NURS 5462 VASCULAR DISEASE EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST GUIDE 2026/2027 .

. CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE CORRECT ANSWER 28% OF STOKES OCCUR IN PATIENTS 55 YEARS • 80% OF STROKES ARE THROMBOTIC OR EMBOLIC, Leading cause of disability and death among older adults 2. NEW EMERGING RISK FACTORS stroke CORRECT ANSWER Patients with high levels of Lp-PLA2 twice as likely to sutter an ischemic stroke over the next 6-8 years when compared to people with normal levels 3. PLAC test CORRECT ANSWER available nationwide by Quest Laboratories Normals are 120-342 ng/ml for women and 131-376 ng/mlformen 4. ASYMPTOMATIC CAROTID STENOSIS CORRECT ANSWER Detected bya bruit,Duplex scan can identify which patients with bruits have carotid stenosis, Stenosis 75% is associated with annual stroke risk of 2-3% Perioperative stroke risk is 3% or lessfor CEA 5. REVERSIBLE ISCHEMIC NEUROLOGIC DEFICIT CORRECT ANSWER • RIND • EPISODE OF FOCAL CEREBRAL DYSFUNCTION LASTING 24 HOURS BUT RESOLVES WITHIN 3 WKS. • ALSO KNOWN AS MINOR STROKE 6. CAROTID ARTERY DISEASE (anterior circulation) CORRECT ANSWER MONOPARESIS OR • HEMIPARESIS • SENSORY LOSS OR PARESTHESIAS • SPEECH DISTURBANCES • COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT • LOSS OF VISION IN ONE EYE OR PART OF AN EYE • AMAUROSIS FUGAX • HOMONYMOUS HEMIANOPSIA • LOSS OF VISION OF NASAL ½ OF ONE EYE AND TEMPORAL ½ OF OTHER EYE 7. VERTEBROBASILAR ARTERY DISEASE post. circ. CORRECT ANSWER • VERTIGO / DIPLOPIA / DYSPHAGIA / DYSARTHRIA • TWO OF THESE OR ONE OF THESE PLUS • PARESIS • SENSORY LOSS OR PARESTHESIAS • ATAXIA • HOMONYMOUS HEMIANOPSIA 8. LACUNAR SYNDROMES intracerebral DZ CORRECT ANSWER Degenerative process called lipohyalinosis attecting vessels 200um or less in diameter [Correlates with HTN] Common lacunar syndromes’•’Pure Motor Hemiparesis • Lesion is in the Pons • Hemiplegia or hemiparesis of face, arm and leg without sensory deficit, dysphagia or hemianopsia 9. LACUNAR SYNDROMES CORRECT ANSWER *PureMotor Hemiparesis•Lesion isin thePons• Hemiplegia or hemiparesis of face, arm and leg without sensory deficit, dysphagia or hemianopsia *Pure Sensory Stroke CORRECT ANSWER• Thalamus • Numbness of face, arm and leg on one side without weakness or hemianopsia *Ataxic Hemiparesis CORRECT ANSWER • Pons • LE attected worse *Dysarthria or "Clumsy Hand Syndrome" • Dysarthria, facial weakness, clumsiness of hand with little or no weakness, imbalance and positive Babinski on attected side *Multi-Infarct Dementia-• Stepwise, progressive dementia 10. ISCHEMIC STROKE CORRECT ANSWER Accounts for approximately 80%85% of strokes • About 27% are due to cardiac emboli • About 19% are due to large vessel disease • About 17% are due to small vessel disease, lesions at internal carotid artery=amirosis fugax 11. CRYPTOGENIC STROKE CORRECT ANSWER Ischemic stroke that does not have a clearly identifiable cause; Consider atypical causes of stroke, such as vasculitis, coagulopathy, mitochondrial disorder 12. TIA CORRECT ANSWER Transient episodes with altered consciousness are almost never vascular in nature 13. CHADS2 CORRECT ANSWER CHF [recent] Hypertension Age [75 or older] Diabetes Mellitus Stroke [previous] 14. PHYSICAL EXAM CORRECT ANSWER • FUNDUSCOPIC EXAM • EMBOLI TO SUGGEST ATHEROTHROMBOTIC CAROTID OCCLUSIVE DISEASE OR CARDIAC DISEASE, • PAOD • PERSISTENT NEURO DEFICIT 15. TREATMENT OF ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE CORRECT ANSWER QuicklyuseheadCTimagingto determine whether the patient is suttering from an ischemic or hemorrhagic event 16. NIH STROKE SCALE (NIHSS) CORRECT A