CS 100 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE ANSWERS
An application program that helps protect your programs and data from
potentially destructive programs is known as - ANSWER anti-virus software
What are the three primary components of an operating system? - ANSWER -
Kernel (manages all the resources)
- Bundled applications (that come with the operating system)
- Shell or user interface (allows user to interact with OS)
What is an absolute reference in Excel? - ANSWER i.e. $C$4. Keeps a value
consistent in copy & paste.
Could also name an absolute reference; i.e. Sheet1!$C$4 = Unit_Price.
What does the =MID function do in Excel? - ANSWER Returns the characters
from the middle of a text string, given a starting position and length.
=MID(text,start_num,num_chars)
text = text string from which you want to extract characters
start_num = he position of the first character you want to extract
num_chars = specifies how many characters to return from Text.
What does the =VLOOKUP function do in Excel? - ANSWER Looks for a value in
the leftmost column of a table, and then returns a value in the same row from a
column you specify. By default, the table must be sorted in an ascending order.
Syntax:
VLOOKUP(lookup_value,table_array,col_index_num,range_lookup)
▪ Lookup_value: is the value to be found in the first column of the table, and can
be a value, a reference, or a text string.
▪ Table_array: is a table of text, numbers, or logical values, in which data is
retrieved. Table_array can be a reference to a range or a range name.
▪ Col_index_num: is the column number in table_array from which the matching
value should be returned. The first column of values in the table is column 1.
,▪ Range_lookup: is a logical value: to find the closest match in the first column
(sorted in ascending order) = TRUE or omitted; find an exact match = FALSE.
If the 4th parameter of a VLOOKUP function is "FALSE", it means we are looking
for... - ANSWER An exact match in the lookup table.
The type of chart that is most appropriate for showing trends or cycles over a
period of time is a: - ANSWER line graph
What type of chart is most appropriate for showing the percentage of a student's
university expenses that are spent on each of tuition, books, residence, travel,
and entertainment? - ANSWER Pie chart
What does the =IF function do in Excel? - ANSWER Checks whether a condition
is met, and returns one value if TRUE, and another value if FALSE.
Syntax
IF(logical_test,value_if_true,value_if_false)
▪ Logical_test: is any value or expression that can be evaluated to TRUE or
FALSE.
▪ Value_if_true: is the value that is returned if Logical_test is TRUE. If omitted,
TRUE is returned. You can nest up to seven IF functions.
▪ Value_if_false: is the value that is returned if Logical_test is FALSE. If omitted,
FALSE is returned.
What is HTML? - ANSWER Web pages are written in a language known as HTML.
Web browsers can read and interpret HTML and then display (or render) the
content according to the "rules" (or specification) of HTML.
It is a language for specifying how to add links (or HyperText) and markup to a
document.
The utility that translates "human readable" addresses like
"http://www.uwangel.uwaterloo.ca" into "computer understandable" addresses
like 129.97.129.90 is called: - ANSWER DNS (Domain Name System) Converts
from user-friendly human name (www.website.com) to an IP address
TCP/IP is - ANSWER A standard protocol used for addressing and transmitting
messages among different types of computers
Define and give an example of hardware. - ANSWER Physical equipment and
devices that a computer is made of, including
- The Central Processing Unit (CPU)
- Primary memory and secondary storage
- Peripherals (i.e. monitor, keyboard, speaker)
, Define and give an example of software. - ANSWER The programs that run on the
hardware.
Two types:
- Application programs are designed to interact with users (i.e. photos app)
- System programs are designed to work in the background to operate the
computer (i.e. device driver)
Define and give an example of primary memory - ANSWER Traditionally known
as RAM (Random Access Memory), this is the "working space" of a computer
and everything that is being "done" on the computer (executing, displaying,
calculating) is stored here.
The CPU cannot access secondary storage directly: information copied from the
secondary storage to primary memory where it can be "used"
- E.g. because application programs are stored in secondary storage, when you
launch an app, the operating system first copies the program into your primary
memory and then starts the program à why there may be a delay when you
launch a program
- Similarly, when you open a file (or document) the file is copied from SS to PM.
When you save a file, it copies the document from PM back to SS.
Define and give an example of secondary storage - ANSWER The long term
(permanent) storage of a computer
- i.e. hard drives, flash drives, CDs, DVDs
What are the main differences between primary memory and secondary
storage? - ANSWER (1) Capacity
-PM is much smaller than SS.
-PM is typically a few gigabytes, whereas SS is measured in terabytes
(2) Speed
-PM is significantly faster than SS
-Even the fastest SSDs are 50 times slower than primary memory and hard
drives can be 1000 times slower
(3) Connectivity
-The CPU can communicate directly and "see" the information in primary
memory (the desk) but not secondary storage
(4) Permanency
-Imagine that the filing cabinet (secondary storage) is secure and fireproof, but
the desk (primary memory) is completely cleared when the computer shuts
down
COMPLETE ANSWERS
An application program that helps protect your programs and data from
potentially destructive programs is known as - ANSWER anti-virus software
What are the three primary components of an operating system? - ANSWER -
Kernel (manages all the resources)
- Bundled applications (that come with the operating system)
- Shell or user interface (allows user to interact with OS)
What is an absolute reference in Excel? - ANSWER i.e. $C$4. Keeps a value
consistent in copy & paste.
Could also name an absolute reference; i.e. Sheet1!$C$4 = Unit_Price.
What does the =MID function do in Excel? - ANSWER Returns the characters
from the middle of a text string, given a starting position and length.
=MID(text,start_num,num_chars)
text = text string from which you want to extract characters
start_num = he position of the first character you want to extract
num_chars = specifies how many characters to return from Text.
What does the =VLOOKUP function do in Excel? - ANSWER Looks for a value in
the leftmost column of a table, and then returns a value in the same row from a
column you specify. By default, the table must be sorted in an ascending order.
Syntax:
VLOOKUP(lookup_value,table_array,col_index_num,range_lookup)
▪ Lookup_value: is the value to be found in the first column of the table, and can
be a value, a reference, or a text string.
▪ Table_array: is a table of text, numbers, or logical values, in which data is
retrieved. Table_array can be a reference to a range or a range name.
▪ Col_index_num: is the column number in table_array from which the matching
value should be returned. The first column of values in the table is column 1.
,▪ Range_lookup: is a logical value: to find the closest match in the first column
(sorted in ascending order) = TRUE or omitted; find an exact match = FALSE.
If the 4th parameter of a VLOOKUP function is "FALSE", it means we are looking
for... - ANSWER An exact match in the lookup table.
The type of chart that is most appropriate for showing trends or cycles over a
period of time is a: - ANSWER line graph
What type of chart is most appropriate for showing the percentage of a student's
university expenses that are spent on each of tuition, books, residence, travel,
and entertainment? - ANSWER Pie chart
What does the =IF function do in Excel? - ANSWER Checks whether a condition
is met, and returns one value if TRUE, and another value if FALSE.
Syntax
IF(logical_test,value_if_true,value_if_false)
▪ Logical_test: is any value or expression that can be evaluated to TRUE or
FALSE.
▪ Value_if_true: is the value that is returned if Logical_test is TRUE. If omitted,
TRUE is returned. You can nest up to seven IF functions.
▪ Value_if_false: is the value that is returned if Logical_test is FALSE. If omitted,
FALSE is returned.
What is HTML? - ANSWER Web pages are written in a language known as HTML.
Web browsers can read and interpret HTML and then display (or render) the
content according to the "rules" (or specification) of HTML.
It is a language for specifying how to add links (or HyperText) and markup to a
document.
The utility that translates "human readable" addresses like
"http://www.uwangel.uwaterloo.ca" into "computer understandable" addresses
like 129.97.129.90 is called: - ANSWER DNS (Domain Name System) Converts
from user-friendly human name (www.website.com) to an IP address
TCP/IP is - ANSWER A standard protocol used for addressing and transmitting
messages among different types of computers
Define and give an example of hardware. - ANSWER Physical equipment and
devices that a computer is made of, including
- The Central Processing Unit (CPU)
- Primary memory and secondary storage
- Peripherals (i.e. monitor, keyboard, speaker)
, Define and give an example of software. - ANSWER The programs that run on the
hardware.
Two types:
- Application programs are designed to interact with users (i.e. photos app)
- System programs are designed to work in the background to operate the
computer (i.e. device driver)
Define and give an example of primary memory - ANSWER Traditionally known
as RAM (Random Access Memory), this is the "working space" of a computer
and everything that is being "done" on the computer (executing, displaying,
calculating) is stored here.
The CPU cannot access secondary storage directly: information copied from the
secondary storage to primary memory where it can be "used"
- E.g. because application programs are stored in secondary storage, when you
launch an app, the operating system first copies the program into your primary
memory and then starts the program à why there may be a delay when you
launch a program
- Similarly, when you open a file (or document) the file is copied from SS to PM.
When you save a file, it copies the document from PM back to SS.
Define and give an example of secondary storage - ANSWER The long term
(permanent) storage of a computer
- i.e. hard drives, flash drives, CDs, DVDs
What are the main differences between primary memory and secondary
storage? - ANSWER (1) Capacity
-PM is much smaller than SS.
-PM is typically a few gigabytes, whereas SS is measured in terabytes
(2) Speed
-PM is significantly faster than SS
-Even the fastest SSDs are 50 times slower than primary memory and hard
drives can be 1000 times slower
(3) Connectivity
-The CPU can communicate directly and "see" the information in primary
memory (the desk) but not secondary storage
(4) Permanency
-Imagine that the filing cabinet (secondary storage) is secure and fireproof, but
the desk (primary memory) is completely cleared when the computer shuts
down
