NSG 120 Nursing Pathophysiology Exam 1 Herzing
University 2026 | Latest Update | Exam Prep Questions &
Answers | Graded A+
1. What term describes the immune response where the body attacks its own
tissues?
graft rejection
autoimmunity
alloimmunity
hypersensitivity
2. In a clinical scenario where mast cells are inhibited from degranulating, what
effect would this have on the inflammatory response?
The inflammatory response would lead to increased tissue repair.
The inflammatory response would be exaggerated.
The inflammatory response would be diminished.
The inflammatory response would remain unchanged.
3. In a clinical scenario, if a patient presents with a contusion on the thigh after a
fall, what immediate treatment should be prioritized to manage the injury?
Suture the skin to close any tears.
Apply a bandage to cover the area.
Control bleeding and reduce swelling.
Perform surgery to repair underlying tissues.
4. If a gamete undergoes nondisjunction during meiosis, what would be the
expected chromosomal outcome in the resulting zygote?
, The zygote will have missing chromosomes, leading to aneuploidy
without any specific condition.
The zygote will have double the normal number of chromosomes,
resulting in polyploidy.
The zygote may have an abnormal number of chromosomes,
leading to conditions such as trisomy or monosomy.
The zygote will have a normal number of chromosomes, ensuring
typical development.
5. Down syndrome is most often related to which of the following events?
Maternal chromosomal nondisjunction during second meiotic division
Paternal chromosome nondisjunction during meiosis
Maternal chromosomal nondisjunction during first meiotic division
Maternal translocation during meiosis
6. The generating force for capillary oncotic pressure is :
Blood cells
Blood pressure
Albumin
Electrolytes
7. Describe how opsonization enhances the immune response.
Opsonization enhances the immune response by marking
pathogens for phagocytosis, making them easier for immune cells to
identify and engulf.
Opsonization initiates the clotting process to prevent blood loss.
, Opsonization causes vasodilation, increasing blood flow to the site of
infection.
Opsonization increases vascular permeability, allowing more immune
cells to enter tissues.
8. Which of the following is transferred to an infant via breastfeeding?
IgE
IgG
IgM
IgA
9. Which type of immune cell is characterized by the presence of CD4
receptors?
Cytotoxic T cells
Helper T cells
Macrophages
Plasma cells
10. Describe the role of the inflammatory response in the context of innate
immunity.
The inflammatory response is a mechanism for the body to repair
damaged tissues without immune involvement.
The inflammatory response is primarily responsible for the production
of antibodies.
The inflammatory response acts as a second line of defense by
recruiting immune cells to the site of injury or infection.
, The inflammatory response involves the activation of memory cells
for future infections.
11. Describe the role of IgA in the immune system of an infant during
breastfeeding.
IgA plays a crucial role in protecting the infant's mucosal surfaces
from pathogens.
IgA is responsible for activating the complement system in infants.
IgA is primarily involved in allergic reactions in infants.
IgA helps in the production of red blood cells in infants.
12. What term does the nurse use to describe a monocyte once it enters the
tissue during an inflammatory response?
Fibroblast
Neutrophil
Macrophage
Mast cell
13. Capillary oncotic pressure is due to..?
Blood pressure
Plasma proteins, especially albumin
Glucose
Lymph
Change in water pressure
14. The nurse in the genetics clinic is describing a genetic disease that leads to
progressive dementia in middle to later adulthood. To which disease is the
University 2026 | Latest Update | Exam Prep Questions &
Answers | Graded A+
1. What term describes the immune response where the body attacks its own
tissues?
graft rejection
autoimmunity
alloimmunity
hypersensitivity
2. In a clinical scenario where mast cells are inhibited from degranulating, what
effect would this have on the inflammatory response?
The inflammatory response would lead to increased tissue repair.
The inflammatory response would be exaggerated.
The inflammatory response would be diminished.
The inflammatory response would remain unchanged.
3. In a clinical scenario, if a patient presents with a contusion on the thigh after a
fall, what immediate treatment should be prioritized to manage the injury?
Suture the skin to close any tears.
Apply a bandage to cover the area.
Control bleeding and reduce swelling.
Perform surgery to repair underlying tissues.
4. If a gamete undergoes nondisjunction during meiosis, what would be the
expected chromosomal outcome in the resulting zygote?
, The zygote will have missing chromosomes, leading to aneuploidy
without any specific condition.
The zygote will have double the normal number of chromosomes,
resulting in polyploidy.
The zygote may have an abnormal number of chromosomes,
leading to conditions such as trisomy or monosomy.
The zygote will have a normal number of chromosomes, ensuring
typical development.
5. Down syndrome is most often related to which of the following events?
Maternal chromosomal nondisjunction during second meiotic division
Paternal chromosome nondisjunction during meiosis
Maternal chromosomal nondisjunction during first meiotic division
Maternal translocation during meiosis
6. The generating force for capillary oncotic pressure is :
Blood cells
Blood pressure
Albumin
Electrolytes
7. Describe how opsonization enhances the immune response.
Opsonization enhances the immune response by marking
pathogens for phagocytosis, making them easier for immune cells to
identify and engulf.
Opsonization initiates the clotting process to prevent blood loss.
, Opsonization causes vasodilation, increasing blood flow to the site of
infection.
Opsonization increases vascular permeability, allowing more immune
cells to enter tissues.
8. Which of the following is transferred to an infant via breastfeeding?
IgE
IgG
IgM
IgA
9. Which type of immune cell is characterized by the presence of CD4
receptors?
Cytotoxic T cells
Helper T cells
Macrophages
Plasma cells
10. Describe the role of the inflammatory response in the context of innate
immunity.
The inflammatory response is a mechanism for the body to repair
damaged tissues without immune involvement.
The inflammatory response is primarily responsible for the production
of antibodies.
The inflammatory response acts as a second line of defense by
recruiting immune cells to the site of injury or infection.
, The inflammatory response involves the activation of memory cells
for future infections.
11. Describe the role of IgA in the immune system of an infant during
breastfeeding.
IgA plays a crucial role in protecting the infant's mucosal surfaces
from pathogens.
IgA is responsible for activating the complement system in infants.
IgA is primarily involved in allergic reactions in infants.
IgA helps in the production of red blood cells in infants.
12. What term does the nurse use to describe a monocyte once it enters the
tissue during an inflammatory response?
Fibroblast
Neutrophil
Macrophage
Mast cell
13. Capillary oncotic pressure is due to..?
Blood pressure
Plasma proteins, especially albumin
Glucose
Lymph
Change in water pressure
14. The nurse in the genetics clinic is describing a genetic disease that leads to
progressive dementia in middle to later adulthood. To which disease is the
