UNIVERSITY OF OREGON COMPLETE STUDY
GUIDE PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND NOTES
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, Post-racial ideology a discourse that denotes an end to a period of racial prejudice and discrimination.
The term "post-racial" first appeared in 1976. In the 90s it was connected to
greater visibility of multiracial individuals. From 2002-2007 was used in press
discussions of a new generation of black politicians. Became widespread in 2008
with Obama's election
Stereotypes widely held, oversimplified perceptions or ideas about a particular type of person
or group. They occur when there are vast inequalities of power, and are a key
element of symbolic power— the power to mark, assign, and ritually exclude or
set apart.
Tropes recurring themes or narrative devices
Controlling images images designed to naturalize and normalize ideologies and discourses about
racial minority groups in order to solidify control over them
Intersectionality a theoretical framework that recognizes the interconnected nature of social
categorizations (e.g. race, gender, class) and the relationship with overlapping
and interlocking systems of discrimination or disadvantage
Representational intersectionality stereotypes based on multiple categories of identity intersect within media and
popular culture, creating unique and specific narratives for marginalized groups
Political intersectionality social justice projects that use a single-axis framework that further marginalizes
those at the intersection of multiple systems of oppression
Structural intersectionality overlapping structures of subordination (e.g. structural racism, sexism,
heterosexism, classism, etc.) compound inequalities and disadvantages
The Mammy The image of the faithful, obedient, black female servant. Depicted as an asexual
surrogate mother who is loving, nurturing, and caring to the white children within
the family she serves
The Black matriarch The image of the working-class, single-parent black mother unable to fulfill their
traditional "womanly" duties as caretakers of the home and family. Connected to
the Black woman as superwoman myth
The Welfare Queen Images of black single mothers— with multiple children— living in poverty who
abuse drugs and/or rely on social welfare programs. Product of early 1980s
political discourses of the Reagan administration focused on welfare reform and
the War on Drugs