NR 224: Fundamentals of Nursing | Exam 1 | 2026/2027 Update
Chamberlain
1. Which step of the nursing process involves the systematic collection of data
about a patient’s health status?
A. Assessment
B. Planning
C. Implementation
D. Diagnosis
Answer: A
Rationale: Assessment is the first step of the nursing process, involving the gathering and
verification of data from primary and secondary sources.
2. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which of the following is
considered a priority for the nurse?
A. Self-actualization
B. Love and belonging
C. Self-esteem
D. Physiological needs
Answer: D
Rationale: Physiological needs (oxygen, fluids, nutrition, body temperature, elimination,
shelter, sex) are the most basic and must be met before higher-level needs.
,3. A nurse is measuring blood pressure. If the cuff is too small for the patient’s
arm, what effect will this have on the reading?
A. The reading will be falsely high
B. The reading will be falsely low
C. The reading will be accurate if the patient is supine
D. The reading will not be affected
Answer: A
Rationale: A cuff that is too narrow or small results in a falsely high blood pressure
reading because the pressure is not distributed evenly.
4. Which of the following is the most effective method for preventing the
transmission of healthcare-associated infections?
A. Wearing gloves at all times
B. Using prophylactic antibiotics
C. Hand hygiene
D. Keeping the patient in a private room
Answer: C
Rationale: Hand hygiene is the single most important and effective action to prevent the
transmission of microorganisms and infections.
5. A patient is suspected of having pulmonary tuberculosis. What type of
isolation precautions should the nurse implement?
A. Contact precautions
B. Droplet precautions
C. Standard precautions only
D. Airborne precautions
Answer: D
Rationale: Airborne precautions are used for diseases that are transmitted by small
droplet nuclei (less than 5 microns), such as tuberculosis, measles, and varicella.
, 6. During an assessment, the nurse notes the patient’s heart rate is 115 beats
per minute. This finding is documented as:
A. Bradycardia
B. Tachycardia
C. Dysrhythmia
D. Normal sinus rhythm
Answer: B
Rationale: Tachycardia is an abnormally elevated heart rate, typically defined as above
100 beats per minute in an adult.
7. In the nursing process, which step involves setting measurable and achievable
goals?
A. Planning
B. Diagnosis
C. Assessment
D. Evaluation
Answer: A
Rationale: During the planning phase, the nurse prioritizes diagnoses, sets patient-
centered goals and expected outcomes, and chooses nursing interventions.
8. Which ethical principle refers to the nurse’s obligation to do no harm?
A. Nonmaleficence
B. Beneficence
C. Autonomy
D. Justice
Answer: A
Rationale: Nonmaleficence is the ethical principle of ‘doing no harm’ to the patient.
Chamberlain
1. Which step of the nursing process involves the systematic collection of data
about a patient’s health status?
A. Assessment
B. Planning
C. Implementation
D. Diagnosis
Answer: A
Rationale: Assessment is the first step of the nursing process, involving the gathering and
verification of data from primary and secondary sources.
2. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which of the following is
considered a priority for the nurse?
A. Self-actualization
B. Love and belonging
C. Self-esteem
D. Physiological needs
Answer: D
Rationale: Physiological needs (oxygen, fluids, nutrition, body temperature, elimination,
shelter, sex) are the most basic and must be met before higher-level needs.
,3. A nurse is measuring blood pressure. If the cuff is too small for the patient’s
arm, what effect will this have on the reading?
A. The reading will be falsely high
B. The reading will be falsely low
C. The reading will be accurate if the patient is supine
D. The reading will not be affected
Answer: A
Rationale: A cuff that is too narrow or small results in a falsely high blood pressure
reading because the pressure is not distributed evenly.
4. Which of the following is the most effective method for preventing the
transmission of healthcare-associated infections?
A. Wearing gloves at all times
B. Using prophylactic antibiotics
C. Hand hygiene
D. Keeping the patient in a private room
Answer: C
Rationale: Hand hygiene is the single most important and effective action to prevent the
transmission of microorganisms and infections.
5. A patient is suspected of having pulmonary tuberculosis. What type of
isolation precautions should the nurse implement?
A. Contact precautions
B. Droplet precautions
C. Standard precautions only
D. Airborne precautions
Answer: D
Rationale: Airborne precautions are used for diseases that are transmitted by small
droplet nuclei (less than 5 microns), such as tuberculosis, measles, and varicella.
, 6. During an assessment, the nurse notes the patient’s heart rate is 115 beats
per minute. This finding is documented as:
A. Bradycardia
B. Tachycardia
C. Dysrhythmia
D. Normal sinus rhythm
Answer: B
Rationale: Tachycardia is an abnormally elevated heart rate, typically defined as above
100 beats per minute in an adult.
7. In the nursing process, which step involves setting measurable and achievable
goals?
A. Planning
B. Diagnosis
C. Assessment
D. Evaluation
Answer: A
Rationale: During the planning phase, the nurse prioritizes diagnoses, sets patient-
centered goals and expected outcomes, and chooses nursing interventions.
8. Which ethical principle refers to the nurse’s obligation to do no harm?
A. Nonmaleficence
B. Beneficence
C. Autonomy
D. Justice
Answer: A
Rationale: Nonmaleficence is the ethical principle of ‘doing no harm’ to the patient.
