ESSENTIALS OF STRENGTH TRAINING AND
CONDITIONING 2026 FINAL PAPER SOLVED
QUESTIONS ANSWER KEY APLUS
◉ Catabolism.
Answer: the breakdown of large molecules into smaller molecules,
associated with the release of energy
◉ Anabolism.
Answer: the synthesis of larger molecules from smaller molecules;
can be accomplished using the energy from catabolic reactions
◉ Exergonic reactions.
Answer: energy-releasing reactions that are generally catabolic
◉ Endergonic reaction.
Answer: require energy and include anabolic processes and the
contraction of muscle
◉ Metabolism.
Answer: the total of all the catabolic (exergonic) and anabolic
(endergonic) reactions in a biological system
,◉ Adensosine triphosphate (ATP).
Answer: allows the transfer of energy from exergonic to endergonic
reactions
◉ Hydrolysis.
Answer: the breakdown of 1 ATP molecule to yield energy (because
it requires 1 H2O)
◉ Anaerobic processes.
Answer: do not require the presence of oxygen; the phosphagen and
glycolytic systems are anaerobic mechanisms that occur in the
sarcoplasm of a muscle cell
◉ Aerobic processes.
Answer: depend on oxygen; the krebs cycle, electron transport
chain, and the remainder of the oxidative system are aerobic
mechanisms that occur in the mitochondria of muscles cells and
require oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor
◉ Of the three main macronutrients, which can be metabolized for
energy without the direct involvement of oxygen?.
Answer: Carbohydrates
,◉ The magnitude of the contribution of each energy system to
overall work performance is primarily dependent on the
_______________ and secondarily on the ______________..
Answer: intensity of the activity; duration
◉ Glycolosis.
Answer: the breakdown of carbohydrates, either glycogen stored in
the muscle or glucose delivered in the blood, to resynthesize ATP,
still anaerobic, without the presence of oxygen (30 seconds to 2
minutes)
◉ pyruvate is the.
Answer: end result of glycolysis
◉ After pyruvate is made, it can then do one of two things:.
Answer: be converted to lactate in the sarcoplasm (fast glycolysis)
be shuttled into the mitochondria (slow glycolysis)
◉ fast glycolysis (anaerobic).
Answer: pyruvate is converted into lactate, which is faster but
limited in duration
◉ slow glycolysis (aerobic).
, Answer: when pyruvate is shuttled into the mitochondria to undergo
the Kreb's cycle, the process is slower but can undergo a longer
duration
◉ T/F Lactate is the cause of fatigue.
Answer: False
◉ There are two primary mechanisms for resynthesizing ATP during
metabolism:.
Answer: 1. substrate-level phosphorylation
2. oxidative phosphorylation
◉ phosphorylation.
Answer: the process of adding an inorganic phosphate to another
molecule
◉ oxidative phosphorylation.
Answer: the resynthesis of ATP in the electron transport chain
◉ substrate-level phosphorylation.
Answer: the direct resynthesis of ATP from ADP during a single
reaction in the metabolic pathways
CONDITIONING 2026 FINAL PAPER SOLVED
QUESTIONS ANSWER KEY APLUS
◉ Catabolism.
Answer: the breakdown of large molecules into smaller molecules,
associated with the release of energy
◉ Anabolism.
Answer: the synthesis of larger molecules from smaller molecules;
can be accomplished using the energy from catabolic reactions
◉ Exergonic reactions.
Answer: energy-releasing reactions that are generally catabolic
◉ Endergonic reaction.
Answer: require energy and include anabolic processes and the
contraction of muscle
◉ Metabolism.
Answer: the total of all the catabolic (exergonic) and anabolic
(endergonic) reactions in a biological system
,◉ Adensosine triphosphate (ATP).
Answer: allows the transfer of energy from exergonic to endergonic
reactions
◉ Hydrolysis.
Answer: the breakdown of 1 ATP molecule to yield energy (because
it requires 1 H2O)
◉ Anaerobic processes.
Answer: do not require the presence of oxygen; the phosphagen and
glycolytic systems are anaerobic mechanisms that occur in the
sarcoplasm of a muscle cell
◉ Aerobic processes.
Answer: depend on oxygen; the krebs cycle, electron transport
chain, and the remainder of the oxidative system are aerobic
mechanisms that occur in the mitochondria of muscles cells and
require oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor
◉ Of the three main macronutrients, which can be metabolized for
energy without the direct involvement of oxygen?.
Answer: Carbohydrates
,◉ The magnitude of the contribution of each energy system to
overall work performance is primarily dependent on the
_______________ and secondarily on the ______________..
Answer: intensity of the activity; duration
◉ Glycolosis.
Answer: the breakdown of carbohydrates, either glycogen stored in
the muscle or glucose delivered in the blood, to resynthesize ATP,
still anaerobic, without the presence of oxygen (30 seconds to 2
minutes)
◉ pyruvate is the.
Answer: end result of glycolysis
◉ After pyruvate is made, it can then do one of two things:.
Answer: be converted to lactate in the sarcoplasm (fast glycolysis)
be shuttled into the mitochondria (slow glycolysis)
◉ fast glycolysis (anaerobic).
Answer: pyruvate is converted into lactate, which is faster but
limited in duration
◉ slow glycolysis (aerobic).
, Answer: when pyruvate is shuttled into the mitochondria to undergo
the Kreb's cycle, the process is slower but can undergo a longer
duration
◉ T/F Lactate is the cause of fatigue.
Answer: False
◉ There are two primary mechanisms for resynthesizing ATP during
metabolism:.
Answer: 1. substrate-level phosphorylation
2. oxidative phosphorylation
◉ phosphorylation.
Answer: the process of adding an inorganic phosphate to another
molecule
◉ oxidative phosphorylation.
Answer: the resynthesis of ATP in the electron transport chain
◉ substrate-level phosphorylation.
Answer: the direct resynthesis of ATP from ADP during a single
reaction in the metabolic pathways
