,Geneva College NURS 251 Module 6 (pdf) | 2026/2027 | Portage
Learning Q&A | Pharmacology
1. Which term describes a bacterium that grows in the presence of air or
requires oxygen for growth?
A) Obligate anaerobe
B) Aerobe
C) Facultative anaerobe
D) Microaerophile
Correct Answer: Aerobe
Rationale: An aerobe is defined as a bacterium that grows in the presence of
air or requires oxygen for growth. Anaerobes do not require oxygen, and
facultative anaerobes can grow with or without oxygen.
2. According to the Gram stain procedure, which statement correctly
describes the classification of bacteria?
A) Gram-positive bacteria stain pink and have a thinner cell wall
B) Gram-negative bacteria stain purple and have a simpler cell wall structure
C) Gram-positive bacteria stain purple and have a more complex cell wall
that retains the crystal violet stain
D) Gram-negative bacteria stain purple due to their thick peptidoglycan layer
Correct Answer: Gram-positive bacteria stain purple and have a more
complex cell wall that retains the crystal violet stain
Rationale: Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan cell wall that
retains the crystal violet stain, causing them to appear purple.
Gram-negative bacteria have a thinner peptidoglycan layer and an outer
,membrane, which does not retain the stain and instead takes up the pink
counterstain.
3. Why are healthcare-associated infections generally more difficult to treat
than community-acquired infections?
A) Healthcare-associated infections are always caused by viruses
B) The microorganisms have been exposed to strong antibiotics and often
develop resistance
C) Patients in healthcare settings have stronger immune systems
D) Healthcare-associated infections are typically superficial skin infections
Correct Answer: The microorganisms have been exposed to strong antibiotics
and often develop resistance
Rationale: In healthcare settings, bacteria are frequently exposed to a variety
of antibiotics, which selects for resistant strains. This makes
healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) more challenging to treat because
the causative organisms are often multidrug-resistant.
4. What is the primary focus of Module 6 of NURS 251 Pharmacology?
A) The role of antibiotics in eliminating pathogenic bacteria within a human
host
B) The management of chronic viral infections
C) The use of antifungal agents for superficial skin infections
D) The pharmacology of antiparasitic drugs
Correct Answer: The role of antibiotics in eliminating pathogenic bacteria
within a human host
, Rationale: According to the module description, Module 6 concentrates on
the role of antibiotics to eliminate the pathogenic effects brought on by
bacteria within a human host. It provides an introductory overview of
infectious diseases and the use of antibacterial drugs.
5. Which statement correctly distinguishes between Gram-positive and
Gram-negative bacterial infections regarding difficulty of treatment?
A) Gram-positive infections are always harder to treat because they lack an
outer membrane
B) Gram-negative bacterial infections are generally harder to treat because
they have a more complex cell wall structure
C) Gram-negative infections are easier to treat because they lack a
peptidoglycan layer
D) Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative infections respond equally to all
antibiotics
Correct Answer: Gram-negative bacterial infections are generally harder to
treat because they have a more complex cell wall structure
Rationale: Gram-negative bacteria possess an outer membrane in addition to
a thin peptidoglycan layer, which acts as an extra barrier that many
antibiotics must penetrate. This structural complexity often makes
Gram-negative infections more difficult to treat.
6. Which of the following pairs correctly matches a bacterium with an
infection it can cause?
A) Streptococcus pyogenes – skin infection (impetigo) when introduced
through an open sore
B) Escherichia coli – strep throat
C) Staphylococcus aureus – urinary tract infection only
D) Streptococcus pneumoniae – gastroenteritis
Learning Q&A | Pharmacology
1. Which term describes a bacterium that grows in the presence of air or
requires oxygen for growth?
A) Obligate anaerobe
B) Aerobe
C) Facultative anaerobe
D) Microaerophile
Correct Answer: Aerobe
Rationale: An aerobe is defined as a bacterium that grows in the presence of
air or requires oxygen for growth. Anaerobes do not require oxygen, and
facultative anaerobes can grow with or without oxygen.
2. According to the Gram stain procedure, which statement correctly
describes the classification of bacteria?
A) Gram-positive bacteria stain pink and have a thinner cell wall
B) Gram-negative bacteria stain purple and have a simpler cell wall structure
C) Gram-positive bacteria stain purple and have a more complex cell wall
that retains the crystal violet stain
D) Gram-negative bacteria stain purple due to their thick peptidoglycan layer
Correct Answer: Gram-positive bacteria stain purple and have a more
complex cell wall that retains the crystal violet stain
Rationale: Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan cell wall that
retains the crystal violet stain, causing them to appear purple.
Gram-negative bacteria have a thinner peptidoglycan layer and an outer
,membrane, which does not retain the stain and instead takes up the pink
counterstain.
3. Why are healthcare-associated infections generally more difficult to treat
than community-acquired infections?
A) Healthcare-associated infections are always caused by viruses
B) The microorganisms have been exposed to strong antibiotics and often
develop resistance
C) Patients in healthcare settings have stronger immune systems
D) Healthcare-associated infections are typically superficial skin infections
Correct Answer: The microorganisms have been exposed to strong antibiotics
and often develop resistance
Rationale: In healthcare settings, bacteria are frequently exposed to a variety
of antibiotics, which selects for resistant strains. This makes
healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) more challenging to treat because
the causative organisms are often multidrug-resistant.
4. What is the primary focus of Module 6 of NURS 251 Pharmacology?
A) The role of antibiotics in eliminating pathogenic bacteria within a human
host
B) The management of chronic viral infections
C) The use of antifungal agents for superficial skin infections
D) The pharmacology of antiparasitic drugs
Correct Answer: The role of antibiotics in eliminating pathogenic bacteria
within a human host
, Rationale: According to the module description, Module 6 concentrates on
the role of antibiotics to eliminate the pathogenic effects brought on by
bacteria within a human host. It provides an introductory overview of
infectious diseases and the use of antibacterial drugs.
5. Which statement correctly distinguishes between Gram-positive and
Gram-negative bacterial infections regarding difficulty of treatment?
A) Gram-positive infections are always harder to treat because they lack an
outer membrane
B) Gram-negative bacterial infections are generally harder to treat because
they have a more complex cell wall structure
C) Gram-negative infections are easier to treat because they lack a
peptidoglycan layer
D) Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative infections respond equally to all
antibiotics
Correct Answer: Gram-negative bacterial infections are generally harder to
treat because they have a more complex cell wall structure
Rationale: Gram-negative bacteria possess an outer membrane in addition to
a thin peptidoglycan layer, which acts as an extra barrier that many
antibiotics must penetrate. This structural complexity often makes
Gram-negative infections more difficult to treat.
6. Which of the following pairs correctly matches a bacterium with an
infection it can cause?
A) Streptococcus pyogenes – skin infection (impetigo) when introduced
through an open sore
B) Escherichia coli – strep throat
C) Staphylococcus aureus – urinary tract infection only
D) Streptococcus pneumoniae – gastroenteritis
