NUR 302 - CHAPTER 1, RESEARCH CH. 1, RESEARCH - CHAPTER 1 QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST 2026

NUR 302 - CHAPTER 1, RESEARCH CH. 1, RESEARCH - CHAPTER 1 QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST 2026 Which of the following groups would be best served by the development of a scientific base for nursing practice? A) Nursing administrators B) Practicing nurses C) Nurses' clients D) Health care policymakers - Answers C. An especially important goal for the nursing profession is to do which of the following? A) Conduct research to better understand the context of nursing practice B) Establish a solid base of evidence for practice through disciplined research C) Document the role nursing serves in society D) Establish research priorities - Answers B Which of the following is a fundamental belief of those who hold to the constructivist paradigm? A) A fixed reality exists in nature for humans to understand B) The nature of reality has changed over time C) Reality is multiply constructed and multiply interpreted by humans D) Reality cannot be studied empirically - Answers C Which of the following is a fundamental belief of those who hold to the positivist paradigm? A) The researcher is objective and independent of those being studied B) The researcher cannot interact with those being studied C) The researcher instructs those being studied to be objective in providing information D) The distance between the researcher and those being researched is minimized to enhance the interactive process - Answers A Which of the following attributes is least characteristic of the traditional scientific method? A) Control over external factors B) Systematic measurement and observation of natural phenomena C) Testing of hunches deduced from theory or prior research D) Emphasis on a holistic view of a phenomenon, studied in a rich context - Answers D Empiricism refers to which of the following? A) Making generalizations from specific observations B) Articulating a study purpose in terms of an appropriate classification system C) Gathering evidence about real-world phenomena through the senses D) Verifying the assumptions on which the study was based - Answers C Which of the following is a hallmark of the scientific method? A) Rigorous B) Holistic C) Systematic D) Flexible - Answers D Which of the following limits the capacity of the scientific method to answer questions about humans? A) The necessity of departing from traditional beliefs B) The difficulty of accurately measuring complex human traits C) The lack of funding for research D) The shortage of theories about human behavior - Answers B The classic scientific method has its intellectual roots in which of the following? A) Positivism B) Determinism C) Constructivism D) Empiricism - Answers A Constructivist qualitative research typically does which of the following? A) Involves deductive processes B) Attempts to control the research context to better understand the phenomenon being studied C) Involves gathering narrative, subjective materials D) Focuses on numeric information - Answers C Quantitative and qualitative research share which of the following features? Select all that apply. A) A desire to understand the true state of human affairs B) An emphasis on formal measurement C) A reliance on external evidence collected through the senses D) Utility to the nursing profession - Answers A, C, D Which of the following is a descriptive question that a qualitative researcher most likely would ask? A) What is the nature of this phenomenon? B) What is the average intensity of this phenomenon? C) How frequently does this phenomenon occur? D) What is the average duration of this phenomenon? - Answers A A researcher wants to investigate the effect of patients' body position on blood pressure. The study would most likely be of which type? A) Qualitative B) Quantitative C) Either quantitative or qualitative (researcher preference) D) Insufficient information to determine - Answers B A researcher wants to explore the process by which men make decisions about treatment for prostate cancer. The researcher's paradigm is most likely which of the following? A) Positivism B) Determinism C) Empiricism D) Constructivism - Answers D Which of the following would be most strongly associated with cause-probing research? A) Identification B) Description C) Exploration D) Explanation - Answers D Nursing has experienced constant change over the past decades as a result of increased research. When determining best practices, nursing decisions should do which of the following? Select all that apply. A) Be based on tradition B) Include holistic approaches C) Be clinically appropriate D) Be cost effective - Answers C, D Evidenced-based nursing primarily uses which of the following to answer clinical questions? A) Consulting an authority B) Using intuition C) Obtaining the newest research D) Relying on experience - Answers C The major difference between quantitative and qualitative research is that qualitative research seeks to find answers based on which of the following? A) Solid factual data B) Experiences or descriptions C) Etiology D) Systematic process - Answers B Which of the following research focuses is qualitative? A) Weekend and night outcomes of patients admitted to a specific hospital system's trauma departments B) Trends in hospitalizations of patients with antibiotic-resistant tuberculosis C) Predicting risks for serious complications with abdominal surgery D) Needs of nursing students living with chronic illness - Answers D When little is known about a phenomenon or the phenomenon is not clearly identified, the best type of research suited to uncover this is which of the following? A) Exploration B) Description C) Identification D) Prediction - Answers C Consumers of research do which of the following? A) Design studies B) Undertake studies C) Produce research D) Read research - Answers D When nurses rely primarily on tradition, they are most likely to do which of the following? A) Produce a precise range of answers B) Increase new knowledge C) Maintain an unbiased perspective D) Undermine effective problem solving - Answers D A research nurse understands that evidenced-based practice in nursing does which of the following? A) Relies on tradition B) Consults recognized authorities C) Depends primarily on textbooks D) Is based on the latest research - Answers D Non-research-based evidence includes which of the following? Select all that apply. A) Unit culture B) Nurse's experience C) Qualitative studies D) Trial and error - Answers C Which source of evidence is best for EBP - Answers Disciplined research (performed with thorough review/ scientific background) List sources of evidence for nursing practice. - Answers Tradition, Authority, Assembled information, Disciplined research List the three paradigms. - Answers Positivists, Post-positivists, Constructivisits Positivist paradigm - Answers o has a reality that can be observed or studied o the reality is true whether it can be observed by humans or not o Focused on the "why" behind the "what" Ex. diaper rash- why, what caused it? Post-positivists - Answers o hold the same beliefs as positivists but not as structured o not "all" can be known with "complete" certainty o will accept strong possibilities as evidence Constructivists (naturalist) - Answers o different realities exist for different individuals based on their individual perception of events o therefore, no absolute truth can be known o the participants chosen for the study have a different impact on the outcomes of the study based on their individual perceptions o researchers and participants should have perceptions closely aligned List the three primary research methods. - Answers Quantitative, Qualitative, Mixed Quantitative research - Answers o Most often allied with the positivist tradition o Relies on numbers and variances, follows strict guidelines and scientific methods, control situations to reduce bias and increase validity, goal is to generalize findings to more than the sample of participants, must be able to measure the phenomenon being studied Which research method aligns with the positivist tradition? - Answers Quantitative research Qualitative research - Answers o most often allied with the naturalist tradition o Favored by constructivists, focus is on understanding the human experience, consists of focused interviews on perceptions and experiences, looks for commonalities among interviewees, sometimes referred to as "themes", often used to generate new knowledge and insight Which research method aligns with the constructivist (naturalist) tradition? - Answers Qualitative research Mixed research method - Answers o A study that contains both a quantitative portion and a qualitative portion o Each portion may be equal, or one portion may hold more weight o The quantitative portion may influence the qualitative study or vice versa TRUE OR FALSE: One study is not better than another, it depends on what you are studying - Answers TRUE What is the highest priority for the importance of research in the nursing profession? -Research findings provide evidence for informing nurses' decisions and actions. -Conduct research to better understand the context of nursing practice. -Document the role that nurses serve in society. -Establish nursing research areas of study. - Answers Research findings provide evidence for informing nurses' decisions and actions Which group would be best served by clinical nursing research? -Nursing administrators -Practicing nurses -Nurses' clients -Healthcare policymakers - Answers Nurses' clients In the United States, in what area does research play an important role in nursing? A) Chronic illness B) Credentialing and status C) Nurses' personalities D) Nurses' education - Answers Credentialing and status What is the role of a consumer of nursing research? -Read research reports for relevant findings. -Participate in generating evidence by doing research. -Participate in journal club in a practice setting. -Solve clinical problems and make clinical decisions. - Answers Read research reports for relevant findings What was the concern of most nursing studies in the early 1900s? A) Client satisfaction B) Clinical problems C) Health promotion D) Nursing education - Answers Nursing education Which topic most closely conforms to the priorities that have been suggested for future nursing research? A) Attitudes of nursing students toward smoking. B) Promotion of excellence in nursing science. C) Nursing staff morale and turnover. D) Number of doctorate prepared nurses in various clinical specialties. - Answers Promotion of excellence in nursing science What is the process of deductive reasoning? Verifying assumptions that are part of our heritage. Developing specific predictions from general principles. Empirically testing observations that are made known through our senses. Forming generalizations from specific observations. - Answers Developing specific predictions from general principles What is the ontological assumption of those espousing a naturalistic paradigm? A) Objective reality and those natural phenomena are regular and orderly. B) Phenomena are not haphazard and result from prior causes. C) Reality is multiply constructed and multiply interpreted by humans.