NHA CCMA 2026 PRACTICE EXAM TEST
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Define Urinary Leukocytes - ✔✔The presence of increased numbers of leukocytes
or white blood cells in the urine is an indicator of bacteriuria or urinary tract infection
(UTI).
✔✔Abbreviation for Urinary Tract Infection - ✔✔UTI
✔✔Granulocytic leukocytes release: - ✔✔Esterase when the cells lyse.
✔✔Testing for leukocyte esterase by: - ✔✔The reagent strip method is used in tandem
with the microscopic examination of urine sediment for the diagnosis of bacteriuria or
UTI.
✔✔A positive test by the reagent strip method is indicated by a: - ✔✔Purple Color
✔✔A _____-______ _____-______ urine sample is usually required for any bacterial
culture. - ✔✔clean catch mid stream
✔✔Probably the most common specialized urine test is the _____ _____. -
✔✔Pregnancy Test
,✔✔Abbreviation for Human Chorionic Gonadotropin - ✔✔hCG
✔✔Abbreviation for Uterine Chorionic Gonadotropin - ✔✔UCG
✔✔Increased levels of hCG are a natural marker for _____. - ✔✔Pregnancy
✔✔Define Hemoccult Fecal Occult Test - ✔✔Is used to detect hidden blood in stool
specimens. The 1st and last portion of the stool after the bowel movement usually
contain concentrations of the substances most often required for testing. In order to
conduct this test, a Hemmocult developing solution is applied to a stool specimen. Any
trace of blue that appears within the specimen is a sign of a positive result.
✔✔Define Throat Culture - ✔✔Are used to detect a bacterial, fungal, or ciral infection in
the throat. In order to conduct this test, the patient should be placed in a comfortable
lying or sitting position. After the patient have been asked to open their mouth, the MA
should depress the patient's tongue then vigorously swab the throat with a sterile swab.
After the specimen is collected, it should correctly labeled with the patient's information.
✔✔Define Sputum Specimen - ✔✔Is used to determine the presence of pathogens in a
patient's respiratory passage. When obtaining the specimen the MA should instruct the
patient to cough deeply, using the abdominal muscles as well as the accessory muscles
to bring up secretions from the lungs as well as the upper airways. After the specimen is
collected, it should correctly labeled with the patient's information.
✔✔Order of Draw for Capillary Specimens - ✔✔1. Lavender Tube
2. Tubes with other additives
3. Tubes without additives
✔✔PKU - ✔✔This test is ordered for infants to detect phenylketonuria, a genetic
disease that causes mental retardation and brain damage. Test is done on blood from
newborn's heel or on urine.
✔✔Order of Draw (BeCause Better Specimens Generate Perfect Goals) - ✔✔1. Blood
Cultures
2. Light Blue Top Tubes
3. Serum or non-additive tube (Red or Red/Gray Top Tubes)
4. Green Top Tubes
5. Lavendar Top Tubes
6. Gray Top Tubes
✔✔Define Infection Control/Chain of Infection - ✔✔Based on the fact that the
transmission of infectious disease will be prevented or stopped when any level in the
chain is broken or interrupted.
,✔✔Define Agents - ✔✔Are infectious , microorganisms that can be classified into
groups namely: viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites.
✔✔Define Portal of Exit - ✔✔The method by which an infectious agent leaves it
reservoir.
✔✔Define Standard Precautions and Transmission-Based Precautions - ✔✔Are
controlled measures aimed at preventing the spread of the disease as infectious agents
exit the reservoir.
✔✔Define Mode Transmission - ✔✔Specific ways in which microorganism travel from
the reservoir to the susceptible host.
✔✔5 Main Types of Mode Transmission: - ✔✔-Contact: direct and indirect
-Droplet
-Airborne
-Common Vehicle
-Vectorborne
✔✔Define Portal Of Entry - ✔✔Allows the infectious agent access to the susceptible
host.
✔✔Common Entry Sites: - ✔✔-Broken Skin
- Mucous Membranes
-Body systems exposed to the external environment such as the respiratory,
gastrointestinal, and reproductive.
✔✔What methods are used to limit the transmission of infectious agents: - ✔✔-Wound
Care
-Transmission-Based Precautions
-Aseptic Technique
✔✔Define Susceptible Host - ✔✔The infectious agent enters a person who is not
resistant or immune. Control at this level is directed towards the identification of the
patients at risk, treat their underlying condition for susceptibility, or isolate them from the
reservoir.
✔✔Define Medical Asepsis - ✔✔The destruction of pathogenic microorganisms after
them leave the body. It also involves environmental hygiene measures such as
equipment cleaning and disinfection procedures.
✔✔Define Disinfection - ✔✔This procedure used in medical asepsis using various
chemicals that can be used to destroy many pathogenic microorganisms. Since
chemicals can irritate skin and mucous membranes, they are only used on inanimate
objects.
, ✔✔Boiling water at what temperature is considered a form of disinfected: - ✔✔212 F
✔✔What is the ratio of bleach and water is a disinfected: - ✔✔1:10
✔✔Define Surgical Asepsis - ✔✔All microbial life, pathogens, pathogens and non-
pathogens, are destroyed before an invasive procedure is performed. Often used
interchangeably.
✔✔4 Methods of Sterilization - ✔✔-Gas Sterilization
-Dry Heat Sterilization
-Chemical Sterilization
-Steam Sterilization
✔✔Define Gas Sterilization - ✔✔Often used for wheelchairs and hospital beds. Useful in
hospitals, but costly for the office.
✔✔Define Dry Heat Sterilization - ✔✔Requires higher temperature that steam
sterilization but longer exposure times. Used for instruments that easily corrodes.
✔✔Define Chemical Sterilization - ✔✔Uses the same chemical used for chemical
disinfection, but the exposure time is longer.
✔✔Define Steam Sterilization - ✔✔Uses steam under pressure to obtain high
temperature of 250-254F with exposure times of 20-40 minutes depending on the item
being sterilized.
✔✔Define Hand Washing - ✔✔Is the most important means of preventing the spread of
infections.
✔✔A Routine Hand Washing Procedure: - ✔✔Uses plain soap to remove soil and
transient bacteria.
✔✔Hand Antisepsis requires: - ✔✔The use of antimicrobial soap to remove, kill or
inhibit transient microorganisms.
✔✔Define Barrier Protection - ✔✔Protective clothing provides a barrier against
infection.
✔✔Abbreviation for Personal Protective Equipment - ✔✔PPE
✔✔PPE Includes: - ✔✔-Mask
-Goggles
-Face Shields
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Define Urinary Leukocytes - ✔✔The presence of increased numbers of leukocytes
or white blood cells in the urine is an indicator of bacteriuria or urinary tract infection
(UTI).
✔✔Abbreviation for Urinary Tract Infection - ✔✔UTI
✔✔Granulocytic leukocytes release: - ✔✔Esterase when the cells lyse.
✔✔Testing for leukocyte esterase by: - ✔✔The reagent strip method is used in tandem
with the microscopic examination of urine sediment for the diagnosis of bacteriuria or
UTI.
✔✔A positive test by the reagent strip method is indicated by a: - ✔✔Purple Color
✔✔A _____-______ _____-______ urine sample is usually required for any bacterial
culture. - ✔✔clean catch mid stream
✔✔Probably the most common specialized urine test is the _____ _____. -
✔✔Pregnancy Test
,✔✔Abbreviation for Human Chorionic Gonadotropin - ✔✔hCG
✔✔Abbreviation for Uterine Chorionic Gonadotropin - ✔✔UCG
✔✔Increased levels of hCG are a natural marker for _____. - ✔✔Pregnancy
✔✔Define Hemoccult Fecal Occult Test - ✔✔Is used to detect hidden blood in stool
specimens. The 1st and last portion of the stool after the bowel movement usually
contain concentrations of the substances most often required for testing. In order to
conduct this test, a Hemmocult developing solution is applied to a stool specimen. Any
trace of blue that appears within the specimen is a sign of a positive result.
✔✔Define Throat Culture - ✔✔Are used to detect a bacterial, fungal, or ciral infection in
the throat. In order to conduct this test, the patient should be placed in a comfortable
lying or sitting position. After the patient have been asked to open their mouth, the MA
should depress the patient's tongue then vigorously swab the throat with a sterile swab.
After the specimen is collected, it should correctly labeled with the patient's information.
✔✔Define Sputum Specimen - ✔✔Is used to determine the presence of pathogens in a
patient's respiratory passage. When obtaining the specimen the MA should instruct the
patient to cough deeply, using the abdominal muscles as well as the accessory muscles
to bring up secretions from the lungs as well as the upper airways. After the specimen is
collected, it should correctly labeled with the patient's information.
✔✔Order of Draw for Capillary Specimens - ✔✔1. Lavender Tube
2. Tubes with other additives
3. Tubes without additives
✔✔PKU - ✔✔This test is ordered for infants to detect phenylketonuria, a genetic
disease that causes mental retardation and brain damage. Test is done on blood from
newborn's heel or on urine.
✔✔Order of Draw (BeCause Better Specimens Generate Perfect Goals) - ✔✔1. Blood
Cultures
2. Light Blue Top Tubes
3. Serum or non-additive tube (Red or Red/Gray Top Tubes)
4. Green Top Tubes
5. Lavendar Top Tubes
6. Gray Top Tubes
✔✔Define Infection Control/Chain of Infection - ✔✔Based on the fact that the
transmission of infectious disease will be prevented or stopped when any level in the
chain is broken or interrupted.
,✔✔Define Agents - ✔✔Are infectious , microorganisms that can be classified into
groups namely: viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites.
✔✔Define Portal of Exit - ✔✔The method by which an infectious agent leaves it
reservoir.
✔✔Define Standard Precautions and Transmission-Based Precautions - ✔✔Are
controlled measures aimed at preventing the spread of the disease as infectious agents
exit the reservoir.
✔✔Define Mode Transmission - ✔✔Specific ways in which microorganism travel from
the reservoir to the susceptible host.
✔✔5 Main Types of Mode Transmission: - ✔✔-Contact: direct and indirect
-Droplet
-Airborne
-Common Vehicle
-Vectorborne
✔✔Define Portal Of Entry - ✔✔Allows the infectious agent access to the susceptible
host.
✔✔Common Entry Sites: - ✔✔-Broken Skin
- Mucous Membranes
-Body systems exposed to the external environment such as the respiratory,
gastrointestinal, and reproductive.
✔✔What methods are used to limit the transmission of infectious agents: - ✔✔-Wound
Care
-Transmission-Based Precautions
-Aseptic Technique
✔✔Define Susceptible Host - ✔✔The infectious agent enters a person who is not
resistant or immune. Control at this level is directed towards the identification of the
patients at risk, treat their underlying condition for susceptibility, or isolate them from the
reservoir.
✔✔Define Medical Asepsis - ✔✔The destruction of pathogenic microorganisms after
them leave the body. It also involves environmental hygiene measures such as
equipment cleaning and disinfection procedures.
✔✔Define Disinfection - ✔✔This procedure used in medical asepsis using various
chemicals that can be used to destroy many pathogenic microorganisms. Since
chemicals can irritate skin and mucous membranes, they are only used on inanimate
objects.
, ✔✔Boiling water at what temperature is considered a form of disinfected: - ✔✔212 F
✔✔What is the ratio of bleach and water is a disinfected: - ✔✔1:10
✔✔Define Surgical Asepsis - ✔✔All microbial life, pathogens, pathogens and non-
pathogens, are destroyed before an invasive procedure is performed. Often used
interchangeably.
✔✔4 Methods of Sterilization - ✔✔-Gas Sterilization
-Dry Heat Sterilization
-Chemical Sterilization
-Steam Sterilization
✔✔Define Gas Sterilization - ✔✔Often used for wheelchairs and hospital beds. Useful in
hospitals, but costly for the office.
✔✔Define Dry Heat Sterilization - ✔✔Requires higher temperature that steam
sterilization but longer exposure times. Used for instruments that easily corrodes.
✔✔Define Chemical Sterilization - ✔✔Uses the same chemical used for chemical
disinfection, but the exposure time is longer.
✔✔Define Steam Sterilization - ✔✔Uses steam under pressure to obtain high
temperature of 250-254F with exposure times of 20-40 minutes depending on the item
being sterilized.
✔✔Define Hand Washing - ✔✔Is the most important means of preventing the spread of
infections.
✔✔A Routine Hand Washing Procedure: - ✔✔Uses plain soap to remove soil and
transient bacteria.
✔✔Hand Antisepsis requires: - ✔✔The use of antimicrobial soap to remove, kill or
inhibit transient microorganisms.
✔✔Define Barrier Protection - ✔✔Protective clothing provides a barrier against
infection.
✔✔Abbreviation for Personal Protective Equipment - ✔✔PPE
✔✔PPE Includes: - ✔✔-Mask
-Goggles
-Face Shields
