HES 345 Exam 2 ACTUAL UPDATED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What is I-Don't-Care-itis? A common condition in which an individual has no interest in adopting a healthy
lifestyle
Symptoms of I-Don't-Care-itis Family/culture, feeling threatened, feeling discouraged, lack of trust in health
experts, belief in already being healthy, feeling like its worth it to be happy and
sick, belief there is nothing wrong, pill to fix it
Immigration studies (1983 and 2012) Japanese who lived in Japan had no heart disease, Japanese who had migrated to
Hawaii had the disease and, Japanese who migrated to America had even more
heart disease than the Japanese Hawaiians
The Bogalusa Study (1966-2006) A study of children through their 30s-40s to determine what lifestyle behaviors
caused heart disease
What is atherosclerosis? A disease of the arteries characterized by the deposition of plaques of fatty
material on their inner walls called atherosclerotic plaque
Cancer Uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells
How does cancer kill? Vital passages get blocked preventing oxygen and nutrients from being delivered
Cell proliferation The process of cells growing and dividing
Metastasis The process by which cancer cells spread from the original tumor to other parts
of the body
Carcinogen A substance, organism or agent that causes cancer
Who gets cancer? One out of every three American adults will get cancer, and 23% of all Americans
will die of it
Free radical (carcinogen) Any atom with a single electron in its outmost bonding orbital (unstable)
What can free radicals do? Attach to other molecules and form bonds, give up their extra electron to another
molecule, take electrons from another molecule
Examples of free radicals Produced in our own bodies, UV light, burned food, pollution, etc
Antioxidants Donate electrons or hydrogen ions without having to replace it
, Types of antioxidants Vitamins C, E and phytochemicals
3 types of artery wall repairs Angioplasty, stent, bypass
Cardiovascular disease Pathological condition that affects the heart and circulatory system
What are the 3 types of heart disease? Coronary disease (CHD), carotid artery disease, peripheral vascular disease
What are the MAIN risk factors related to cardiovascular Physical inactivity and smoking
disease?
What does physical inactivity cause? Higher body fat, low HDL cholesterol, stress, and high blood pressure
What does smoking cause? High blood pressure
Where do MOST free radicals come from? Our bodies
What causes a heart attack? Build up of fats blocking the vessel
Functions of cholesterol Maintain cell membranes, hormones, and nerve fibers, acts as a moisture barrier
on the skin
HDL high density lipoprotein, transports
LDL low-density lipoprotein, releases
VLDL very low-density lipoprotein
Where do HDLs come from? We produce them through exercise
Where to LDLs come from? We eat LDLs mostly from animal fats
To lower LDLs... Loose body fat, diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol, high fiber, add mono
and poly unsaturated fat, soy protein and stanol ester
To lower triglycerides... Loose weight, exercise, healthier diet
Homocysteine An amino acid that may enhance plaque formation, used to build proteins and
carry out cell metabolism, typically does not accumulate in blood
To lower the risk for diabetes... Loose weight, exercise, healthier diet
What is I-Don't-Care-itis? A common condition in which an individual has no interest in adopting a healthy
lifestyle
Symptoms of I-Don't-Care-itis Family/culture, feeling threatened, feeling discouraged, lack of trust in health
experts, belief in already being healthy, feeling like its worth it to be happy and
sick, belief there is nothing wrong, pill to fix it
Immigration studies (1983 and 2012) Japanese who lived in Japan had no heart disease, Japanese who had migrated to
Hawaii had the disease and, Japanese who migrated to America had even more
heart disease than the Japanese Hawaiians
The Bogalusa Study (1966-2006) A study of children through their 30s-40s to determine what lifestyle behaviors
caused heart disease
What is atherosclerosis? A disease of the arteries characterized by the deposition of plaques of fatty
material on their inner walls called atherosclerotic plaque
Cancer Uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells
How does cancer kill? Vital passages get blocked preventing oxygen and nutrients from being delivered
Cell proliferation The process of cells growing and dividing
Metastasis The process by which cancer cells spread from the original tumor to other parts
of the body
Carcinogen A substance, organism or agent that causes cancer
Who gets cancer? One out of every three American adults will get cancer, and 23% of all Americans
will die of it
Free radical (carcinogen) Any atom with a single electron in its outmost bonding orbital (unstable)
What can free radicals do? Attach to other molecules and form bonds, give up their extra electron to another
molecule, take electrons from another molecule
Examples of free radicals Produced in our own bodies, UV light, burned food, pollution, etc
Antioxidants Donate electrons or hydrogen ions without having to replace it
, Types of antioxidants Vitamins C, E and phytochemicals
3 types of artery wall repairs Angioplasty, stent, bypass
Cardiovascular disease Pathological condition that affects the heart and circulatory system
What are the 3 types of heart disease? Coronary disease (CHD), carotid artery disease, peripheral vascular disease
What are the MAIN risk factors related to cardiovascular Physical inactivity and smoking
disease?
What does physical inactivity cause? Higher body fat, low HDL cholesterol, stress, and high blood pressure
What does smoking cause? High blood pressure
Where do MOST free radicals come from? Our bodies
What causes a heart attack? Build up of fats blocking the vessel
Functions of cholesterol Maintain cell membranes, hormones, and nerve fibers, acts as a moisture barrier
on the skin
HDL high density lipoprotein, transports
LDL low-density lipoprotein, releases
VLDL very low-density lipoprotein
Where do HDLs come from? We produce them through exercise
Where to LDLs come from? We eat LDLs mostly from animal fats
To lower LDLs... Loose body fat, diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol, high fiber, add mono
and poly unsaturated fat, soy protein and stanol ester
To lower triglycerides... Loose weight, exercise, healthier diet
Homocysteine An amino acid that may enhance plaque formation, used to build proteins and
carry out cell metabolism, typically does not accumulate in blood
To lower the risk for diabetes... Loose weight, exercise, healthier diet
