CARDIOPULMONARY PHARMACOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND NEW 2026
A 65-year-old man is brought to the emergency department 30 min after the onset of right-sided weakness and aphasia
(difficulty speaking). Imaging studies ruled out cerebral hemorrhage as the cause of his acute symptoms of stroke. Over the
next 2 d, the patient's symptoms resolved completely. To prevent a recurrence of this disease, the patient is most likely to
be treated indefinitely with which of the following?
A. Aminocaproic acid
B. Aspirin
C. Enoxaparin
D. Lepirudin - - CORRECT ANSWER - >B. Aspirin
A 65-year-old man is brought to the emergency department 30 min after the onset of right-sided weakness and aphasia
(difficulty speaking). Imaging studies ruled out cerebral hemorrhage as the cause of his acute symptoms of stroke. If the
patient is unable to tolerate the drug, he may be treated with clopidogrel. Relative
to ticlopidine, clopidogrel
A. Has a shorter duration of action
B. Is less likely to cause neutropenia
C. Is more likely to induce antiplatelet antibodies
D. Is more likely to precipitate serious bleeding
E. Will have a greater antiplatelet effect - - CORRECT ANSWER - >B. Is less likely to cause neutropenia
A patient develops severe thrombocytopenia in response to treatment with unfractionated heparin and still requires
parenteral anticoagulation. The patient is most likely to be treated with which of the following?
A. Abciximab
B. Cilostazol
C. Lepirudin
D. Plasminogen
E. Vitamin K1 - - CORRECT ANSWER - >C. Lepirudin
1
,A 50-year-old man has a history of frequent episodes of renal colic with calciumcontaining renal stones. A careful workup
indicates that he has a defect in proximal tubular calcium reabsorption, which results in high concentrations of calcium
salts in the tubular urine. The most useful diuretic agent in the treatment of recurrent calcium stones is
A. Acetazolamide
B. Furosemide
C. Hydrochlorothiazide
D. Mannitol
E. Spironolactone - - CORRECT ANSWER - >C. Hydrochlorothiazide
A 58-year-old woman with lung cancer has abnormally low serum osmolality. A drug that increases the formation of dilute
urine and is used to treat SIADH is
A. Acetazolamide
B. Amiloride
C. Conivaptan
D. Desmopressin
E. Ethacrynic acid
F. Furosemide
G. Hydrochlorothiazide
H. Mannitol
I. Spironolactone
J. Triamterene - - CORRECT ANSWER - >C. Conivaptan
A 58-year-old woman with chronic hypertension and diabetes mellitus was recently admitted to the hospital for congestive
heart failure and new onset atrial fibrillation. She is now seeing you after discharge and, though feeling better, is still in atrial
fibrillation. An echocardiogram shows an ejection fraction of 40%; there are no valvular abnormalities. An ECG
reveals only atrial fibrillation. You calculate her risk using the CHADS (2) system and the score indicates that she requires
anticoagulation rather than antiplatelet therapy. You are discussing the risks and benefits of anticoagulation therapy with
her, including the option of using direct thrombin inhibitors. Which of the following anticoagulants is a direct inhibitor of
thrombin?
(A) Abciximab
(B) Dabigatran
2
,(C) Rivaroxaban
(D) Warfarin - - CORRECT ANSWER - >(B) Dabigatran
The ANSWER is B. Abciximab is an antiplatelet agent that binds to and inhibits GPIIb/IIIa. Rivaroxaban is an oral factor X
inhibitor and warfarin inhibits vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKOR)
A 59-year-old male patient in the intensive care unit has a metabolic alkalosis. Which therapy will treat this condition?
A. Amiloride
B. Hydrochlorothiazide
C. Mannitol
D. Acetazolamide - - CORRECT ANSWER - >D. Acetazolamide
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors increases the urinary excretion of bicarbonate and lowers the pH
A patient with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction researched his medications on the Internet and found he was
taking two "diuretics," bumetanide and spironolactone. He asks if this is a mistake with his therapy.
What is the best response?
A. Spironolactone is used to prevent hyponatremia.
B. Spironolactone is used to reduce heart structure changes and decrease the risk of death.
C. Bumetanide is used to decrease the potassium lost from spironolactone therapy.
D. This is a duplication error and one diuretic should be stopped. - - CORRECT ANSWER - >B. Spironolactone is used to
reduce heart structure changes and decrease the risk of death.
A male patient is placed on a new medication and notes that his breasts have become enlarged and tender to the touch.
Which medication is the most likely taking?
A. Furosemide
B. Hydrochlorothiazide
C. Spironolactone
D. Triamterene - - CORRECT ANSWER - >C. Spironolactone
An adverse drug reaction to spironolactone is gynecomastia due to its effects on androgens and progesterone in the body.
3
, Which diuretic has been shown to improve blood pressure in resistant hypertension or those already treated with three
blood pressure medications including a thiazide or thiazide-like medication?
A. Indapamide
B. Furosemide
C. Mannitol
D. Spironolactone - - CORRECT ANSWER - >D. Spironolactone
A 23-year-old woman is using an albuterol inhaler for frequent acute episodes of asthma and complains of symptoms that
she ascribes to the albuterol. Which of the following is not a recognized action of albuterol?
A. Diuretic effect
B. Positive inotropic effect
C. Skeletal muscle tremor
D. Smooth muscle relaxation
E. Tachycardia - - CORRECT ANSWER - >A. Diuretic effect
Patient is admitted to the emergency department after a drug overdose. He is noted to have hypotension and severe
bradycardia. He has been receiving therapy for hypertension and angina. Which of the following drugs in high doses causes
bradycardia? A. Amlodipine
B. Isosorbide dinitrate
C. Nitroglycerin
D. Prazosin
E. Verapamil - - CORRECT ANSWER - >E. Verapamil
One effect that theophylline, nitroglycerin, isoproterenol, and have in common is
A. Direct stimulation of cardiac contractile force
B. Tachycardia
C. Bronchodilation
D. Postural hypotension
4
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND NEW 2026
A 65-year-old man is brought to the emergency department 30 min after the onset of right-sided weakness and aphasia
(difficulty speaking). Imaging studies ruled out cerebral hemorrhage as the cause of his acute symptoms of stroke. Over the
next 2 d, the patient's symptoms resolved completely. To prevent a recurrence of this disease, the patient is most likely to
be treated indefinitely with which of the following?
A. Aminocaproic acid
B. Aspirin
C. Enoxaparin
D. Lepirudin - - CORRECT ANSWER - >B. Aspirin
A 65-year-old man is brought to the emergency department 30 min after the onset of right-sided weakness and aphasia
(difficulty speaking). Imaging studies ruled out cerebral hemorrhage as the cause of his acute symptoms of stroke. If the
patient is unable to tolerate the drug, he may be treated with clopidogrel. Relative
to ticlopidine, clopidogrel
A. Has a shorter duration of action
B. Is less likely to cause neutropenia
C. Is more likely to induce antiplatelet antibodies
D. Is more likely to precipitate serious bleeding
E. Will have a greater antiplatelet effect - - CORRECT ANSWER - >B. Is less likely to cause neutropenia
A patient develops severe thrombocytopenia in response to treatment with unfractionated heparin and still requires
parenteral anticoagulation. The patient is most likely to be treated with which of the following?
A. Abciximab
B. Cilostazol
C. Lepirudin
D. Plasminogen
E. Vitamin K1 - - CORRECT ANSWER - >C. Lepirudin
1
,A 50-year-old man has a history of frequent episodes of renal colic with calciumcontaining renal stones. A careful workup
indicates that he has a defect in proximal tubular calcium reabsorption, which results in high concentrations of calcium
salts in the tubular urine. The most useful diuretic agent in the treatment of recurrent calcium stones is
A. Acetazolamide
B. Furosemide
C. Hydrochlorothiazide
D. Mannitol
E. Spironolactone - - CORRECT ANSWER - >C. Hydrochlorothiazide
A 58-year-old woman with lung cancer has abnormally low serum osmolality. A drug that increases the formation of dilute
urine and is used to treat SIADH is
A. Acetazolamide
B. Amiloride
C. Conivaptan
D. Desmopressin
E. Ethacrynic acid
F. Furosemide
G. Hydrochlorothiazide
H. Mannitol
I. Spironolactone
J. Triamterene - - CORRECT ANSWER - >C. Conivaptan
A 58-year-old woman with chronic hypertension and diabetes mellitus was recently admitted to the hospital for congestive
heart failure and new onset atrial fibrillation. She is now seeing you after discharge and, though feeling better, is still in atrial
fibrillation. An echocardiogram shows an ejection fraction of 40%; there are no valvular abnormalities. An ECG
reveals only atrial fibrillation. You calculate her risk using the CHADS (2) system and the score indicates that she requires
anticoagulation rather than antiplatelet therapy. You are discussing the risks and benefits of anticoagulation therapy with
her, including the option of using direct thrombin inhibitors. Which of the following anticoagulants is a direct inhibitor of
thrombin?
(A) Abciximab
(B) Dabigatran
2
,(C) Rivaroxaban
(D) Warfarin - - CORRECT ANSWER - >(B) Dabigatran
The ANSWER is B. Abciximab is an antiplatelet agent that binds to and inhibits GPIIb/IIIa. Rivaroxaban is an oral factor X
inhibitor and warfarin inhibits vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKOR)
A 59-year-old male patient in the intensive care unit has a metabolic alkalosis. Which therapy will treat this condition?
A. Amiloride
B. Hydrochlorothiazide
C. Mannitol
D. Acetazolamide - - CORRECT ANSWER - >D. Acetazolamide
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors increases the urinary excretion of bicarbonate and lowers the pH
A patient with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction researched his medications on the Internet and found he was
taking two "diuretics," bumetanide and spironolactone. He asks if this is a mistake with his therapy.
What is the best response?
A. Spironolactone is used to prevent hyponatremia.
B. Spironolactone is used to reduce heart structure changes and decrease the risk of death.
C. Bumetanide is used to decrease the potassium lost from spironolactone therapy.
D. This is a duplication error and one diuretic should be stopped. - - CORRECT ANSWER - >B. Spironolactone is used to
reduce heart structure changes and decrease the risk of death.
A male patient is placed on a new medication and notes that his breasts have become enlarged and tender to the touch.
Which medication is the most likely taking?
A. Furosemide
B. Hydrochlorothiazide
C. Spironolactone
D. Triamterene - - CORRECT ANSWER - >C. Spironolactone
An adverse drug reaction to spironolactone is gynecomastia due to its effects on androgens and progesterone in the body.
3
, Which diuretic has been shown to improve blood pressure in resistant hypertension or those already treated with three
blood pressure medications including a thiazide or thiazide-like medication?
A. Indapamide
B. Furosemide
C. Mannitol
D. Spironolactone - - CORRECT ANSWER - >D. Spironolactone
A 23-year-old woman is using an albuterol inhaler for frequent acute episodes of asthma and complains of symptoms that
she ascribes to the albuterol. Which of the following is not a recognized action of albuterol?
A. Diuretic effect
B. Positive inotropic effect
C. Skeletal muscle tremor
D. Smooth muscle relaxation
E. Tachycardia - - CORRECT ANSWER - >A. Diuretic effect
Patient is admitted to the emergency department after a drug overdose. He is noted to have hypotension and severe
bradycardia. He has been receiving therapy for hypertension and angina. Which of the following drugs in high doses causes
bradycardia? A. Amlodipine
B. Isosorbide dinitrate
C. Nitroglycerin
D. Prazosin
E. Verapamil - - CORRECT ANSWER - >E. Verapamil
One effect that theophylline, nitroglycerin, isoproterenol, and have in common is
A. Direct stimulation of cardiac contractile force
B. Tachycardia
C. Bronchodilation
D. Postural hypotension
4
