BSN Week 11 Quiz: Leadership, Ethics & Evidence-Based Practice
2026|Galen College
1. Which leadership style is characterized by a leader who inspires and
motivates followers by creating a shared vision and encouraging innovation?
A. Transformational Leadership
B. Transactional Leadership
C. Laissez-faire Leadership
D. Autocratic Leadership
Answer: A
Rationale: Transformational leaders focus on vision, inspiration, and empowering staff to
achieve higher levels of performance and innovation.
2. A nurse respects a patient’s right to refuse a life-saving blood transfusion
based on religious beliefs. Which ethical principle is being applied?
A. Beneficence
B. Autonomy
C. Justice
D. Non-maleficence
Answer: B
Rationale: Autonomy refers to the right of patients to make their own decisions about
their medical care without influence from healthcare providers.
,3. In the PICO(T) format for framing a clinical question, what does the ‘I’
represent?
A. Intervention
B. Information
C. Implementation
D. Investigation
Answer: A
Rationale: In PICO(T), ‘I’ stands for Intervention, which is the specific treatment, therapy,
or action being considered.
4. Which level of evidence is considered the highest in the hierarchy of
evidence-based practice?
A. Expert opinion and editorials
B. Single Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs)
C. Case-control studies
D. Systematic reviews or Meta-analyses of RCTs
Answer: D
Rationale: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses synthesize results from multiple high-
quality studies, providing the strongest level of evidence for clinical decision-making.
5. The ethical principle of ‘Non-maleficence’ is best described as:
A. The duty to do good.
B. The duty to do no harm.
C. The duty to be fair and equitable.
D. The duty to tell the truth.
Answer: B
Rationale: Non-maleficence is the fundamental obligation of healthcare providers to avoid
causing unnecessary harm to patients.
, 6. A nurse manager rewards staff with extra shifts or bonuses for meeting
specific performance targets. This is an example of which leadership style?
A. Servant Leadership
B. Transactional Leadership
C. Democratic Leadership
D. Transformational Leadership
Answer: B
Rationale: Transactional leadership relies on a system of rewards and punishments to
manage performance and maintain the status quo.
7. What is the primary purpose of an Institutional Review Board (IRB)?
A. To ensure that research findings are published in reputable journals.
B. To provide funding for clinical nursing research.
C. To protect the rights and welfare of human subjects in research.
D. To evaluate the clinical skills of nurse researchers.
Answer: C
Rationale: The IRB’s main role is to review research protocols to ensure they are ethical
and protect participants from harm.
8. When a nurse ensures that all patients receive the same level of care
regardless of their socioeconomic status, they are practicing:
A. Fidelity
B. Veracity
C. Autonomy
D. Justice
Answer: D
Rationale: Justice in nursing refers to fairness in care delivery and the equitable
distribution of resources.
2026|Galen College
1. Which leadership style is characterized by a leader who inspires and
motivates followers by creating a shared vision and encouraging innovation?
A. Transformational Leadership
B. Transactional Leadership
C. Laissez-faire Leadership
D. Autocratic Leadership
Answer: A
Rationale: Transformational leaders focus on vision, inspiration, and empowering staff to
achieve higher levels of performance and innovation.
2. A nurse respects a patient’s right to refuse a life-saving blood transfusion
based on religious beliefs. Which ethical principle is being applied?
A. Beneficence
B. Autonomy
C. Justice
D. Non-maleficence
Answer: B
Rationale: Autonomy refers to the right of patients to make their own decisions about
their medical care without influence from healthcare providers.
,3. In the PICO(T) format for framing a clinical question, what does the ‘I’
represent?
A. Intervention
B. Information
C. Implementation
D. Investigation
Answer: A
Rationale: In PICO(T), ‘I’ stands for Intervention, which is the specific treatment, therapy,
or action being considered.
4. Which level of evidence is considered the highest in the hierarchy of
evidence-based practice?
A. Expert opinion and editorials
B. Single Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs)
C. Case-control studies
D. Systematic reviews or Meta-analyses of RCTs
Answer: D
Rationale: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses synthesize results from multiple high-
quality studies, providing the strongest level of evidence for clinical decision-making.
5. The ethical principle of ‘Non-maleficence’ is best described as:
A. The duty to do good.
B. The duty to do no harm.
C. The duty to be fair and equitable.
D. The duty to tell the truth.
Answer: B
Rationale: Non-maleficence is the fundamental obligation of healthcare providers to avoid
causing unnecessary harm to patients.
, 6. A nurse manager rewards staff with extra shifts or bonuses for meeting
specific performance targets. This is an example of which leadership style?
A. Servant Leadership
B. Transactional Leadership
C. Democratic Leadership
D. Transformational Leadership
Answer: B
Rationale: Transactional leadership relies on a system of rewards and punishments to
manage performance and maintain the status quo.
7. What is the primary purpose of an Institutional Review Board (IRB)?
A. To ensure that research findings are published in reputable journals.
B. To provide funding for clinical nursing research.
C. To protect the rights and welfare of human subjects in research.
D. To evaluate the clinical skills of nurse researchers.
Answer: C
Rationale: The IRB’s main role is to review research protocols to ensure they are ethical
and protect participants from harm.
8. When a nurse ensures that all patients receive the same level of care
regardless of their socioeconomic status, they are practicing:
A. Fidelity
B. Veracity
C. Autonomy
D. Justice
Answer: D
Rationale: Justice in nursing refers to fairness in care delivery and the equitable
distribution of resources.
