NR 224: Fundamentals of Nursing | Exam 1 Prep 2026 |Chamberlain
1. A nurse is gathering data during a patient’s admission. The patient states, ‘I
have a sharp pain in my lower back.’ This type of data is classified as:
A. Objective data
B. Subjective data
C. Secondary data
D. Inference data
Answer: B
Rationale: Subjective data consists of information provided by the patient that cannot be
measured by the nurse, such as feelings, perceptions, or descriptions of pain.
2. In the nursing process, which phase involves the nurse setting priorities and
identifying patient-centered goals?
A. Assessment
B. Diagnosis
C. Planning
D. Implementation
Answer: C
Rationale: During the planning phase, the nurse prioritizes nursing diagnoses, sets
patient-centered goals and expected outcomes, and chooses nursing interventions.
,3. A nurse is performing a physical assessment on a patient. Which technique
should the nurse use first?
A. Palpation
B. Inspection
C. Auscultation
D. Percussion
Answer: B
Rationale: The standard order for physical assessment (except for the abdomen) is
Inspection, Palpation, Percussion, and Auscultation.
4. Which of the following blood pressure readings would be classified as Stage 1
Hypertension according to current guidelines?
A. 118/76 mmHg
B. 124/78 mmHg
C. 142/92 mmHg
D. 134/84 mmHg
Answer: D
Rationale: Stage 1 Hypertension is defined as a systolic BP between 130-139 mmHg or a
diastolic BP between 80-89 mmHg.
5. When assessing an adult’s radial pulse, the nurse notes the rate is 112 beats
per minute. This is documented as:
A. Bradycardia
B. Normal sinus rhythm
C. Eupnea
D. Tachycardia
Answer: D
Rationale: Tachycardia is defined as an abnormally elevated heart rate, typically over 100
beats per minute in an adult.
, 6. What is the most effective way to prevent the spread of infection?
A. Wearing gloves at all times
B. Performing proper hand hygiene
C. Using hand sanitizer only
D. Administering prophylactic antibiotics
Answer: B
Rationale: Hand hygiene is the single most important and effective practice for preventing
the transmission of healthcare-associated infections.
7. A nurse is measuring a patient’s blood pressure and finds it is 160/90 mmHg.
What is the pulse pressure?
A. 70 mmHg
B. 1.7 mmHg
C. 250 mmHg
D. 90 mmHg
Answer: A
Rationale: Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic and diastolic pressure
(160 - 90 = 70).
8. A patient is on Contact Precautions for MRSA. Which of the following is
required before entering the room?
A. N95 respirator and gloves
B. No PPE is required unless touching the patient
C. Mask and eye protection
D. Gown and gloves
Answer: D
Rationale: Contact precautions require the use of a gown and gloves for all interactions
that may involve contact with the patient or their environment.
1. A nurse is gathering data during a patient’s admission. The patient states, ‘I
have a sharp pain in my lower back.’ This type of data is classified as:
A. Objective data
B. Subjective data
C. Secondary data
D. Inference data
Answer: B
Rationale: Subjective data consists of information provided by the patient that cannot be
measured by the nurse, such as feelings, perceptions, or descriptions of pain.
2. In the nursing process, which phase involves the nurse setting priorities and
identifying patient-centered goals?
A. Assessment
B. Diagnosis
C. Planning
D. Implementation
Answer: C
Rationale: During the planning phase, the nurse prioritizes nursing diagnoses, sets
patient-centered goals and expected outcomes, and chooses nursing interventions.
,3. A nurse is performing a physical assessment on a patient. Which technique
should the nurse use first?
A. Palpation
B. Inspection
C. Auscultation
D. Percussion
Answer: B
Rationale: The standard order for physical assessment (except for the abdomen) is
Inspection, Palpation, Percussion, and Auscultation.
4. Which of the following blood pressure readings would be classified as Stage 1
Hypertension according to current guidelines?
A. 118/76 mmHg
B. 124/78 mmHg
C. 142/92 mmHg
D. 134/84 mmHg
Answer: D
Rationale: Stage 1 Hypertension is defined as a systolic BP between 130-139 mmHg or a
diastolic BP between 80-89 mmHg.
5. When assessing an adult’s radial pulse, the nurse notes the rate is 112 beats
per minute. This is documented as:
A. Bradycardia
B. Normal sinus rhythm
C. Eupnea
D. Tachycardia
Answer: D
Rationale: Tachycardia is defined as an abnormally elevated heart rate, typically over 100
beats per minute in an adult.
, 6. What is the most effective way to prevent the spread of infection?
A. Wearing gloves at all times
B. Performing proper hand hygiene
C. Using hand sanitizer only
D. Administering prophylactic antibiotics
Answer: B
Rationale: Hand hygiene is the single most important and effective practice for preventing
the transmission of healthcare-associated infections.
7. A nurse is measuring a patient’s blood pressure and finds it is 160/90 mmHg.
What is the pulse pressure?
A. 70 mmHg
B. 1.7 mmHg
C. 250 mmHg
D. 90 mmHg
Answer: A
Rationale: Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic and diastolic pressure
(160 - 90 = 70).
8. A patient is on Contact Precautions for MRSA. Which of the following is
required before entering the room?
A. N95 respirator and gloves
B. No PPE is required unless touching the patient
C. Mask and eye protection
D. Gown and gloves
Answer: D
Rationale: Contact precautions require the use of a gown and gloves for all interactions
that may involve contact with the patient or their environment.
