COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND REVIEW NOTES
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Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
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, adhocracy organizational culture thrust: create
means: adaptability, creativity, agility
ends: innovation, growth, cutting-edge output
market organizational culture thrust: compete
means: customer focus, productivity, enhancing competitiveness
ends: market share, profitability, goal achievement
hierarchy organizational culture thrust: control
means: capable processes, consistency, process control, measurement
ends: efficiency, timeliness, smooth, functioning
3 types of organizations for-profit, nonprofit, mutual-benefit
for-profit organization formed to make money, or profits, by offering products or services
nonprofit organization formed to offer services to some clients, not to make a profit
mutual-benefit organization voluntary collectives whose purpose is to advance members' interests
organization chart box-and-lines illustration showing the formal lines of authority and the
organization's official positions or work specializations
7 elements of an organization 1. common purpose
2. coordinated effort
3. division of labor
4. hierarchy of authority/chain of command
5. span of control/management
6. authority, responsibility, and delegation
7. centralization vs. decentralization of authority
span of control number of people reporting to a given manager