ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: NERVOUS SYSTEM
DISORDERS QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED AND
100% ACCURATE ANSWERS
Neurological disorders are classified as caused by Correct Answers
Trauma, tumor, transactions, lesions, ischemia (can lead to infarction or
liquefactive necrosis), aneurysm, infection, seizures, genetic and
congentital, degenerative, mental disorders
Neurological infections Correct Answers meningitis (leads to
hematoma), encephalitis (inflammation of brain and spinal cord), and
Reye's syndrome (increased ICP, cerebral edema)
Genetic and congenital neurological disorders Correct Answers
hydrocephalus (accumulation of CSF from stenosis), spina bifida
(neural tube defect-4th week gestation), cerebral palsy (brain damage
during perinatal period)
Degenerative neurological disorders Correct Answers MS, Parkinson's,
Lou Gehrig's, Huntington's and Alzheimer's
Mental disorders Correct Answers biochemical and structural
abnormalities
Effects of neurological disorders Correct Answers local (r/t area of
lesion), motor dysfunction (loss of voluntary movts), sensory defects,
language, loss of consciousness (lesions in cerebral hemispheres,
specifically in RAS in brain stem), coma and brain death, vision loss,
seizures, increased ICP
,Aphasia Correct Answers inability to comprehend of express language
Coma and brain death Correct Answers unresponsiveness, flaccid, at
terminal stage loss of reflex, fixed and dilated pupils, irregular pulse and
respiration
Increased ICP Correct Answers less blood enters the brain, get tissue
compression, body originally compensates by shifting CSF to spinal
cavity, increase venous return, compensatory vasodilation (due to
hypoxic conditions)
Effects of increased ICP Correct Answers vision is affected-
papilledema, pupils fixed and dilated (pressure on cranial nerve III),
vomiting, headache (distort meninges), loss of consciousness, CSF
pressure increases above 20mmHg, may contain RBC
Herniation Correct Answers displacement of brain tissue. Aneursyms
are bulges at the site of arterial wall weakness which can displace brain
tissue
Transient Ischemic attacks Correct Answers results from
artherosclerosis, embolus, vascular spasm, loss of autoregulation, lasts
minutes to hours, symptoms related to area
, CVA Correct Answers total cerebral occlusion, infarction leads to
liquefactive necrosis. AKA cerebral infarction, stroke syndrome,
reversible ischemic neurologic defect
Thrombus CVA Correct Answers caused by atherosclerosis, gradual
onset (TIAs), minimal increased ICP, localized effects
Embolus CVA Correct Answers caused by atherosclerosis, sudden
onset, minimal increased ICP, localized effects
Hemorrhagic CVA Correct Answers predisposing condition-
hypertension, sudden onset with activity, increased ICP present,
widespread, severe effects
Meningitis Correct Answers CNS meninges, increased ICP, edema (pia
and arachnoid layers
Neonate meningitis Correct Answers e-coli
Young child meningitis Correct Answers haemophilus flu
Children/adults meningitis Correct Answers neissaria meningitidis
Elderly/young meningitis Correct Answers streptococcus pneumonia
DISORDERS QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED AND
100% ACCURATE ANSWERS
Neurological disorders are classified as caused by Correct Answers
Trauma, tumor, transactions, lesions, ischemia (can lead to infarction or
liquefactive necrosis), aneurysm, infection, seizures, genetic and
congentital, degenerative, mental disorders
Neurological infections Correct Answers meningitis (leads to
hematoma), encephalitis (inflammation of brain and spinal cord), and
Reye's syndrome (increased ICP, cerebral edema)
Genetic and congenital neurological disorders Correct Answers
hydrocephalus (accumulation of CSF from stenosis), spina bifida
(neural tube defect-4th week gestation), cerebral palsy (brain damage
during perinatal period)
Degenerative neurological disorders Correct Answers MS, Parkinson's,
Lou Gehrig's, Huntington's and Alzheimer's
Mental disorders Correct Answers biochemical and structural
abnormalities
Effects of neurological disorders Correct Answers local (r/t area of
lesion), motor dysfunction (loss of voluntary movts), sensory defects,
language, loss of consciousness (lesions in cerebral hemispheres,
specifically in RAS in brain stem), coma and brain death, vision loss,
seizures, increased ICP
,Aphasia Correct Answers inability to comprehend of express language
Coma and brain death Correct Answers unresponsiveness, flaccid, at
terminal stage loss of reflex, fixed and dilated pupils, irregular pulse and
respiration
Increased ICP Correct Answers less blood enters the brain, get tissue
compression, body originally compensates by shifting CSF to spinal
cavity, increase venous return, compensatory vasodilation (due to
hypoxic conditions)
Effects of increased ICP Correct Answers vision is affected-
papilledema, pupils fixed and dilated (pressure on cranial nerve III),
vomiting, headache (distort meninges), loss of consciousness, CSF
pressure increases above 20mmHg, may contain RBC
Herniation Correct Answers displacement of brain tissue. Aneursyms
are bulges at the site of arterial wall weakness which can displace brain
tissue
Transient Ischemic attacks Correct Answers results from
artherosclerosis, embolus, vascular spasm, loss of autoregulation, lasts
minutes to hours, symptoms related to area
, CVA Correct Answers total cerebral occlusion, infarction leads to
liquefactive necrosis. AKA cerebral infarction, stroke syndrome,
reversible ischemic neurologic defect
Thrombus CVA Correct Answers caused by atherosclerosis, gradual
onset (TIAs), minimal increased ICP, localized effects
Embolus CVA Correct Answers caused by atherosclerosis, sudden
onset, minimal increased ICP, localized effects
Hemorrhagic CVA Correct Answers predisposing condition-
hypertension, sudden onset with activity, increased ICP present,
widespread, severe effects
Meningitis Correct Answers CNS meninges, increased ICP, edema (pia
and arachnoid layers
Neonate meningitis Correct Answers e-coli
Young child meningitis Correct Answers haemophilus flu
Children/adults meningitis Correct Answers neissaria meningitidis
Elderly/young meningitis Correct Answers streptococcus pneumonia
