Campbell Biology Ch. 6 - 7 Test Bank
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jmvuuo
1. 1) When biologists wish to study the internal ultra- C
structure of cells, they can achieve the finest resolu-
tion by using
A) a phase-contrast light microscope.
B) a scanning electron microscope.
C) a transmission electronic microscope.
D) a confocal fluorescence microscope.
E) a super-resolution fluorescence microscope.
2. 2) The advantage of light microscopy over electron c
microscopy is that
A) light microscopy provides for higher magnification
than electron microscopy.
B) light microscopy provides for higher resolving pow-
er than electron microscopy.
C) light microscopy allows one to view dynamic
processes in living cells.
D) light microscopy provides higher contrast than
electron microscopy.
E) specimen preparation for light microcopy does not
produce artifacts.
3. 3) A primary objective of cell fractionation is to Answer: D
A) view the structure of cell membranes.
B) sort cells based on their size and weight.
C) determine the size of various organelles.
D) separate the major organelles so that their partic-
ular functions can be determined.
E) separate lipid-soluble from water-soluble mole-
cules.
4. B
, Campbell Biology Ch. 6 - 7 Test Bank
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jmvuuo
4) In the fractionation of homogenized cells using
centrifugation, the primary factor that determines
whether a specific cellular component ends up in the
supernatant or the pellet is
A) the relative solubility of the component.
B) the size and weight of the component.
C) the percentage of carbohydrates in the compo-
nent.
D) the presence or absence of nucleic acids in the
component.
E) the presence or absence of lipids in the component.
5. 5) Which of the following correctly lists the order in E
which cellular components will be found in the pellet
when homogenized cells are treated with increasingly
rapid spins in a centrifuge?
A) ribosomes, nucleus, mitochondria
B) chloroplasts, ribosomes, vacuoles
C) nucleus, ribosomes, chloroplasts
D) vacuoles, ribosomes, nucleus
E) nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes
6. 6) Green fluorescent protein (GFP) can be used to flu- A
orescently label a specific protein in cells by genetical-
ly engineering cells to synthesize the target protein
fused to GFP. What is the advantage of using GFP fu-
sions to visualize specific proteins, instead of staining
cells with fluorescently labeled probes that bind to the
target protein?
A) GFP fusions enable one to track changes in the
location of the protein in living cells; staining usually
requires preserved cells.
, Campbell Biology Ch. 6 - 7 Test Bank
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jmvuuo
B) GFP fusions enable higher resolution than staining
with fluorescent probes.
C) GFP permits the position of the protein in the cell
more precisely than fluorescent probes.
D) GFP permits visualization of protein-protein inter-
actions; fluorescent probes do not.
E) GFP fusions are not subject to artifacts; fluorescent
probes may introduce background artifacts.
7. 7) What is the reason that a modern electron micro- C
scope (TEM) can resolve biological images to the sub-
nanometer level, as opposed to tens of nanometers
achievable for the best super-resolution light micro-
scope?
A) The focal length of the electron microscope is sig-
nificantly longer.
B) Contrast is enhanced by staining with atoms of
heavy metal.
C) Electron beams have much shorter wavelengths
than visible light.
D) The electron microscope has a much greater ratio
of image size to real size.
E) The electron microscope cannot image whole cells
at one time.
8. 8) What technique would be most appropriate to use A
to observe the movements of condensed chromo-
somes during cell division?
A) light microscopy
B) scanning electron microscopy
C) transmission electron microscopy
, Campbell Biology Ch. 6 - 7 Test Bank
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jmvuuo
D) confocal fluorescence microscopy
E) super-resolution fluorescence microscopy
9. 9) All of the following are part of a prokaryotic cell E
except
A) DNA.
B) a cell wall.
C) a plasma membrane.
D) ribosomes.
E) an endoplasmic reticulum.
10. 10) The volume enclosed by the plasma membrane C
of plant cells is often much larger than the corre-
sponding volume in animal cells. The most reasonable
explanation for this observation is that
A) plant cells are capable of having a much higher
surface-to-volume ratio than animal cells.
B) plant cells have a much more highly convoluted
(folded) plasma membrane than animal cells.
C) plant cells contain a large vacuole that reduces the
volume of the cytoplasm.
D) animal cells are more spherical, whereas plant cells
are elongated.
E) plant cells can have lower surface-to-volume ratios
than animal cells because plant cells synthesize their
own nutrients.
11. 11) A mycoplasma is an organism with a diameter E
between 0.1 and 1.0 µm. What does the organism's
size tell you about how it might be classified?
A) It must be a single-celled protist.
B) It must be a single-celled fungus.
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jmvuuo
1. 1) When biologists wish to study the internal ultra- C
structure of cells, they can achieve the finest resolu-
tion by using
A) a phase-contrast light microscope.
B) a scanning electron microscope.
C) a transmission electronic microscope.
D) a confocal fluorescence microscope.
E) a super-resolution fluorescence microscope.
2. 2) The advantage of light microscopy over electron c
microscopy is that
A) light microscopy provides for higher magnification
than electron microscopy.
B) light microscopy provides for higher resolving pow-
er than electron microscopy.
C) light microscopy allows one to view dynamic
processes in living cells.
D) light microscopy provides higher contrast than
electron microscopy.
E) specimen preparation for light microcopy does not
produce artifacts.
3. 3) A primary objective of cell fractionation is to Answer: D
A) view the structure of cell membranes.
B) sort cells based on their size and weight.
C) determine the size of various organelles.
D) separate the major organelles so that their partic-
ular functions can be determined.
E) separate lipid-soluble from water-soluble mole-
cules.
4. B
, Campbell Biology Ch. 6 - 7 Test Bank
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jmvuuo
4) In the fractionation of homogenized cells using
centrifugation, the primary factor that determines
whether a specific cellular component ends up in the
supernatant or the pellet is
A) the relative solubility of the component.
B) the size and weight of the component.
C) the percentage of carbohydrates in the compo-
nent.
D) the presence or absence of nucleic acids in the
component.
E) the presence or absence of lipids in the component.
5. 5) Which of the following correctly lists the order in E
which cellular components will be found in the pellet
when homogenized cells are treated with increasingly
rapid spins in a centrifuge?
A) ribosomes, nucleus, mitochondria
B) chloroplasts, ribosomes, vacuoles
C) nucleus, ribosomes, chloroplasts
D) vacuoles, ribosomes, nucleus
E) nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes
6. 6) Green fluorescent protein (GFP) can be used to flu- A
orescently label a specific protein in cells by genetical-
ly engineering cells to synthesize the target protein
fused to GFP. What is the advantage of using GFP fu-
sions to visualize specific proteins, instead of staining
cells with fluorescently labeled probes that bind to the
target protein?
A) GFP fusions enable one to track changes in the
location of the protein in living cells; staining usually
requires preserved cells.
, Campbell Biology Ch. 6 - 7 Test Bank
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jmvuuo
B) GFP fusions enable higher resolution than staining
with fluorescent probes.
C) GFP permits the position of the protein in the cell
more precisely than fluorescent probes.
D) GFP permits visualization of protein-protein inter-
actions; fluorescent probes do not.
E) GFP fusions are not subject to artifacts; fluorescent
probes may introduce background artifacts.
7. 7) What is the reason that a modern electron micro- C
scope (TEM) can resolve biological images to the sub-
nanometer level, as opposed to tens of nanometers
achievable for the best super-resolution light micro-
scope?
A) The focal length of the electron microscope is sig-
nificantly longer.
B) Contrast is enhanced by staining with atoms of
heavy metal.
C) Electron beams have much shorter wavelengths
than visible light.
D) The electron microscope has a much greater ratio
of image size to real size.
E) The electron microscope cannot image whole cells
at one time.
8. 8) What technique would be most appropriate to use A
to observe the movements of condensed chromo-
somes during cell division?
A) light microscopy
B) scanning electron microscopy
C) transmission electron microscopy
, Campbell Biology Ch. 6 - 7 Test Bank
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jmvuuo
D) confocal fluorescence microscopy
E) super-resolution fluorescence microscopy
9. 9) All of the following are part of a prokaryotic cell E
except
A) DNA.
B) a cell wall.
C) a plasma membrane.
D) ribosomes.
E) an endoplasmic reticulum.
10. 10) The volume enclosed by the plasma membrane C
of plant cells is often much larger than the corre-
sponding volume in animal cells. The most reasonable
explanation for this observation is that
A) plant cells are capable of having a much higher
surface-to-volume ratio than animal cells.
B) plant cells have a much more highly convoluted
(folded) plasma membrane than animal cells.
C) plant cells contain a large vacuole that reduces the
volume of the cytoplasm.
D) animal cells are more spherical, whereas plant cells
are elongated.
E) plant cells can have lower surface-to-volume ratios
than animal cells because plant cells synthesize their
own nutrients.
11. 11) A mycoplasma is an organism with a diameter E
between 0.1 and 1.0 µm. What does the organism's
size tell you about how it might be classified?
A) It must be a single-celled protist.
B) It must be a single-celled fungus.
