases at a specific point in time.
B. The number of new cases occurring within a specific time period.
C. The death rate associated with the disease.
,D. The proportion of the population that has ever had the disease.
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Incidence rates specifically track the number of new cases of a
disease within a defined population over a set period. This measurement is crucial for
understanding the spread of infectious diseases or the risk of developing a condition.
Prevalence, on the other hand, measures all existing cases, whether they are new or old.
3. A nurse is using the epidemiological triangle to investigate an outbreak of influenza. Which
of the following factors would be categorized under the ‘Host’ component?
A. The influenza virus itself.
B. The age and vaccination status of the students.
C. Crowded living conditions in a dormitory.
D. The temperature and humidity of the environment.
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: The host refers to the living being that is affected by the agent, and its
characteristics like age, genetics, and immunity status determine susceptibility. In the
epidemiological triangle, the virus is the agent and the dormitory is the environment.
Analyzing host factors helps community nurses identify vulnerable subgroups within the
population.
, 4. A nurse is performing a windshield survey of a local neighborhood. Which of the following
observations provides data about the ‘Environment’ of the community?
A. The types of religious organizations located in the area.
B. The average age of the residents walking on the sidewalk.
C. The presence of several community parks and green spaces.
D. Conversations with a local pharmacist about common prescriptions.
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: A windshield survey is a systematic observation of a community’s
physical environment while driving or walking through it. Green spaces and parks are
physical environmental features that impact the health and physical activity levels of
residents. Demographic data and conversations provide information about people but are
not direct observations of the physical infrastructure.
5. Which of the following scenarios best describes a nurse performing a secondary prevention
activity?
A. Providing a support group for families of children with autism.
B. Teaching a patient how to administer insulin following a diagnosis.
C. Conducting a lead screening program for children in an older housing development.
D. Administering the annual influenza vaccine to elderly residents.
Correct Answer: C
