APEX Anesthesia Mock Exams 1 & 2 (Latest
2026/ 2027 Update) 100% Verified
Questions & Answers {Grade A}
Choose The BEST Neuromuscular Blockers For The Patient With Hypertrophic
Cardiomyopathy.
A. Atracurium
B. Rocuronium
C. Pancuronium
D. Vecuronium. - correct answer B. Rocuronium
D. Vecuronium
Explanation:
- Only Muscle Relaxants That Have Minimal Effect On CV System Should Be
Administered.
Why Other Answer Choices Are Wrong:
- Pancuronium: INC. HR.
,- Atracurium: Histamine Release.
Match Each Type Of Peripheral Nerve To Its Function:
Types Of Peripheral Nerves: A Alpha, A Beta, A Gamma, A Delta
Functions: Motor, Muscle Tone, Pressure, & Temperature. - correct answer A Alpha =
Motor
A Beta = Pressure
A Gamma = Muscle Tone (Muscle Spindles)
A Delta = Temperature.
What Causes Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis? (Select 3.)
A. Lactate
B. Ketoacidosis
C. Diarrhea
D. Excessive Sodium Chloride Administration
E. Renal Failure
F. Renal Tubular Acidosis - correct answer C. Diarrhea
,D. Excessive Sodium Chloride Administration
F. Renal Tubular Acidosis
Explanation:
- Metabolic Acidosis Can Be Categorized Into Gap OR Non-Gap Acidosis.
- Non Gap Metabolic Acidosis Is Caused By LOSS Of HCO3- (Or INC. Cl-). Examples
Include: Diarrhea, Renal Tubular Acidosis & Excessive Sodium Chloride Administration.
Why Other Answer Choices Are Wrong:
- Gap Metabolic Acidosis Is Due To Accumulation Of H+. Examples Include: Lactate,
Ketoacidosis, & Renal Failure.
Dexmedetomidine:
A. Can Cause Hypertension.
B. Reduces Adenylate Cyclase Activity
C. Antagonizes Peripheral Presynaptic A2 Receptors
, D. Increases Inositol Triphosphate Production. - correct answer A. Can Cause
Hypertension
B. Reduces Adenylate Cyclase Activity.
Explanation:
- Dexmedetomidine: Selective A2 Agonist That Works Both Centrally (Presynaptically)
& Peripherally (Postsynaptically).
- The A2 Receptor Is Coupled With Gi Protein Which Leads To DEC. Adenylate Cyclase
Activity + DEC. cAMP
- Central Stimulation Of Alpha 2 Receptors Causes Vasodilation, Sedation and
Analgesia.
- Stimulation Of Peripheral Receptors Initiates Vasoconstriction.
- Rapid Administration Of Dexmedetomidine Can Lead To Paradoxical HTN &
Tachycardia Due to Peripheral Stimulation But This Effect Is Short Lived When Central
Alpha 2 Stimulation Dominates & Causes Sympatholytic.
What Pulmonary Functions Will Increase During Pregnancy? (Select 2.)
2026/ 2027 Update) 100% Verified
Questions & Answers {Grade A}
Choose The BEST Neuromuscular Blockers For The Patient With Hypertrophic
Cardiomyopathy.
A. Atracurium
B. Rocuronium
C. Pancuronium
D. Vecuronium. - correct answer B. Rocuronium
D. Vecuronium
Explanation:
- Only Muscle Relaxants That Have Minimal Effect On CV System Should Be
Administered.
Why Other Answer Choices Are Wrong:
- Pancuronium: INC. HR.
,- Atracurium: Histamine Release.
Match Each Type Of Peripheral Nerve To Its Function:
Types Of Peripheral Nerves: A Alpha, A Beta, A Gamma, A Delta
Functions: Motor, Muscle Tone, Pressure, & Temperature. - correct answer A Alpha =
Motor
A Beta = Pressure
A Gamma = Muscle Tone (Muscle Spindles)
A Delta = Temperature.
What Causes Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis? (Select 3.)
A. Lactate
B. Ketoacidosis
C. Diarrhea
D. Excessive Sodium Chloride Administration
E. Renal Failure
F. Renal Tubular Acidosis - correct answer C. Diarrhea
,D. Excessive Sodium Chloride Administration
F. Renal Tubular Acidosis
Explanation:
- Metabolic Acidosis Can Be Categorized Into Gap OR Non-Gap Acidosis.
- Non Gap Metabolic Acidosis Is Caused By LOSS Of HCO3- (Or INC. Cl-). Examples
Include: Diarrhea, Renal Tubular Acidosis & Excessive Sodium Chloride Administration.
Why Other Answer Choices Are Wrong:
- Gap Metabolic Acidosis Is Due To Accumulation Of H+. Examples Include: Lactate,
Ketoacidosis, & Renal Failure.
Dexmedetomidine:
A. Can Cause Hypertension.
B. Reduces Adenylate Cyclase Activity
C. Antagonizes Peripheral Presynaptic A2 Receptors
, D. Increases Inositol Triphosphate Production. - correct answer A. Can Cause
Hypertension
B. Reduces Adenylate Cyclase Activity.
Explanation:
- Dexmedetomidine: Selective A2 Agonist That Works Both Centrally (Presynaptically)
& Peripherally (Postsynaptically).
- The A2 Receptor Is Coupled With Gi Protein Which Leads To DEC. Adenylate Cyclase
Activity + DEC. cAMP
- Central Stimulation Of Alpha 2 Receptors Causes Vasodilation, Sedation and
Analgesia.
- Stimulation Of Peripheral Receptors Initiates Vasoconstriction.
- Rapid Administration Of Dexmedetomidine Can Lead To Paradoxical HTN &
Tachycardia Due to Peripheral Stimulation But This Effect Is Short Lived When Central
Alpha 2 Stimulation Dominates & Causes Sympatholytic.
What Pulmonary Functions Will Increase During Pregnancy? (Select 2.)
