HES 145 CSU Exam #1 Study Guide ACTUAL UPDATED QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
Definition of Health: A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not just the absence
of disease.
Definition of Wellness: The active process of becoming aware of and making choices toward a healthy
and fulfilling life.
Measures of overall health include Life expectancy, cause of death, healthspan/HALE, and quality of life
indicators.
Life Expectancy (LE): The average number of years a person is expected to live.
US LE in 1900 was about 47 years old.
Primary cause of death in 1900: Infectious diseases (e.g., pneumonia, tuberculosis, influenza).
THE US LE in 2019 was about 79 years old.
Contributors to LE increase Advances in medicine, sanitation, vaccines, and nutrition. Biggest impact: reduced
infant mortality.
The top 3 causes of death in 2019 were Heart disease, cancer, and accidents.
Top 3 causes of death in 2023: Heart disease, cancer, and COVID-19.
US LE in 2023 is about 77 years old.
Causes of LE drop 2019-2021: COVID-19, drug overdoses, and chronic diseases.
2019-2023 cancer & preventable death trends Cancer death rates decreased; preventable deaths increased.
The highest LE state in 2023 is Hawaii.
The lowest LE state in 2023 is Mississippi.
Reasons for LE state differences: Lifestyle, socioeconomic factors, and healthcare access.
CORRECT ANSWERS
Definition of Health: A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not just the absence
of disease.
Definition of Wellness: The active process of becoming aware of and making choices toward a healthy
and fulfilling life.
Measures of overall health include Life expectancy, cause of death, healthspan/HALE, and quality of life
indicators.
Life Expectancy (LE): The average number of years a person is expected to live.
US LE in 1900 was about 47 years old.
Primary cause of death in 1900: Infectious diseases (e.g., pneumonia, tuberculosis, influenza).
THE US LE in 2019 was about 79 years old.
Contributors to LE increase Advances in medicine, sanitation, vaccines, and nutrition. Biggest impact: reduced
infant mortality.
The top 3 causes of death in 2019 were Heart disease, cancer, and accidents.
Top 3 causes of death in 2023: Heart disease, cancer, and COVID-19.
US LE in 2023 is about 77 years old.
Causes of LE drop 2019-2021: COVID-19, drug overdoses, and chronic diseases.
2019-2023 cancer & preventable death trends Cancer death rates decreased; preventable deaths increased.
The highest LE state in 2023 is Hawaii.
The lowest LE state in 2023 is Mississippi.
Reasons for LE state differences: Lifestyle, socioeconomic factors, and healthcare access.
