what principle of growth and development is used in infants?
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Cephalo-Caudal-infants grow and mature from the top-down-proximal-
distal they grow & mature and gain muscular control from the middle ->
outward-infants learn to use their trunk, head, & neck first, moving outward
to their extremities, and eventually hands, feet and finger control &
coordination
What is pyloric stenosis?
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A condition in which the opening between the stomach and small intestine
thickens. Caused by hypertrophy or spastic muscles around sphincter not
, relaxing; can be partial or complete obstruction
what erikson & freud stage are infants in?
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birth to 12 months-Erikson: trust vs. mistrust-Freud: oral stage
why does cystic fibrosis babies have a salty taste when you kiss them?
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Their sweat glands produce a larger amount of chloride, leading to a salty
taste of the skin, and alterations in electrolyte balance and dehydration.
Interventions for Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
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"UNLOAD FAST"
· U- Upright position
· N- Nitrates (low dose)- always check BP- vasodilation- side effects of
headaches, keep pills away from sunlight- photosensitive. Sublingual- one
drug every 5 minutes for total of 3 to subside chest pain.
· L- Lasix (Furosemide/diuretic)- monitor I/O's and potassium level
· O-Oxygen
· A-Aminophylline- bronchodilator: 10-20 g/dL therapeutic range
· D- Digoxin- increases pumping power and slows down the heart- teach
the patient to count heart rate for full minute. hold if <60bpm for adults, <90
bpm for children and infants. Children <70 bpm. Therapeutic range is 0.5-2.0
, mg/dL- monitor for toxicity- hypokalemia
· F- Fluids (decrease)- monitor daily weight for fluid overload
· A- Afterload (decrease)- Morphine minimizes afterload
· S- Sodium Restriction- water follows, avoid canned/preserved foods: use
herbs and spices instead of salts and substitutes. DASH diet
· T-Test (digoxin level, ABGs, Potassium level)
APGAR
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appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, respiration
Management for Cyanotic Congenital Heart defects?
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Surgery is done in several steps- correctly one defect at a time before right
ventricular hypertrophy occursSame management as CHF "Unload
Fast"Upright position, nitrates, lasix, oxygen, aminophylline, digoxin, fluids,
after load, sodium restriction, tests
what are the problems and nursing management/education in the newborn stage?
Give this one a try later!
Give this one a try later!
Cephalo-Caudal-infants grow and mature from the top-down-proximal-
distal they grow & mature and gain muscular control from the middle ->
outward-infants learn to use their trunk, head, & neck first, moving outward
to their extremities, and eventually hands, feet and finger control &
coordination
What is pyloric stenosis?
Give this one a try later!
A condition in which the opening between the stomach and small intestine
thickens. Caused by hypertrophy or spastic muscles around sphincter not
, relaxing; can be partial or complete obstruction
what erikson & freud stage are infants in?
Give this one a try later!
birth to 12 months-Erikson: trust vs. mistrust-Freud: oral stage
why does cystic fibrosis babies have a salty taste when you kiss them?
Give this one a try later!
Their sweat glands produce a larger amount of chloride, leading to a salty
taste of the skin, and alterations in electrolyte balance and dehydration.
Interventions for Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
Give this one a try later!
"UNLOAD FAST"
· U- Upright position
· N- Nitrates (low dose)- always check BP- vasodilation- side effects of
headaches, keep pills away from sunlight- photosensitive. Sublingual- one
drug every 5 minutes for total of 3 to subside chest pain.
· L- Lasix (Furosemide/diuretic)- monitor I/O's and potassium level
· O-Oxygen
· A-Aminophylline- bronchodilator: 10-20 g/dL therapeutic range
· D- Digoxin- increases pumping power and slows down the heart- teach
the patient to count heart rate for full minute. hold if <60bpm for adults, <90
bpm for children and infants. Children <70 bpm. Therapeutic range is 0.5-2.0
, mg/dL- monitor for toxicity- hypokalemia
· F- Fluids (decrease)- monitor daily weight for fluid overload
· A- Afterload (decrease)- Morphine minimizes afterload
· S- Sodium Restriction- water follows, avoid canned/preserved foods: use
herbs and spices instead of salts and substitutes. DASH diet
· T-Test (digoxin level, ABGs, Potassium level)
APGAR
Give this one a try later!
appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, respiration
Management for Cyanotic Congenital Heart defects?
Give this one a try later!
Surgery is done in several steps- correctly one defect at a time before right
ventricular hypertrophy occursSame management as CHF "Unload
Fast"Upright position, nitrates, lasix, oxygen, aminophylline, digoxin, fluids,
after load, sodium restriction, tests
what are the problems and nursing management/education in the newborn stage?
Give this one a try later!
