Biology 1330: Exam 1 Study Guide
Functional Questions with Solved
Solutions 2026-2027 Updated.
What is the structure of an atom? - Answer Proton + Positive
Electron - Negative
Neutron (neutral)
Where are the 3 components that make up the structure of the atom found? - Answer Proton
and Neutron- nucleus
Electron- in space around nucleus
Each element had a unique number, what does the top and bottom number represent? -
Answer Top- Mass #
Bottom- Atomic #
*the mass number can vary due to the number neutrons
What is it called when you have a different number of neutrons? - Answer Isotope
Electrons close to the nucleus are called... - Answer Core electrons
Electrons farthest from the nucleus are called... - Answer Valence electrons
What happens when atoms have outer orbitals that are not filled with valence electrons?? -
Answer They form bonds so they are reactive
What are the elements of life? - Answer CHNOPS
carbon hydrogen nitrogen oxygen phosphorous and sulfer
Why form bonds? - Answer More stable when the valence orbitals are filled (electrons are
paired)
What are the types of bonds? - Answer Covalent and Ionic
, What are covalent bonds? - Answer valance electron are shared between two atoms
What are Ionic bonds? - Answer the transfer of valence electrons between atoms
What determines the type of bond formed between reactive atoms? - Answer The
Electronegativity of the atom. The tendency of an atom to attract electrons
*OXYGEN IS THE MOST ELECTRONEGATIVITY ELEMENT FOUND IN THE CELL
What are the different types of covalent bonds? - Answer Nonpolar and Polar
What is the difference between Nonpolar and Polar bonds? - Answer Nonpolar- Two atoms
share electrons equally
*NO PARTIAL CHARGE ON EITHER ATOM
Hydrogen and Methane are Non Polar
Polar- One atom is more ELECTRONEGATIVE and pulls electrons closer to its nucleus
*HAS PARTIAL CHARGES
Water and Ammonia is Polar
What are Ionic Bonds? - Answer Transfers electrons
When a metal and nonmetal bond valence electrons.
When there is a lost of electron the is a positive charge
When there a gain of an electron there is a negative charge
HOW DO YOU REMEMBER THIS? LEO goes GER
Loss Electron Oxidized(+) *GOES* Gain Electron Reduce (-)
Which bonds are found in living organisms? - Answer Nonpolar covalent bonds and Polar
covalent bonds
Basicalllyyy... - Answer Nonpolar covalent bonds- elements of the same kind that share the
electrons or C-H bonds
Functional Questions with Solved
Solutions 2026-2027 Updated.
What is the structure of an atom? - Answer Proton + Positive
Electron - Negative
Neutron (neutral)
Where are the 3 components that make up the structure of the atom found? - Answer Proton
and Neutron- nucleus
Electron- in space around nucleus
Each element had a unique number, what does the top and bottom number represent? -
Answer Top- Mass #
Bottom- Atomic #
*the mass number can vary due to the number neutrons
What is it called when you have a different number of neutrons? - Answer Isotope
Electrons close to the nucleus are called... - Answer Core electrons
Electrons farthest from the nucleus are called... - Answer Valence electrons
What happens when atoms have outer orbitals that are not filled with valence electrons?? -
Answer They form bonds so they are reactive
What are the elements of life? - Answer CHNOPS
carbon hydrogen nitrogen oxygen phosphorous and sulfer
Why form bonds? - Answer More stable when the valence orbitals are filled (electrons are
paired)
What are the types of bonds? - Answer Covalent and Ionic
, What are covalent bonds? - Answer valance electron are shared between two atoms
What are Ionic bonds? - Answer the transfer of valence electrons between atoms
What determines the type of bond formed between reactive atoms? - Answer The
Electronegativity of the atom. The tendency of an atom to attract electrons
*OXYGEN IS THE MOST ELECTRONEGATIVITY ELEMENT FOUND IN THE CELL
What are the different types of covalent bonds? - Answer Nonpolar and Polar
What is the difference between Nonpolar and Polar bonds? - Answer Nonpolar- Two atoms
share electrons equally
*NO PARTIAL CHARGE ON EITHER ATOM
Hydrogen and Methane are Non Polar
Polar- One atom is more ELECTRONEGATIVE and pulls electrons closer to its nucleus
*HAS PARTIAL CHARGES
Water and Ammonia is Polar
What are Ionic Bonds? - Answer Transfers electrons
When a metal and nonmetal bond valence electrons.
When there is a lost of electron the is a positive charge
When there a gain of an electron there is a negative charge
HOW DO YOU REMEMBER THIS? LEO goes GER
Loss Electron Oxidized(+) *GOES* Gain Electron Reduce (-)
Which bonds are found in living organisms? - Answer Nonpolar covalent bonds and Polar
covalent bonds
Basicalllyyy... - Answer Nonpolar covalent bonds- elements of the same kind that share the
electrons or C-H bonds
