CISSN RECENT EXAMS TEST PAPER QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔The intake of which vitamins, below RDA, can result in physical performance
impairments - ✔✔B-vitamins
✔✔Know the general roles of Calcium, Potassium, and Sodium - ✔✔•Calcium - muscle
and nerve function, bone health
•Potassium - heart, muscle and nerve function, electrolyte
•Sodium - heart, muscle, and nerve function, electrolyte
✔✔Which vitamins play a major role in body's metabolism? - ✔✔B vitamins
✔✔What population sees the greatest effect from beta-hyroxy-methylbutyrate (HMB)
supplementation? - ✔✔Sedentary older adults
✔✔What are the effects of pre-exercise dehydration on thermoregulation and exercise
performance - ✔✔•Pre-exercise dehydration leads to increases in body temperature
when compared to the hydrated state and could lead to heat illness
•Dehydration leads to loss of blood volume decreasing the amount of blood that returns
to the heart meaning less oxygen is delivered to muscle and less work can be
performed by the muscles
, ✔✔Approximately how many days of heat exposure does it take to fully acclimate to
exercising in the heat? - ✔✔5-8 days
✔✔What does pre-exercise ingestion of glycerol do? - ✔✔Enhances pre-exercise
hydration status by super-saturating the body with water via water retention
✔✔What is beta-alanine and what does it do when ingested during intense training? -
✔✔Beta alanine is an amino acid that binds with histidine to create carnosine.
Carnosine is an intramuscular buffer and helps prolong high intensity exercise in the 1 -
4min time frame
✔✔What is sweat and where does it come from? - ✔✔Sweat is produced by glands in
the dermis. It is mainly water but also contains some electrolytes such as sodium
(mainly), chloride, and potassium (minimally)
✔✔Which 3 sources supply the body's primary needs for water? - ✔✔Foods, fluids,
normal cellular metabolism
✔✔What minerals may be depleted as a result of sweating? - ✔✔Sodium, potassium,
chloride, magnesium, calcium
✔✔What are the effects of excessive sweating during exercise? - ✔✔Dehydration of 2%
body mass or more reduces exercise performance via increasing body temp and heart
rate at a given intensity of exercise. Excessive dehydration (>7% body mass) is life-
threatening
✔✔What is considered dehydration as it relates to percent change in body weight? -
✔✔Dehydration of 2% body mass is enough to negatively effect physical performance.
✔✔What is the required dose for beta-alanine to achieve an ergogenic effect? - ✔✔4-
6g/day for 4 weeks
✔✔Explain how carnosine is synthesized within the body. - ✔✔•It is synthesized by the
enzyme carnosine synthase from the amino acids L-histidine and beta-alanine
•Beta-alanine is the rate-limiting precursor
✔✔What are the effects of L-alanyl-L-glutamine supplementation on time to exhaustion
and dehydration status - ✔✔•Provides significant ergogenic benefit by increasing time to
exhaustion during mild dehydration
•Helps reduce the amount of dehydration experienced during exercise via increased
water absorption
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔The intake of which vitamins, below RDA, can result in physical performance
impairments - ✔✔B-vitamins
✔✔Know the general roles of Calcium, Potassium, and Sodium - ✔✔•Calcium - muscle
and nerve function, bone health
•Potassium - heart, muscle and nerve function, electrolyte
•Sodium - heart, muscle, and nerve function, electrolyte
✔✔Which vitamins play a major role in body's metabolism? - ✔✔B vitamins
✔✔What population sees the greatest effect from beta-hyroxy-methylbutyrate (HMB)
supplementation? - ✔✔Sedentary older adults
✔✔What are the effects of pre-exercise dehydration on thermoregulation and exercise
performance - ✔✔•Pre-exercise dehydration leads to increases in body temperature
when compared to the hydrated state and could lead to heat illness
•Dehydration leads to loss of blood volume decreasing the amount of blood that returns
to the heart meaning less oxygen is delivered to muscle and less work can be
performed by the muscles
, ✔✔Approximately how many days of heat exposure does it take to fully acclimate to
exercising in the heat? - ✔✔5-8 days
✔✔What does pre-exercise ingestion of glycerol do? - ✔✔Enhances pre-exercise
hydration status by super-saturating the body with water via water retention
✔✔What is beta-alanine and what does it do when ingested during intense training? -
✔✔Beta alanine is an amino acid that binds with histidine to create carnosine.
Carnosine is an intramuscular buffer and helps prolong high intensity exercise in the 1 -
4min time frame
✔✔What is sweat and where does it come from? - ✔✔Sweat is produced by glands in
the dermis. It is mainly water but also contains some electrolytes such as sodium
(mainly), chloride, and potassium (minimally)
✔✔Which 3 sources supply the body's primary needs for water? - ✔✔Foods, fluids,
normal cellular metabolism
✔✔What minerals may be depleted as a result of sweating? - ✔✔Sodium, potassium,
chloride, magnesium, calcium
✔✔What are the effects of excessive sweating during exercise? - ✔✔Dehydration of 2%
body mass or more reduces exercise performance via increasing body temp and heart
rate at a given intensity of exercise. Excessive dehydration (>7% body mass) is life-
threatening
✔✔What is considered dehydration as it relates to percent change in body weight? -
✔✔Dehydration of 2% body mass is enough to negatively effect physical performance.
✔✔What is the required dose for beta-alanine to achieve an ergogenic effect? - ✔✔4-
6g/day for 4 weeks
✔✔Explain how carnosine is synthesized within the body. - ✔✔•It is synthesized by the
enzyme carnosine synthase from the amino acids L-histidine and beta-alanine
•Beta-alanine is the rate-limiting precursor
✔✔What are the effects of L-alanyl-L-glutamine supplementation on time to exhaustion
and dehydration status - ✔✔•Provides significant ergogenic benefit by increasing time to
exhaustion during mild dehydration
•Helps reduce the amount of dehydration experienced during exercise via increased
water absorption
