Principles of Epidemiology-Exam 1
Questions With Correct Answers
What is Public Health?
| | |
Organized community efforts aimed at the prevention of disease and
| | | | | | | | | |
the promotion of health
| | |
OR
The science and art of protecting and improving the health of
| | | | | | | | | | |
communities through education, promotion of healthy lifestyles, and
| | | | | | | |
research for disease and injury prevention
| | | | |
What is epidemiology?
| |
The study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states
| | | | | | | | | |
and events in populations, and the application of this study to control
| | | | | | | | | | | |
health problems |
Study
Refers to the measurement of disease frequency, involving
| | | | | | | |
quantification of the existence or occurrence of disease
| | | | | | |
,Examples: surveillance, observation, hypothesis testing, descriptive
| | | | | |
research, analytic research, experimental research
| | | |
Distribution
frequency of disease by person, place, and time
| | | | | | |
Look for variations from a uniform distribution; i.e., does disease
| | | | | | | | | |
cluster?
Determinants
Any factor or event that brings about a change in a health condition
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Examples: physical (safe water, clean air), biological, social, cultural
| | | | | | | | |
(beliefs, support), economic environment, access to care, individual
| | | | | | | |
characteristics (diet, exercise, smoking), biology and genetics) and
| | | | | | | |
behavioral factors that influence health
| | | |
Examples of health-related states and events
| | | | |
,infectious diseases, chronic diseases, deaths, injuries, disabilities,
| | | | | | |
mental disorders, suicide, substance abuse, behaviors, use of health
| | | | | | | | |
services, adverse events
| |
Populations
Epidemiology examines disease occurrence among population groups
| | | | | | |
rather than among individuals
| | |
Sometimes referred to as "population medicine"
| | | | |
Exposure
Used broadly to refer to 'determinants'
| | | | |
Agents, interventions, conditions, policies, or anything that might affect
| | | | | | | | |
health
Disease
Commonly used to refer to all health-related states or events
| | | | | | | | |
, Morbidity
Refers to illness
| |
Mortality
Refers to death
| |
Scope of Epidemiology
| |
To describe health status of populations
| | | | |
To explain etiology of disease
| | | |
To predict occurrence of disease
| | | |
To control distribution of disease
| | | |
Meaning of the word Epidemiology
| | | |
Derived from the term 'epidemic;
| | | |
epi (upon)+ demos (people) +logy (study of)
| | | | | |
epidemic= unusual or increased frequency of an adverse effect in the
| | | | | | | | | | |
population; in excess of "normal" or "usual" expectancy
| | | | | | |
Questions With Correct Answers
What is Public Health?
| | |
Organized community efforts aimed at the prevention of disease and
| | | | | | | | | |
the promotion of health
| | |
OR
The science and art of protecting and improving the health of
| | | | | | | | | | |
communities through education, promotion of healthy lifestyles, and
| | | | | | | |
research for disease and injury prevention
| | | | |
What is epidemiology?
| |
The study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states
| | | | | | | | | |
and events in populations, and the application of this study to control
| | | | | | | | | | | |
health problems |
Study
Refers to the measurement of disease frequency, involving
| | | | | | | |
quantification of the existence or occurrence of disease
| | | | | | |
,Examples: surveillance, observation, hypothesis testing, descriptive
| | | | | |
research, analytic research, experimental research
| | | |
Distribution
frequency of disease by person, place, and time
| | | | | | |
Look for variations from a uniform distribution; i.e., does disease
| | | | | | | | | |
cluster?
Determinants
Any factor or event that brings about a change in a health condition
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Examples: physical (safe water, clean air), biological, social, cultural
| | | | | | | | |
(beliefs, support), economic environment, access to care, individual
| | | | | | | |
characteristics (diet, exercise, smoking), biology and genetics) and
| | | | | | | |
behavioral factors that influence health
| | | |
Examples of health-related states and events
| | | | |
,infectious diseases, chronic diseases, deaths, injuries, disabilities,
| | | | | | |
mental disorders, suicide, substance abuse, behaviors, use of health
| | | | | | | | |
services, adverse events
| |
Populations
Epidemiology examines disease occurrence among population groups
| | | | | | |
rather than among individuals
| | |
Sometimes referred to as "population medicine"
| | | | |
Exposure
Used broadly to refer to 'determinants'
| | | | |
Agents, interventions, conditions, policies, or anything that might affect
| | | | | | | | |
health
Disease
Commonly used to refer to all health-related states or events
| | | | | | | | |
, Morbidity
Refers to illness
| |
Mortality
Refers to death
| |
Scope of Epidemiology
| |
To describe health status of populations
| | | | |
To explain etiology of disease
| | | |
To predict occurrence of disease
| | | |
To control distribution of disease
| | | |
Meaning of the word Epidemiology
| | | |
Derived from the term 'epidemic;
| | | |
epi (upon)+ demos (people) +logy (study of)
| | | | | |
epidemic= unusual or increased frequency of an adverse effect in the
| | | | | | | | | | |
population; in excess of "normal" or "usual" expectancy
| | | | | | |
