NATIONAL PHYSICAL THERAPY COMPREHENSIVE
EXAM ALL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔vertical line of gravity - ✔✔imaginary line that passes through COG
✔✔Muscle length test (MLT) - ✔✔putting a pt in a passive insufficiency to measure the
flexibility of the muscle
✔✔plane joint - ✔✔motion is linear
-flat joint surfaces
-secondary to other motions
-carpal and tarsal bones
✔✔types of nocireceptors - ✔✔-high threshold: intense mechanical stimuli
-mechanothermo: strong technical stimuli & heat
-polymodal: strong mechanical stimuli, heat, and chemical irritants
✔✔1st order neuron - ✔✔nerves that run from the skin to the spinal cord
✔✔types of 1st order neurons - ✔✔A-delta fibers: sharp pricking pain, well localized,
short duration; mechanoreceptors and mechanothermo receptors
C-fibers: dull, burning sensation, lasts longer; polymodal nocireceptors
,✔✔how to document goniometric measurements - ✔✔-nuetral zero method: 0-180deg
or
-if starts past 0deg: 20-0-30deg
✔✔contraindications to thermotherapy - ✔✔-acute inflammation/infection
-wound in epithelization stage
-hypotension
-fever
-malignancy
-cancer/radiation
-DVT/PVD
-hemorrage
✔✔pacemaker precautions - ✔✔-no push/pull/lift >5lbs
-no shld flex/abd >45deg
-no shld hyperextension
implanted pacemaker
-no can on affected side
-no walker for 48hrs
-6-8wks for precautions
✔✔how to treat atelectasis - ✔✔incentive spirometer, coughing and deep breathing,
OOB/ambulation
✔✔Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) - ✔✔no atrial contractions
-p waves are replaced by irregular rapid fluctuation
-can cause blood clots andCVA
-HR will fluctuate on pulse ox
-can produce CHF and syncope
✔✔atelectasis - ✔✔Partial or total collapse of the lung
✔✔sternal precautions - ✔✔for 6 wks after open heart surgery
-no push/pull/lift > 5lbs
-cough with pillow
-avoid B flex, horizontal abd. and ext
✔✔SPO2 level - ✔✔100-92%
✔✔S/S of CHF - ✔✔-dyspnea
-swelling of legs
-orthopnea
-BNP >500
, ✔✔PTCA (percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty) heart catheter -
✔✔performed on atherosclerosis lesions that do not completely occlude the vessel
✔✔pleural effusion - ✔✔abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space which can
prevent full expansion of the lungs
✔✔pleural space - ✔✔
✔✔thoracentesis - ✔✔surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space
✔✔pulmonary embolism (PE) - ✔✔clot within the atrial pulmonary circulation
✔✔PE S/S - ✔✔-sudden onset dyspnea
-tachycardia
-tachypnea
-chest pain
✔✔genu recurvatum - ✔✔hyperextension of the knee
✔✔what pressure injuries occur in sidelying - ✔✔-ear
-greater tubercle
-lateral epicondyle
-ribs
-greater trochanter
-ulnar styloid process
-lateral femoral epicondyle
-fibular head
-lateral malleoulus
-tuberosity of 5th metatarsal
-med/lat malleolus
✔✔ligaments of elbow joint - ✔✔-medial collateral ligament (MCL)
-lateral collateral ligament (LCL)
-Annular ligament
✔✔force couple - ✔✔muscle groups moving together to produce movement around a
joint
✔✔upward rotation of scapula force couple - ✔✔-upper/lower trapezius
-serratus anterior
✔✔downward rotation of scapula force couple - ✔✔-levator scapula
-rhomboids
-pectoralis minor
EXAM ALL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔vertical line of gravity - ✔✔imaginary line that passes through COG
✔✔Muscle length test (MLT) - ✔✔putting a pt in a passive insufficiency to measure the
flexibility of the muscle
✔✔plane joint - ✔✔motion is linear
-flat joint surfaces
-secondary to other motions
-carpal and tarsal bones
✔✔types of nocireceptors - ✔✔-high threshold: intense mechanical stimuli
-mechanothermo: strong technical stimuli & heat
-polymodal: strong mechanical stimuli, heat, and chemical irritants
✔✔1st order neuron - ✔✔nerves that run from the skin to the spinal cord
✔✔types of 1st order neurons - ✔✔A-delta fibers: sharp pricking pain, well localized,
short duration; mechanoreceptors and mechanothermo receptors
C-fibers: dull, burning sensation, lasts longer; polymodal nocireceptors
,✔✔how to document goniometric measurements - ✔✔-nuetral zero method: 0-180deg
or
-if starts past 0deg: 20-0-30deg
✔✔contraindications to thermotherapy - ✔✔-acute inflammation/infection
-wound in epithelization stage
-hypotension
-fever
-malignancy
-cancer/radiation
-DVT/PVD
-hemorrage
✔✔pacemaker precautions - ✔✔-no push/pull/lift >5lbs
-no shld flex/abd >45deg
-no shld hyperextension
implanted pacemaker
-no can on affected side
-no walker for 48hrs
-6-8wks for precautions
✔✔how to treat atelectasis - ✔✔incentive spirometer, coughing and deep breathing,
OOB/ambulation
✔✔Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) - ✔✔no atrial contractions
-p waves are replaced by irregular rapid fluctuation
-can cause blood clots andCVA
-HR will fluctuate on pulse ox
-can produce CHF and syncope
✔✔atelectasis - ✔✔Partial or total collapse of the lung
✔✔sternal precautions - ✔✔for 6 wks after open heart surgery
-no push/pull/lift > 5lbs
-cough with pillow
-avoid B flex, horizontal abd. and ext
✔✔SPO2 level - ✔✔100-92%
✔✔S/S of CHF - ✔✔-dyspnea
-swelling of legs
-orthopnea
-BNP >500
, ✔✔PTCA (percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty) heart catheter -
✔✔performed on atherosclerosis lesions that do not completely occlude the vessel
✔✔pleural effusion - ✔✔abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space which can
prevent full expansion of the lungs
✔✔pleural space - ✔✔
✔✔thoracentesis - ✔✔surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space
✔✔pulmonary embolism (PE) - ✔✔clot within the atrial pulmonary circulation
✔✔PE S/S - ✔✔-sudden onset dyspnea
-tachycardia
-tachypnea
-chest pain
✔✔genu recurvatum - ✔✔hyperextension of the knee
✔✔what pressure injuries occur in sidelying - ✔✔-ear
-greater tubercle
-lateral epicondyle
-ribs
-greater trochanter
-ulnar styloid process
-lateral femoral epicondyle
-fibular head
-lateral malleoulus
-tuberosity of 5th metatarsal
-med/lat malleolus
✔✔ligaments of elbow joint - ✔✔-medial collateral ligament (MCL)
-lateral collateral ligament (LCL)
-Annular ligament
✔✔force couple - ✔✔muscle groups moving together to produce movement around a
joint
✔✔upward rotation of scapula force couple - ✔✔-upper/lower trapezius
-serratus anterior
✔✔downward rotation of scapula force couple - ✔✔-levator scapula
-rhomboids
-pectoralis minor
