CMN 548 MODULE 3 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH SOLUTIONS 2026-2027
WHAT IS PSYCHOTHERAPY? - correct answer-•A process of therapeutic engagement
•A therapy meant to alleviate suffering and grief, help relieve existing symptoms
•A growth experience encouraged through a structured method and therapeutic relationship
•A method to regain equilibrium and achieve improved methods of coping and adaptation to life
•A complex interpersonal and intrapersonal phenomenon that fosters improved social relationships and s
ocial support
What are some examples for different types of psychotherapy? - correct answer-
•Psychoanalytic/psychodynamic (such as Freudian, Jungian, Rogerian)
•Behavioral
•Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy & Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and subsequent derivatives, suc
h as Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing
•Biofeedback
•Humanistic
•Supportive Psychotherapy
•Play Therapy for children (various derivatives from the models mentioned above)
What are Freud's stages of psychosexual development? - correct answer-
Oral, Anal, Oedipal, Latency, Genital
•A psychosexual theory based on these stages and emphasizing the interaction of the Id (basic impulses/
instincts), Superego (moral force within) and Ego (the balancing force between the Ego and Superego)
What is psychoanalysis? - correct answer-
•Use of the couch for therapy so that the therapist can engage in "free association" without the interfere
nce of looking at the analyst; sessions usually 3-4 days per week, from 3-5 years or more
What is the psychodynamic approach? - correct answer-•Usually 1-
2 times weekly, no couch, considered a potent tool of treatment, but not as "comprehensive" as a formal
analysis, length of therapy may vary from brief to long-term
,What is transference? - correct answer-
what the patient projects onto the analyst from their unresolved past experiences
What is countertransference? - correct answer-what the analyst projects onto the patient
Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy Training: - correct answer-usually a two year course of study post-
graduate, for those who would like to practice psychotherapy under this model
Psychoanalytic Training: - correct answer-a four-year course of post-
graduate study which also includes completion of a personal psychoanalysis and successful analysis of a
t least two patients under supervision
GOALS OF PSYCHOANALYSIS - correct answer-•To produce a fundamental change in character
•The uncovering of unconscious conflicts
•To induce behavioral change motivated by new insights
•To correct developmental fixations and create more adultCresponses to situations that occur
•Freud: "To be able to love and to work."
Fundamental tools for psychoanalysis: - correct answer-
•Fundamental tools include: (1) Acceptance of the patient for who they are, (2) Understandingconscious
and unconscious contributions to the person's character, and (3) Interpretation of behaviors and thought
s based on # 2
JUNGIAN ANALYSIS - correct answer-De-emphasizes psychosexual development
•Talks about two psychological types: The Introvert and the Extrovert
•Places an emphasis on the "Collective Unconscious": that unconscious part of us that is inherited from
many many generations past, whose experiences and memories are rooted in each of us in some particul
ar way
•Speaks of the anima (the unconscious feminine component in every man) and the animus (the unconsci
ous masculine component in every woman) and how these are played out in both health and pathology
, Who is the father of behaviorism? - correct answer-Watson
Classical Conditioning (Pavlov) - correct answer-
•experiments on feeding dogs at certain times with use of a bell ahead of time induced salivation
•Operant Conditioning (B.F. Skinner) - correct answer-
the "Skinner Box" used to train rats to eat by use of reward of hitting a lever; this led to principles of re
inforcement and punishment
Example of Positive reinforcement: - correct answer-
To encourage better grades in school, a parent might allow a child to play more video games if they kee
p their grades up
Example of Negative reinforcement: - correct answer-
A child is adverse to his father's nagging; to improve the child's behavior the father stops nagging
•Remember: positive (something added); negative (something removed)
Example of Positive Punishment: - correct answer-
A child is doing poorly in math, so now has to do more chores. Also the Bell & Pad technique for bed
wetting behaviors.
•Remember: positive (something added); negative (something removed)
Example of Negative Punishment: - correct answer-
A child is doing poorly in math, so now video games are removed
•Remember: positive (something added); negative (something removed)
Who started Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy (REBT)? - correct answer-Albert Ellis
-"we disturb ourselves with our disturbances"
WITH SOLUTIONS 2026-2027
WHAT IS PSYCHOTHERAPY? - correct answer-•A process of therapeutic engagement
•A therapy meant to alleviate suffering and grief, help relieve existing symptoms
•A growth experience encouraged through a structured method and therapeutic relationship
•A method to regain equilibrium and achieve improved methods of coping and adaptation to life
•A complex interpersonal and intrapersonal phenomenon that fosters improved social relationships and s
ocial support
What are some examples for different types of psychotherapy? - correct answer-
•Psychoanalytic/psychodynamic (such as Freudian, Jungian, Rogerian)
•Behavioral
•Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy & Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and subsequent derivatives, suc
h as Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing
•Biofeedback
•Humanistic
•Supportive Psychotherapy
•Play Therapy for children (various derivatives from the models mentioned above)
What are Freud's stages of psychosexual development? - correct answer-
Oral, Anal, Oedipal, Latency, Genital
•A psychosexual theory based on these stages and emphasizing the interaction of the Id (basic impulses/
instincts), Superego (moral force within) and Ego (the balancing force between the Ego and Superego)
What is psychoanalysis? - correct answer-
•Use of the couch for therapy so that the therapist can engage in "free association" without the interfere
nce of looking at the analyst; sessions usually 3-4 days per week, from 3-5 years or more
What is the psychodynamic approach? - correct answer-•Usually 1-
2 times weekly, no couch, considered a potent tool of treatment, but not as "comprehensive" as a formal
analysis, length of therapy may vary from brief to long-term
,What is transference? - correct answer-
what the patient projects onto the analyst from their unresolved past experiences
What is countertransference? - correct answer-what the analyst projects onto the patient
Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy Training: - correct answer-usually a two year course of study post-
graduate, for those who would like to practice psychotherapy under this model
Psychoanalytic Training: - correct answer-a four-year course of post-
graduate study which also includes completion of a personal psychoanalysis and successful analysis of a
t least two patients under supervision
GOALS OF PSYCHOANALYSIS - correct answer-•To produce a fundamental change in character
•The uncovering of unconscious conflicts
•To induce behavioral change motivated by new insights
•To correct developmental fixations and create more adultCresponses to situations that occur
•Freud: "To be able to love and to work."
Fundamental tools for psychoanalysis: - correct answer-
•Fundamental tools include: (1) Acceptance of the patient for who they are, (2) Understandingconscious
and unconscious contributions to the person's character, and (3) Interpretation of behaviors and thought
s based on # 2
JUNGIAN ANALYSIS - correct answer-De-emphasizes psychosexual development
•Talks about two psychological types: The Introvert and the Extrovert
•Places an emphasis on the "Collective Unconscious": that unconscious part of us that is inherited from
many many generations past, whose experiences and memories are rooted in each of us in some particul
ar way
•Speaks of the anima (the unconscious feminine component in every man) and the animus (the unconsci
ous masculine component in every woman) and how these are played out in both health and pathology
, Who is the father of behaviorism? - correct answer-Watson
Classical Conditioning (Pavlov) - correct answer-
•experiments on feeding dogs at certain times with use of a bell ahead of time induced salivation
•Operant Conditioning (B.F. Skinner) - correct answer-
the "Skinner Box" used to train rats to eat by use of reward of hitting a lever; this led to principles of re
inforcement and punishment
Example of Positive reinforcement: - correct answer-
To encourage better grades in school, a parent might allow a child to play more video games if they kee
p their grades up
Example of Negative reinforcement: - correct answer-
A child is adverse to his father's nagging; to improve the child's behavior the father stops nagging
•Remember: positive (something added); negative (something removed)
Example of Positive Punishment: - correct answer-
A child is doing poorly in math, so now has to do more chores. Also the Bell & Pad technique for bed
wetting behaviors.
•Remember: positive (something added); negative (something removed)
Example of Negative Punishment: - correct answer-
A child is doing poorly in math, so now video games are removed
•Remember: positive (something added); negative (something removed)
Who started Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy (REBT)? - correct answer-Albert Ellis
-"we disturb ourselves with our disturbances"
